Miconazole is a synthetic imidazole derivative, a topical antifungal agent for use in the local treatment of vaginal, and skin and nail infections due to yeasts and dermatophytes. It is particularly active against Candida spp., Trichophyton spp., Epidermophyton spp., Microsporum spp. and Pityrosporon orbiculare (Malassezia furfur), but also possesses some activity against Gram-positive bacteria. It binds to the heme moiety of the fungal cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme lanosterol 14-alpha-demethlyase. Inhibits 14-alpha-demethlyase, blocks formation of ergosterol and leads to the buildup of toxic methylated 14-a-sterols. Miconazole also affects the synthesis of triglycerides and fatty acids and inhibits oxidative and peroxidative enzymes, increasing the amount of active oxygen species within the cell.

Pyrantel is an anthelmintic, which acts as an agonist of nicotinic receptors (AChRs) of nematodes and exerts its therapeutic effects by depolarizing their muscle membranes. It is used to treat a number of parasitic worm infections. This includes ascariasis, hookworm infections, enterobiasis (pinworm infection), trichostrongyliasis and trichinellosis. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache and somnolence.

Haloprogin is an active synthetic antifungal and antimonilial agent that was effective in the treatment of superficial fungal and monilial infections of the skin. Because of these two basic therapeutic effects, haloprogin was especially useful in the treatment of infections when the identity of the specific causative organism had not been established or is being determined. Studies in-vitro demonstrated antifungal, antimonilial and antibacterial activity. It was shown to demonstrate marked in-vitro activity against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Haloprogin is no longer available in the US.

Tolnaftate is a thiocarbamate derivative used as an over-the-counter anti-fungal agent for treatment of athlete's foot and ringworm. Tolnaftate acts by inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in fungal cells.

Oxymetazoline is an adrenergic alpha-agonist, direct acting sympathomimetic, used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion The sympathomimetic action of oxymetazoline constricts the smaller arterioles of the nasal passages, producing a prolonged (up to 12 hours), gentle and decongesting effect. Oxymetazoline elicits relief of conjunctival hyperemia by causing vasoconstriction of superficial conjunctival blood vessels. The drug's action has been demonstrated in acute allergic conjunctivitis and in chemical (chloride) conjunctivitis. Oxymetazoline is self-medication for temporary relief of nasal congestion associated with the common cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies. Oxymetazoline is available over-the-counter as a topical decongestant in the form of oxymetazoline hydrochloride in nasal sprays such as Afrin, Operil, Dristan, Dimetapp, oxyspray, Facimin, Nasivin, Nostrilla, Sudafed OM, Vicks Sinex, Zicam, SinuFrin, and Mucinex Full Force. Due to its vasoconstricting properties, oxymetazoline is also used to treat nose bleeds and eye redness.

Zirconium Fluoride is a water insoluble Zirconium source for use in oxygen-sensitive applications, such as metal production. Zirconium fluoride in a mixture with other fluorides is a coolant for molten salt reactors. In the mixture with sodium fluoride it is a candidate coolant for the Advanced High-Temperature Reactor.

Racephedrine in combination with theophylline, phenobarbital was used to treat bronchial asthma. However, its application was substituted more effective agent. In addition, FDA has reviewed the final monograph for over-the-counter bronchodilator drug products to add additional warnings and to revise the indications in the labeling of products containing racephedrine hydrochloride.

The aluminum salt of Allantoin, Alcloxa combines the astringent and anti-microbial properties of aluminum with the anti-irritant, soothing and healing properties of Allantoin. Alcloxa is particularly suited for use in anti-perspirants, acne treatments and foot care products. Alcloxa is a compound that combine the properties of aluminum salts with the properties of allantion. The allantion component ehhances the action of the aluminum salts and serves to overcome irritations experienced by many individuals who may be sensitive to the use of aluminum alts. The aluminum component reduces sweat by causing the sweat gland ducts swell. Alcloxa also add to the antiperspirant properties the deodorant effect because of its bacteriostatic action. It showed bacteriostatic properties at concentrations of 0.2% particularly against Gram bectaria (B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. vulgaris, Pityrosporum ovale). This is ascribable to two different mechanisms: first bacterial growth is retarded due to a decrease in the amount of water present, second aluminum salt have itself an antimicrobial action. In baby products is indicated for its healing reparative action, in the treatment of diaper rash. Also is approved in haemorrhoidal product for its soothing and keratolytic action. In oral care products Alcloxa is useful for its astringent antibacterial properties. It is very indicated in formulations for sensitive teeth, periodontal and gum diseases (like gingivitis, irritable and bleeding gums). Use levels: 0.1-1%. − In antiacne products the slightly astringent effect promotes healing of pustules and acne lesions. It reduces the extension of infected skin eruptions, healing them and developing a soothing action. May be used alone or also in combinations with other antimicrobial agents in order to fight acne more effectively. Use levels: 0.5-2.0%.

Pyrithione zinc is an antibacterial and antifungal agent developed by scientists in the 1930's. Since then it has been used to treat seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp and other skin conditions such as eczema, athlete's foot, and vitiligo, as well as psoriasis. Because of its antifungal properties, it is commonly found in dandruff shampoo. Products containing pyrithione zinc are available today with and without prescription, and it is the main ingredient in many over-the-counter creams, lotions, soaps, and shampoos. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera. Pyrithione zinc`s other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin, atopic dermatitis, tinea, and vitiligo. Its antifungal effect is thought to derive from its ability to disrupt membrane transport by blocking the proton pump that energizes the transport mechanism.

Bismuth aluminate is an antacid drug. The good therapeutic results are due to a coating effect providing a local antipepsin action at the site of the ulcer is an interesting possibility. Inorganic bismuth derivatives have good antibacterial properties and are considered to be only slightly toxic to humans because of their low uptake into human cells. The formation of methylated bismuth derivatives in the human gut may damage mammalian cells as well as the physiological gut microbiota.