1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)decan-3-one (Paradol, 6-paradol ), a major constituent of A. melegueta seeds, exhibited potent proliferative and ossification characteristics in bone cells. It enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and vitamin D content and decreased the osteoporotic marker acid phosphatase. Paradol enhanced the expression of osteocyte and osteoblast-related genes and inhibited osteoclast and RUNX suppressor genes. Paradols are unsaturated ketones produced by biotransformation of shogaols in gingers. Among them, 6-paradol has been investigated as a new drug candidate due to its anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, and neuroprotective activities. 6-paradol exhibited a significant glucose-lowering effect and decreased body weight. 6-paradol possesses good anti-hyperglycemic activity, therefore it may serve as a novel target for the development of anti-obesity and anti-hyperglycemic functional food. 6-paradol effectively protects brain after cerebral ischemia, likely by attenuating neuroinflammation in microglia, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic agent to treat cerebral ischemia.