Pazufloxacin is a fused tricyclic quinolone derivative that has a broad spectrum of anti-bacterial activity. Pazufloxacin inhibits bot DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and has shown in vitro activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Hafnia, Citrobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Serratia, Shigella, Salmonella, Aeromonas and Yersinia. The drug is used for the treatment of infectious diseases such as abdominal infections, genital infections, urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, etc.

Bivalirudin is a synthetic 20 amino acid peptide rationally designed based on structural studies of hirudin, a naturally occurring anticoagulant. Bivalirudin is sold under the brand name Angiomax and is indicated for use as an anticoagulant in patients with unstable angina undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). It is intended for use with aspirin and has been studied only in patients receiving concomitant aspirin. Bivalirudin directly inhibits thrombin by binding simultaneously to its active catalytic site and its substrate recognition site.

Dextromilnacipran (1R, 2S/F2696) is an enantiomer of milnacipran, a serotonin/norepinephrine (5-HT/NE) reuptake inhibitor. Dextromilnacipran is pharmacologically less active as compared with racemic mixture and levomilnacipran (1S, 2R/F2695).

Dextromilnacipran (1R, 2S/F2696) is an enantiomer of milnacipran, a serotonin/norepinephrine (5-HT/NE) reuptake inhibitor. Dextromilnacipran is pharmacologically less active as compared with racemic mixture and levomilnacipran (1S, 2R/F2695).

Sitagliptin (MK-0431), chemically (2R)-4-Oxo-4-[3- (trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin- 7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifl uorophenyl)butan-2-amine has a very high selectivity towards DPP-4, with an IC(50) of 18 nM. There is no affinity towards other DDP enzymes (DPP- 8 and DPP-9). It has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA and Europe and is registered by the name Januvia (Merck Pharmaceuticals, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). In healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes of different ethnic background, the tolerability of different doses given once or twice daily is good. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin. Sitagliptin is an incretin enhancer and the first marketed medication belonging to the gliptin class. In fact, no published literature exists regarding incidence or severity of hypoglycemia when sitagliptin is used off-label in combined with insulin therapy. However, is recommended to use methods to avoid hypoglycemia when using this off-label combination. Approximately 79% of sitagliptin is excreted unchanged in the urine with metabolism being a minor pathway of elimination. Elimination of sitagliptin occurs primarily via renal excretion and involves active tubular secretion. Sitagliptin is a substrate for human organic anion transporter-3 (hOAT-3), which may be involved in the renal elimination of sitagliptin

Sitagliptin (MK-0431), chemically (2R)-4-Oxo-4-[3- (trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin- 7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifl uorophenyl)butan-2-amine has a very high selectivity towards DPP-4, with an IC(50) of 18 nM. There is no affinity towards other DDP enzymes (DPP- 8 and DPP-9). It has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA and Europe and is registered by the name Januvia (Merck Pharmaceuticals, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). In healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes of different ethnic background, the tolerability of different doses given once or twice daily is good. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin. Sitagliptin is an incretin enhancer and the first marketed medication belonging to the gliptin class. In fact, no published literature exists regarding incidence or severity of hypoglycemia when sitagliptin is used off-label in combined with insulin therapy. However, is recommended to use methods to avoid hypoglycemia when using this off-label combination. Approximately 79% of sitagliptin is excreted unchanged in the urine with metabolism being a minor pathway of elimination. Elimination of sitagliptin occurs primarily via renal excretion and involves active tubular secretion. Sitagliptin is a substrate for human organic anion transporter-3 (hOAT-3), which may be involved in the renal elimination of sitagliptin

Sitagliptin (MK-0431), chemically (2R)-4-Oxo-4-[3- (trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin- 7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifl uorophenyl)butan-2-amine has a very high selectivity towards DPP-4, with an IC(50) of 18 nM. There is no affinity towards other DDP enzymes (DPP- 8 and DPP-9). It has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA and Europe and is registered by the name Januvia (Merck Pharmaceuticals, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). In healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes of different ethnic background, the tolerability of different doses given once or twice daily is good. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin. Sitagliptin is an incretin enhancer and the first marketed medication belonging to the gliptin class. In fact, no published literature exists regarding incidence or severity of hypoglycemia when sitagliptin is used off-label in combined with insulin therapy. However, is recommended to use methods to avoid hypoglycemia when using this off-label combination. Approximately 79% of sitagliptin is excreted unchanged in the urine with metabolism being a minor pathway of elimination. Elimination of sitagliptin occurs primarily via renal excretion and involves active tubular secretion. Sitagliptin is a substrate for human organic anion transporter-3 (hOAT-3), which may be involved in the renal elimination of sitagliptin

Sitagliptin (MK-0431), chemically (2R)-4-Oxo-4-[3- (trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin- 7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifl uorophenyl)butan-2-amine has a very high selectivity towards DPP-4, with an IC(50) of 18 nM. There is no affinity towards other DDP enzymes (DPP- 8 and DPP-9). It has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA and Europe and is registered by the name Januvia (Merck Pharmaceuticals, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). In healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes of different ethnic background, the tolerability of different doses given once or twice daily is good. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin. Sitagliptin is an incretin enhancer and the first marketed medication belonging to the gliptin class. In fact, no published literature exists regarding incidence or severity of hypoglycemia when sitagliptin is used off-label in combined with insulin therapy. However, is recommended to use methods to avoid hypoglycemia when using this off-label combination. Approximately 79% of sitagliptin is excreted unchanged in the urine with metabolism being a minor pathway of elimination. Elimination of sitagliptin occurs primarily via renal excretion and involves active tubular secretion. Sitagliptin is a substrate for human organic anion transporter-3 (hOAT-3), which may be involved in the renal elimination of sitagliptin

Sitagliptin (MK-0431), chemically (2R)-4-Oxo-4-[3- (trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin- 7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifl uorophenyl)butan-2-amine has a very high selectivity towards DPP-4, with an IC(50) of 18 nM. There is no affinity towards other DDP enzymes (DPP- 8 and DPP-9). It has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA and Europe and is registered by the name Januvia (Merck Pharmaceuticals, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). In healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes of different ethnic background, the tolerability of different doses given once or twice daily is good. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin. Sitagliptin is an incretin enhancer and the first marketed medication belonging to the gliptin class. In fact, no published literature exists regarding incidence or severity of hypoglycemia when sitagliptin is used off-label in combined with insulin therapy. However, is recommended to use methods to avoid hypoglycemia when using this off-label combination. Approximately 79% of sitagliptin is excreted unchanged in the urine with metabolism being a minor pathway of elimination. Elimination of sitagliptin occurs primarily via renal excretion and involves active tubular secretion. Sitagliptin is a substrate for human organic anion transporter-3 (hOAT-3), which may be involved in the renal elimination of sitagliptin

Sitagliptin (MK-0431), chemically (2R)-4-Oxo-4-[3- (trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin- 7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifl uorophenyl)butan-2-amine has a very high selectivity towards DPP-4, with an IC(50) of 18 nM. There is no affinity towards other DDP enzymes (DPP- 8 and DPP-9). It has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA and Europe and is registered by the name Januvia (Merck Pharmaceuticals, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). In healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes of different ethnic background, the tolerability of different doses given once or twice daily is good. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin. Sitagliptin is an incretin enhancer and the first marketed medication belonging to the gliptin class. In fact, no published literature exists regarding incidence or severity of hypoglycemia when sitagliptin is used off-label in combined with insulin therapy. However, is recommended to use methods to avoid hypoglycemia when using this off-label combination. Approximately 79% of sitagliptin is excreted unchanged in the urine with metabolism being a minor pathway of elimination. Elimination of sitagliptin occurs primarily via renal excretion and involves active tubular secretion. Sitagliptin is a substrate for human organic anion transporter-3 (hOAT-3), which may be involved in the renal elimination of sitagliptin