Bamidipine is an antihypertensive drug belonging to the dihydropyridine (DHP) group of calcium antagonists. The product was originally developed by Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical (Tokyo, Japan) and is currently marketed in Japan under the trade name of Hypoca (Astellas Pharma Inc, Tokyo, Japan). It is available in a modified-release formulation which has a gradual onset of action and is effective in a single daily oral dose of 10 to 20 mg. Bamidipine has selective action against cardiovascular calcium antagonist receptors and its antihypertensive action is related to the reduction of peripheral vascular resistance secondary to its vasodilatory action. The clinical antihypertensive efficacy of barnidipine is similar to that of other DHP calcium antagonists such as nitrendipine and amlodipine, and antihypertensives belonging to other drug classes such as atenolol and enalapril. Barnidipine has been found to be as efficacious and well tolerated as hydrochlorothiazide in the management of hypertension in elderly patients. Barnidipine is generally well tolerated. As with other DHP calcium antagonists, vasodilator adverse events such as headache, flushing and peripheral oedema account for most of the adverse events reported with its use and are usually transient. Oedema is less frequent than with amlodipine and nitrendipine. Its use is not associated with reflex tachycardia.

Itopride is a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist and inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. It is indicated in the for the treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms caused by reduced gastrointestinal motility, such as functional non-ulcer dyspepsia (chronic gastritis), gastric fullness, rapid satiation, pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen, anorexia, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting. The drug is not approved in the USA or UK but is available in Japan and Western European countries.

Cobaltous chloride CO-57 (or Cobalt 57) is a radioactive compound, decays by electron capture with a physical half-life of 270.9 days. This compound is a part of diagnostic capsules Rubratrope-57, for the diagnosis of pernicious anemia and as a diagnostic adjunct in other defects of intestinal vitamin B12 absorption. Rubratrope-57 was withdrawn in July 2017.

Tiemonium (often used in a form of iodide or methylsulphate salt) is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, which is available in Asia (mainly Bangladesh) for the alleviation of muscle spasms of the intestine, biliary system, uterus and urinary bladder in gastrointestinal, biliary, urinary and gynecological diseases.

Ceftobiprole is a fifth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It was discovered by Basilea Pharmaceutica and was developed by Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development. The drug is demonstrates activity against clinically important gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicilliin-resistant Staphylococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis. The drug also has demonstrated activity against gram-negative bacteria including Citrobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The drug has gained regulatory authorization from European states for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Talaporfin (INN, also known as aspartyl chlorin, mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6, NPe6, or LS11) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Talaporfin is injected into tumors and other regret tissues where it accumulates. It’s activated with light emitting diodes (LED). It absorbs red light at 664-667 nm normally provided by a laser tuned to this wavelength. It was approved in Japan (in 2004) for PDT of lung cancer and glioma and marketed as Laserphyrin. Clinical and preclinical studies indicate that talaporfin sodium treatment may offer a powerful option to synergize current therapies, as well as an alternative monotherapy in treating cancer.

Equilin sulfate is one of the main component, which is responsible for the pharmacological action of the PREMARIN, conjugated estrogens tablets. Premarin is used to treat the moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, vulvar and vaginal atrophy due to menopause. It is also used to treat hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration or primary ovarian failure; to treat breast cancer and advanced androgen-dependent carcinoma of the prostate (for Palliation Only). In addition, premarin is used to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis. Equilin sulfate is a prodrug, which is hydrolyzed to the corresponding free estrogen equilin, an inhibitor of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1). Human 17beta-HSD1 catalyzes the reduction of inactive estrone (E1) to the active 17beta-estradiol in breast tissues, is a key enzyme responsible for elevated levels of E2 in breast tumor tissues. Thus equilin reduce the E2 levels in breast tissues and hence the reduce risk of estrogen-dependent breast cancer.

Cinnamedrine is an active ingredient of midol (a combination of cinnamedrine hydrochloride, aspirin, phenacetin, and caffeine) used to relieve dysmenorrhea. Midol was an over-the-counter drug, which was discontinued due to a marketing decision.

AZOTOMYCIN, a diazo analog of L-glutamine, is an antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces ambofaciens. It inhibits glutamine-dependent enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. It was tested in human malignancies in the 1950s.