Motexafin gadolinium is a novel, MRI-detectable, an anticancer agent that enhances the cytotoxic potential of radiation therapy through several mechanisms, including depleting intracellular reducing metabolites that are necessary for repairing the oxidative damage induced by irradiation. Motexafin gadolinium catalyzes the oxidation of intracellular reducing metabolites such as ascorbate, glutathione, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and protein thiols, generating reactive oxygen species in a process known as futile redox cycling. The depletion (through oxidation) of these reducing metabolites removes the substrate necessary in a cell to repair oxidative damage induced by radiation and, left unrepaired, such radiation-induced oxidative DNA damage is converted into lethal double-stranded breaks. Motexafin gadolinium has tumor-specific uptake, normal tissue sparing, and tolerable and reversible toxicities in clinical trials. Motexafin gadolinium use in conjunction with whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) has demonstrated an improvement in neurocognitive decline, neurologic progression, and quality of life in patients with brain metastases from Non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Motexafin gadolinium use in conjunction with radiosurgery and whole brain radiation therapy in the setting of brain metastases is currently being studied, as is Motexafin gadolinium with radiation and temozolomide in patients with glioblastoma multiforme.

Antienite oxalate is an anthelmintic agent. Antienite (R 8141) is a metabolite of antazonite (R 6438), which is about 4 times as active as the original compound. R 8141 is active as an anthelmintic in poultry and in rats.

Mirogabalin, a selective alpha 2 delta ligand binds to the α2δ subunits of voltage-dependent calcium channels and thus blocks the channel. This drug was developed by Daiichi Sankyo and in January 2019 was approved in Japan for the treatment of neuropathic pain and for the postherpetic neuralgia.

Moprolol is a beta-adrenergic antagonist, or beta blocker, typically prescribed to treat hypertension, high blood pressure, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, anxiety, and glaucoma. Moprolol has been the subject for many clinical trials to study the effect moprolol has on both blood pressure and glaucoma. In clinical trials, Moprolol shows some effect on lowering blood pressure with no effects on the heart rate. Moprolol is currently off the market, most likely due to the manufacturer being in violation of US good manufacturing practices.

Motexafin lutetium is pentadentate aromatic metallotexaphyrin with photosensitizing properties patented by Pharmacyclics, Inc. as anticancer agent that enhances the cytotoxic potential of photodynamic therapy through several mechanisms, including depleting intracellular reducing metabolites that are necessary for repairing the oxidative damage induced by irradiation. Motexafin lutetium catalyzes the oxidation of intracellular reducing metabolites such as ascorbate, glutathione, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and protein thiols, generating reactive oxygen species in a process known as futile redox cycling. The depletion (through oxidation) of these reducing metabolites removes the substrate necessary in a cell to repair oxidative damage induced by photodynamic therapy and, left unrepaired, such oxidative DNA damage is converted into lethal double-stranded breaks. Motexafin lutetium has the potential to combine the features of selective localization, ability to be activated by deeply penetrating far-red light, low incidence of skin photosensitization and water solubility. The product was in clinical development as a treatment for several types of solid tumors (as Lutrin), age-related macular degeneration (as Optrin), atherosclerosis and prevention of restenosis (as Antrin).