ACT-281959 (molecular weight 850.9 g/mol), the di-ester prodrug of ACT-246475 (molecular weight 618.6 g/mol), was developed to improve absorption after oral dosing and is rapidly converted by esterases in vivo to ACT-246475 in two-steps via the formation of ACT-409100 (molecular weight 734.7 g/mol), the mono-ester prodrug. ACT-281959 is a novel potent and selective P2Y12 receptor antagonist with a wider therapeutic window. ACT-281959 showed antithrombotic efficacy after oral administration in the rat ferric chloride model. ACT-281959 entered clinical studies in healthy volunteers. ACT-281959 had been in phase I clinical trials by Actelion for the treatment of thrombosis. But there is no development reported for this study recently.

Pancopride (LAS 30451) is a 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist and was developed against cytotoxic drug-induced emesis. Pancopride was studied in clinical trials in patients treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy. It was found a combination of Pancopride with dexamethasone was the most effective against chemotherapy-induced vomiting. However, information about the further development of this drug is not available.

Liarozole is an imidazole-containing compound that inhibits the cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolism of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA). Liarozole, a retinoic acid (RA) metabolism-blocking agent (RAMBA) in clinical development, has been granted orphan drug designation for congenital ichthyosis by the European Commission and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Later, based on the mixed results from a phase II/III trial of liarozole for the treatment of ichthyosis, Barrier decided to discontinue the development of liarozole. Liarozole displays antitumor activity against androgen-dependent and independent rat prostate carcinomas.A large phase III international study was completed comparing liarozole 300 mg twice daily with cyproterone acetate (CPA) 100 mg twice daily in a total of 321 patients with metastatic prostate cancer in relapse after first-line endocrine therapy. The results indicate that liarozole might be a possible treatment option for prostate cancer (PCA) following failure of first-line endocrine therapy.

Liarozole is an imidazole-containing compound that inhibits the cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolism of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA). Liarozole, a retinoic acid (RA) metabolism-blocking agent (RAMBA) in clinical development, has been granted orphan drug designation for congenital ichthyosis by the European Commission and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Later, based on the mixed results from a phase II/III trial of liarozole for the treatment of ichthyosis, Barrier decided to discontinue the development of liarozole. Liarozole displays antitumor activity against androgen-dependent and independent rat prostate carcinomas.A large phase III international study was completed comparing liarozole 300 mg twice daily with cyproterone acetate (CPA) 100 mg twice daily in a total of 321 patients with metastatic prostate cancer in relapse after first-line endocrine therapy. The results indicate that liarozole might be a possible treatment option for prostate cancer (PCA) following failure of first-line endocrine therapy.

GSK1292263 (GSK263) (5-[({1-[3-(1-methylethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-4-piperidinyl}methyl)oxy]-2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]pyridine) is a potent and selective agonist at the rodent and human GPR119 receptors that was discovered at GlaxoSmithKline. It has a pEC50 = 6.8 for human, rat and mouse GPR119 receptors expressed in an in vitro reporter assay, and a pEC50 = 8.5 for the stimulation of GLP-1 secretion from GLUTag cells. Like other GPR119 agonists, GSK1292263 increases glucose-sensitive insulin secretion, improves glucose tolerance and enhances the secretion of gut hormones in normal rats. GSK1292263 has finished Phase II clinical trial for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.

The immunosugar N-9-methoxynonyldeoxynojirimycin (SP-187, UV-4B) is an inhibitor of both glucosidases I and II. In preclinical studies, it displayed inhibition of dengue and influenza virus infection. The compound developed by Emergent BioSolutions and evaluated in phase 1 clinical trials on healthy subjects.

FLUCINDOLE, a cyclindole derivative, is an antipsychotic agent with tricyclic structure.