Pescidic acid is a component of AquaCacteen elixir from organic cactus. AquaCacteen blocks the release of stress markers from sensory nerve cells in the skin and calms irritated skin. Pescidic acid as a part of this elixir acts as an iron chelator, which binds free Fe2+/Fe3+ ions. In skin tissue, Fe2+ is normally bound to ferritin, but UV can decompose this complex leading to the liberation of Fe ions. These ions initiate the formation of OH radicals, thus pescidic acid prevents the formation of ROS by complexing Fe2+. Recent studies showed that the ability of a piscidic acid to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme participated in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, could be useful in the development of new functional foods and pharmaceutical products.

There is no information in the scientific papers related to the biological and pharmacological activity for the 6-epimedroxyprogesterone acetate. It is known, that this compound is an epimer form of medroxyprogesterone acetate.

Cimigenol xyloside is aglycone obtained from Cimicifuga racemosa (Ranunculaceae). Cimigenol xyloside is a transformation product of acetylshengmanol xyloside and 24-O-acetylshengmanol xyloside which are main components of C. dahurica, C. racemosa. In Japan and China, some Cimicifuga spp. are used as antipyretic and analgesic agents in traditional Chinese medicine.

Norethindrone sulfate is a metabolite of the hormonal contraceptive drug, norethindrone.

Pseudotropine (ψ-tropine, or psi-tropine) is an isomer of tropine. Pseudotropine is formed during NADPH-dependent reduction of the 3-carbonyl group of tropinone to a beta-hydroxyl group. Tropinone reductase-II is an enzyme responsible for this transformation. It is known, that tropinone reductase-II is also a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of tropane alkaloids, which include medicinally important compounds such as hyoscyamine (atropine) and cocaine.

Pyrocalciferol acetate is a derivative of pyrocalciferol. The information related to the biological or pharmacological activity of pyrocalciferol acetate is absent.

Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant that also has usefulness as a smoking-cessation aid. Because hydroxybupropion, a major metabolite of bupropion, is believed to contribute to its antidepressant activity, this metabolite may also contribute to the smoking-cessation properties of bupropion. Compared to bupropion hydroxybupropion inhibit norepinephrine (NE) uptake with similar potency. The effects of bupropion and enantiomers of hydroxybupropion on human nAChR subtypes indicate that the (2S,3S) isomer is more potent than the (2S,3R) isomer or racemic bupropion as an antagonist of alpha(4)beta(2) subtypes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). In addition, both isomers of hydroxybupropion possess weaker antagonist activity to the alpha3/beta4 and alpha4/beta4 subtypes of nAChR.

LBC-324 or KALDIL is a theophyllinyl-7 omega-n-propane sulfonate salt of papaverine.

MONTELUKAST, (S)- is a Montelukast impurity A. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and to relieve symptoms of seasonal allergies. Montelukast sodium possesses one chiral carbon center, and a racemic form of montelukast sodium contains equal amounts of the two enantiomeric forms, i.e., the S and R optical isomers. The biologically active form of montelukast sodium is the R stereoisomer. Since the biological activity of the two enantiomers can be different, it is imperative that the amount of the S stereoisomer in the commercial product be controlled to within acceptable limits. The amount of the S optical isomer of montelukast should be lower than 0.15%

Puromycin aminonucleoside is a semi-synthetic derivative of puromycin lacking the methoxyphenylalanyl moiety. Puromycin aminonucleoside is the key intermediate in the synthesis of semi-synthetic analogues of puromycin. It does not inhibit protein synthesis or induce apoptosis but exhibits antitumor properties. Puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrosis is a well-described model of human idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, suppressing expression of integrin expression in cultured glomerular epithelial cells. Puromycin aminonucleoside is used to study human glomerular disease by inducing damage of murine glomerular podocytes and is used to study glomerular function and morphology.