Deoxyguanosine is a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose. It is like guanosine, but with one oxygen atom removed. It is a nucleoside component of DNA. Deoxyguanosine can be converted to 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) due to hydroxyl radical attack at the C8 of guanine. 8-OHdG is a sensitive marker of the DNA damage This damage, if left unrepaired, has been proposed to contribute to mutagenicity and cancer promotion. Deoxyguanosine has long been recognized as a potent cytotoxic agent to cultured mammalian cells. This toxicity or inhibition of DNA synthesis by deoxyguanosine appears to be mediated by deoxyguanosine triphosphate-mediated inhibition of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency is thought to cause T-lymphocyte depletion by accumulation of deoxyguanosine and deoxyguanosine triphosphate, resulting in feedback inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase and hence DNA synthesis. Deoxyguanosine nucleoside analogs are potent antiviral agents.

Triethanolamine myristate is a fatty acid salt. It is used in cosmetics as emulsifier and surfactant. It may promote acne. Triethanolamine myristate was tested as gastrointestinal transit delaying agent. The investigations showed that in 4 out of 5 subjects, the gastric residence time of the pH-telemetering capsule could be prolonged and the renal elimination of riboflavin increased. The increase in renal elimination of riboflavin in the presence of triethanolamine myristate was statistically significant. In dogs, a bilayer tablet consisting of triethanolamine myristate and riboflavin resulted in an absolute bioavailability of 2-3 times greater than the bioavailability of riboflavin alone.

Menaquinone 6 (vitamin K2) is the major isoprenoid quinone found in bacterias. Menaquinone 6 plays an essential role as an electron carrier in the bacterial respiratory chain. Only small amounts of menaquinone 6 can be found in human.

Ethyl glycolate is an important building block for the preparation of medicinal compounds and agrochemicals. It can be used for the synthesis of polymers. When administered to dogs in doses of 12 grams, ethyl glycolate proved to be a toxic agent.

Cedryl acetate is widely used as the aroma in daily chemicals (content less than 20%). It also can be used in food approved by FDA but not more than 1m/kg. It was shown, that cedryl acetate possesses α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Proximadiol was isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber mekongense and leaves of Blumea balsamifera. Compound lacks ativiral and antibacterial activity. Proximadiol was found to inhibit platelet-activating factor receptor binding on platelets at micromolar concentrations.

There is no information related to the biological or pharmacological application of Sodium ferrocyanide decahydrate. It is known, that this substance is used for bleaching, toning, and fixing in photography, and in the petroleum industry, as a removal of mercaptans.

Jasmone is a natural organic compound extracted from the volatile portion of the oil from jasmine flowers. The natural extract contains only the cis form, while the synthetic material is often a mixture containing both forms, with the cis form predominating. Commercially it is used primarily in perfumes and cosmetics. Some studies on rodents had shown that cis-jasmine had a tranquillizing effect on the brain, possibly through the GABA-A receptors response.

Cupric nitrate (Copper(II) nitrate) is an inorganic compound that forms a blue crystalline solid. Copper(II) nitrate finds a variety of applications, the main one being its conversion to copper(II) oxide, which is used as catalyst for a variety of processes in organic chemistry. Its solutions are used in textiles and polishing agents for other metals. Copper nitrates are found in some pyrotechnics. It is often used in school laboratories to demonstrate chemical voltaic cell reactions. Strong oxidizing agent.

Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone is a semi-synthetic glycoside chalcone, which is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of neohesperidin, themain flavanone glycoside of bitter oranges. Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone has wide application in various foods and beverages as a low caloric artificial sweetener. Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone is well tolerated and is not associated with any particular toxicity as a well-known sweetener. No adverse effects were observed at Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone levels of up to 5% of the diet of Wistar rats in embryotoxicity and teratogenicity studies. The mutagenicity of Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone was assessed in different experimental models, and no mutagenic activity was detected. Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone showed outstanding antioxidant and radical scavenging activity