Lynestrenol is a progestogen structurally related to norethisterone; it is used singularly, or as the progestogenic component of oral contraceptives. It is also used in treatments for menstrual disorders. Lynestrenol is typically used as an oral contraceptive, but also for the treatment of menstrual disorders like: Oligo-menorrhea and hypo-menorrhea; Polymenorrhoea; Fibrocystic mastopathy; Endometriosis; Endometrial carcinoma and/or metastases etc. As a synthetic oral progestogen, Lynestrenol has similar effects as that of the natural progesterone hormone. It has a strong progestational effect on the uterine endometrium by transforming the proliferative endometrium into a secretory one. It also inhibits the secretion of gonadotropin, suppresses maturation of follicles in the ovaries and ovulation, and reduces menstrual bleeding. Lynestrenol has minimal estrogenic, androgenic and anabolic effects.

Segesterone acetate (elcometrine), a progestin, is sold in combination with ethinyl estradiol under the brand name Annovera. Annovera is indicated for use by females of reproductive potential to prevent pregnancy. Segesterone acetate acts as an agonist of the progesterone receptor and it doesn’t possess estrogenic, androgenic, antiandrogenic, or antimineralocorticoid activity.

Nafarelin acetate (brand name Synarel) is a synthetic agonist of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) [luteinising hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), which is indicated for management of endometriosis, including pain relief and reduction of endometriotic lesions and for the treatment of central precocious puberty (CPP). Nafarelin has also been used effectively in in vitro fertilisation programmes, and in hirsute women and those with uterine leiomyoma, particularly to induce preoperative fibroid shrinkage. Side effects are related to the low estrogen state and include hot flashes, vaginal dryness, headaches, mood changes, and decreased interest in sex.

Leuprolide acetate is a synthetic nonapeptide analog of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LH-RH). The analog possesses greater potency than the natural hormone. It acts primarily on the anterior pituitary, inducing a transient early rise in gonadotrophin release. With continued use, leuprorelin causes pituitary desensitisation and/or down-regulation, leading to suppressed circulating levels of gonadotrophins and sex hormones. Leuprolide acetate used to treat a wide range of sex hormone-related disorders including advanced prostatic cancer, uterine leiomyomata (fibroids), endometriosis and precocious puberty.

Leuprolide acetate is a synthetic nonapeptide analog of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LH-RH). The analog possesses greater potency than the natural hormone. It acts primarily on the anterior pituitary, inducing a transient early rise in gonadotrophin release. With continued use, leuprorelin causes pituitary desensitisation and/or down-regulation, leading to suppressed circulating levels of gonadotrophins and sex hormones. Leuprolide acetate used to treat a wide range of sex hormone-related disorders including advanced prostatic cancer, uterine leiomyomata (fibroids), endometriosis and precocious puberty.

Norethisterone (INN, BAN), also known as Norethindrone (USAN) (brand names Micronor, AYGESTIN, numerous others) is a synthetic progestational hormone (progestin) with actions similar to those of progesterone but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used for the treatment of secondary amenorrhea, endometriosis, and abnormal uterine bleeding due to hormonal imbalance in the absence of organic pathology, such as submucous fibroids or uterine cancer. AYGESTIN® is not intended, recommended or approved to be used with oncomitant estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women for endometrial protection. Progestins diffuse freely into target cells and bind to the progesterone receptor. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. Once bound to the receptor, progestins slow the frequency of release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus and blunt the pre-ovulatory LH surge. Allergic reaction could be: Itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, trouble breathing.

Norethisterone (INN, BAN), also known as Norethindrone (USAN) (brand names Micronor, AYGESTIN, numerous others) is a synthetic progestational hormone (progestin) with actions similar to those of progesterone but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used for the treatment of secondary amenorrhea, endometriosis, and abnormal uterine bleeding due to hormonal imbalance in the absence of organic pathology, such as submucous fibroids or uterine cancer. AYGESTIN® is not intended, recommended or approved to be used with oncomitant estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women for endometrial protection. Progestins diffuse freely into target cells and bind to the progesterone receptor. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. Once bound to the receptor, progestins slow the frequency of release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus and blunt the pre-ovulatory LH surge. Allergic reaction could be: Itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, trouble breathing.

Asoprisnil (J867) is a novel selective steroid receptor modulator that shows unique pharmacodynamic effects in animal models and humans. Asoprisnil, its major metabolite J912, and other structurally related compounds represent a new class of progesterone receptor (PR) ligands that exhibit partial agonist and antagonist activities in vivo. Asoprisnil demonstrates a high degree of receptor and tissue selectivity, with a high-binding affinity for PR, moderate affinity for glucocorticoid receptor (GR), low affinity for androgen receptor (AR), and no binding affinity for estrogen or mineralocorticoid receptors. This compound was recently in clinical trials for the treatment of uterine fibroids and endometriosis, but those studies were discontinued.

BX 471 is an oral nonpeptide chemokine receptor1 (CCR1) antagonist that was under clinical development with Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals (formerly Bayer Schering Pharma AG and Berlex) for the treatment of various inflammation-related disorders, including endometriosis. The CCR1 antagonist was also thought to have potential application in diagnostic imaging, particularly as an imaging biomarker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Berlex initiated the development of the radiolabelled small molecule CCR1 antagonist, BX 471, for a specific diagnostic test for both early detection and for tracking disease progression following the discovery that the CCR1 protein was found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, and that increased levels of this protein were correlated with advancement of the disease. However, development of the agent for diagnostic imaging appears to have been discontinued. BX 471 was also in development for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and psoriasis; however, development in these indications, as well as multiple myeloma and endometriosis, also appears to have been discontinued. A phase II study of BX 471 in endometriosis had been completed.

Buserelin is a synthetic peptide analog of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist, which stimulates the pituitary gland's gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). Buserelin is used for palliative treatment of prostate cancer, and for treatment of endometriosis. Buserelin is also used for infertility treatment to prepare the pituitary gland before starting treatment with gonadotrophins (FSH and LH) to artificially stimulate ovulation.