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Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT04462666: Phase 2 Interventional Unknown status Gouty Arthritis
(2020)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Trigonelline is a pyridine derivative known to contribute indirectly to the formation of desirable flavor products, including furans, pyrazine, alkyl-pyridines, and pyrroles, during coffee roasting. The amount of trigonelline in arabica is higher than that in robusta green coffee beans, and thus it can be used as a marker compound to distinguish the coffee bean species. During the roasting process of coffee beans, trigonelline changes into N-methylpyridinium and nicotinic acid as its major products, which makes it a useful index of the degree of roasting. The importance of trigonelline in coffee is connected to nutritional aspects. It has been revealed in recent studies that the administration of trigonelline allows diabetic rats to avoid diabetes-related organ damage and live longer, which can make it a potentially strong candidate for industrial application as a pharmacological agent for the treatment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and liver/kidney dysfunctions. In addition, the urinary concentrations of trigonelline and its thermal product N-methylpyridinium of coffee drinkers are higher than those of noncoffee drinkers, which indicates that trigonelline and N-methylpyridinium may have potential as dietary biomarkers that could be used as analytical probes to control compliance in human intervention studies on coffee. Trigonelline has been isolated from many plants: fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum, hence the name), garden peas, hemp seed, oats, potatoes, Stachys species, dahlia, Strophanthus species, and Dichapetalum cymosum. In a randomized cross-over trial, the critical effect of Trigonelline on glucose tolerance has been studied during a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 15 overweight men. Results showed that glucose and insulin concentrations significantly reduced 15minutes after Trigonelline consumption compared with placebo.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT01691534: Phase 2 Interventional Completed Pulmonary Tuberculosis
(2012)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Paeonol (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone) is a major phenolic component of the dried root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews (Paeoniaceae). Paeonol exhibits a wide variety of bioactivities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, immunoregulatory, antihypertensive, anti-hyperglycemic, antibacterial, anti-thrombotic, and antitumor effects. Paeonol inhibits anaphylactic reaction by regulating histamine and TNF-α. Paeonol tablets have been used for the treatment of rheumatic arthritis, fever, headache and neuralgia in Chinese clinics.
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Finrozole is a nonsteroidal competitive aromatase inhibitor that is being evaluated in Phase II trials for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with reduced androgen/estrogen ratio in aging males associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. But this research was discontinued in 2005. In dimethylbenzanthracene-induced rat mammary carcinoma model, Finrozole causes regression of more than 80% of the established tumors. The hormone-dependent mammary tumors are inhibited to a level seen in ovariectomised animals.
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Fostriecin, an antitumor antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pulveraceus, is a strong inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatases type 2A and type 4, and inhibits the catalytic activity of partially purified Topo II (type II topoisomerase) in a non-competitive manner.
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Dofequidar (MS-209), a quinolone-derived sphingomyelin synthase inhibitor that blocks P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein-1, is under development by Schering for the potential treatment of multidrug resistant tumors. MS-209 had been in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of breast cancer and non-small lung cancer. But this research was discontinued in 2004. Detected adverse events are: nausea, vomiting, leukopenia, neutropenia, anorexia, constipation.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. Sep 2018;23:165-170.: Not Applicable Human clinical trial Completed Soft Tissue Neoplasms
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Acridine Orange is a cell-permeant nucleic acid binding dye that emits green fluorescence when bound to double-stranded DNA and red fluorescence when bound to single-stranded DNA or RNA. This unique characteristic makes acridine orange useful for cell-cycle studies. Acridine orange has been widely accepted and used in many different areas, such as epifluorescence microscopy, the assessment of sperm chromatin quality. Acridine orange stain is particularly useful in the rapid screening of normally sterile specimens, and its recommended for the use of fluorescent microscopic detection of microorganisms in direct smears prepared from clinical and nonclinical materials. The staining has to be performed at an acid pH in order to obtain this differential staining effect with bacteria showing orange stain and tissue components yellow to green. Acridine orange can be used in conjunction with ethidium bromide to differentiate between viable, apoptotic and necrotic cells. Additionally, acridine orange may be used on blood samples to cause bacterial DNA to fluoresce, aiding in the clinical diagnosis of bacterial infection once serum and debris have been filtered. Acridine orange can be used in photodynamic Cancer Therapy.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
JNJ-26854165 (Serdemetan), a novel tryptamine derivative, was developed as an activator of p53, and its initially proposed mechanism of action involved preventing the association of HDM2 with the proteasome and thereby stabilizing HDM2 substrates such as p53. Consistent with this proposed mechanism, Serdemetan induced apoptosis in acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemia cell lines and in primary acute leukemia isolates. Serdemetan is currently being evaluated in Phase I clinical trials in patients with non-small cell lung cancer; prostate cancer; solid tumours.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT01794104: Phase 1 Interventional Completed Neoplasm
(2013)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Indotecan (LMP400) is a novel indenoisoquinoline derivative with specific topoisomerase I inhibition activity, developed by Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis National Cancer Institute for cancer treatment. In preclinical studied Indotecan inhibited the cell growth of established mouse pheochromocytoma cell lines and primary human tumor tissue cultures. Low doses of Indotecan decreased the protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α), one of a family of factors studied as potential metastatic drivers in these tumors. In vitro, Indotecan showed an increase in the growth-inhibitory effects in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs that are currently used for the treatment of pheochromocytoma. Recently Indotecan has entered Phase I clinical trials for the treatment of cancer patients at the National Cancer Institute, and definite plans are being formulated to commence Phase II clinical trials.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Hycanthone is a thioxanthene derivative of lucanthone with anti-schistosomal activity and potential antineoplastic activity. It was clinically available for the treatment of human schistosomiasis. Anti-helmintic action relies on its ability to inhibit worm monoamine oxidase and cholinesterases. Hycanthone produced immediate side effects such as hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal disturbances, and was consequently withdrawn. Hycanthone inhibits apurinic endonuclease-1 (APE1) by direct protein binding. Hycanthone was used in the 1980s as antitumor agents, it was pulled out of Phase II trials.
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Vinrosidine (leurosidine) is a leurosine-like alkaloid originally isolated from Vinca rosea Linn. Vinrosidine exerts antitumor activity in animal models.