CLOTIAZEPAM

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C16H15ClN2OS
Molecular Weight	318.821
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CCC1=CC2=C(S1)N(C)C(=O)CN=C2C3=CC=CC=C3Cl

InChI

InChIKey=CHBRHODLKOZEPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C16H15ClN2OS/c1-3-10-8-12-15(11-6-4-5-7-13(11)17)18-9-14(20)19(2)16(12)21-10/h4-8H,3,9H2,1-2H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C16H15ClN2OS
Molecular Weight	318.821
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.aemps.gob.es/cima/pdfs/es/p/55479/55479_p.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18604239

Clotiazepam is a compound of the benzodiazepine class. The drug was developed in Japan and approved for the treatment of insomnia, anxiety and before anesthesia. Clotiazepam was marketed worlwide under different names, however, currently it is available only in South America under the name Neuroval and presumably in Japan. Clotiazepam exerts its action by binding and activating GABA-A receptors.

CNS Activity

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
GABA-A receptor; benzodiazepine site 38 Target ID: CHEMBL2109243 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18604239	Agonist 2752		184.0 nM [EC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Insomnia 111 Sources: https://www.aemps.gob.es/cima/pdfs/es/p/55479/55479_p.pdf	Primary	Approved 8583	DISTENSAN Approved Use Doctors prescribe Distensan for disorders in the sleep rhythm and all forms of insomnia, especially when there are difficulties in falling asleep, either initially or after premature awakening. In most cases only a short-term treatment with Distensan (usually not more than two weeks) is needed. Distensan is also used for the treatment of anxiety, nervous tension, irritability emotional disturbances and before anesthesia (anesthetic premedication).
Anxiety 275 Sources: https://www.aemps.gob.es/cima/pdfs/es/p/55479/55479_p.pdf	Primary	Approved 8583	NEUROVAL Approved Use The treatment of anxiety.
Pain 619 Sources: https://www.aemps.gob.es/cima/pdfs/es/p/55479/55479_p.pdf	Preventing	Approved 8583	DISTENSAN Approved Use Doctors prescribe Distensan for disorders in the sleep rhythm and all forms of insomnia, especially when there are difficulties in falling asleep, either initially or after premature awakening. In most cases only a short-term treatment with Distensan (usually not more than two weeks) is needed. Distensan is also used for the treatment of anxiety, nervous tension, irritability emotional disturbances and before anesthesia (anesthetic premedication).

C_max

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
178.8 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2575522/	5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
383 ng/mL OTHER GOV'T https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/1/300119_1179012F1169_1_071_1F.pdf#page=21	10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED
162 ng/mL OTHER GOV'T https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/1/300119_1179012F1169_1_071_1F.pdf#page=22	5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

AUC

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
528.2 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2575522/	5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
1798 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV'T https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/1/300119_1179012F1169_1_071_1F.pdf#page=21	10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED
494 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV'T https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/1/300119_1179012F1169_1_071_1F.pdf#page=22	5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
4.62 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2575522/	5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
5.3 h OTHER GOV'T https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/1/300119_1179012F1169_1_071_1F.pdf#page=21	10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED
5.4 h OTHER GOV'T https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/1/300119_1179012F1169_1_071_1F.pdf#page=22	5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

F_unbound

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
1% OTHER GOV'T https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/1/300119_1179012F1169_1_071_1F.pdf#page=24 \| https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6125154/			CLOTIAZEPAM plasma	Homo sapiens

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/	Disc. AE: Drowsiness, Drowsiness... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Drowsiness (grade 3, 6.7%) Drowsiness (grade 3, 6.7%) Gait disturbance (grade 3, 6.7%) Dysarthria (grade 3, 6.7%) Gait disturbance (grade 3, 6.7%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Drowsiness	grade 3, 6.7% Disc. AE	100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/
Drowsiness	grade 3, 6.7% Disc. AE	100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/
Dysarthria	grade 3, 6.7% Disc. AE	100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/
Gait disturbance	grade 3, 6.7% Disc. AE	100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/
Gait disturbance	grade 3, 6.7% Disc. AE	100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7957524/

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Development of a list of potentially inappropriate drugs for the korean elderly using the delphi method.	2010-12	21818443
Assessment of the impact of altitude on nasal airflow via expiratory nasal sound spectral analysis.	2010-11	20401663
Assessing the autoantibody levels in relation to disease severity and therapy response in pemphigus patients.	2010-10	21430886
A new species of Tegenaria Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Agelenidae) from Turkey.	2010-07-23	21594119
The prevalence of nutritional anemia in pregnancy in an east Anatolian province, Turkey.	2010-06-10	20537176
Molecular evidence for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus from Turkey.	2010-01	19744685
The first record of Gregarina typographi Fuchs (Protista: Apicomplexa: Gregarinidae) from the European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in Turkey.	2010	21391188
Geo-relationship between cancer cases and the environment by GIS: a case study of Trabzon in Turkey.	2009-12	20049256
Effects of land-use changes on landslides in a landslide-prone area (Ardesen, Rize, NE Turkey).	2009-09	18780152
Inclusion of thienodiazepines in prescription rate of anxiolytics.	2009-06	19566784
Spatiotemporal changes of landscape pattern in response to deforestation in Northeastern Turkey: a case study in Rize.	2009-01	18240002
Benzodiazepine metabolism: an analytical perspective.	2008-10	18855614
Estimating the efficiency of benzodiazepines on GABA(A) receptors comprising gamma1 or gamma2 subunits.	2008-10	18604239
Phobic postural vertigo treated with autogenic training: a case report.	2008-09-30	18826607
Radioactive contamination in lichens collected from Trabzon and Rize in the Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey, and a comparison with that of 1995.	2008-05	18496632
Echocardiographic predictors of severe heart failure symptoms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with sinus rhythm.	2008-02-29	18312670
Determination of radioactivity levels and hazards of soil and sediment samples in Firtina Valley (Rize, Turkey).	2007-11	17719792
Multi-element analysis of pyrite ores using polarized energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.	2007-07	17459714
Imported Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever cases in Istanbul.	2007-06-06	17553137
The past and present day of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa Planch.) breeding in Pazar watershed, Turkey.	2007-04-15	19069913
Localization of telomeres and telomere-associated proteins in telomerase-negative Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	2007	18075778
[Screening of intestinal parasites of children in special day nurseries in the city of Rize].	2007	17918060
[The prevalence of cigarette smoking in the Eastern Black Sea Region].	2007	17602341
Serological survey for viral pathogens in Turkish rodents.	2006-07	17092901
Quantification of clotiazepam in human plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.	2006-04-13	16517222
Pharmacological properties of GABAA receptors containing gamma1 subunits.	2006-02	16272224
Isolation, identification and seasonal distribution of soilborne fungi in tea growing areas of Iyidere-Ikizdere vicinity (Rize-Turkey).	2006	16721881
Diagnostic performance of Triage for benzodiazepines: urine analysis of the dose of therapeutic cases.	2005-09	16168176
Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome p450 isoforms to the metabolism of psychotropic drugs.	2005-09	16141545
Fixed food eruption caused by lactose identified after oral administration of four unrelated drugs.	2005-02	15692494
Anoxybacillus ayderensis sp. nov. and Anoxybacillus kestanbolensis sp. nov.	2004-09	15388701
Thyroid consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power station accident on the Turkish population.	2003-05	12720531
[New species and sympatric relations of the chigger mite species group Talmiensis (Trombiculidae, Neotrombicula)].	2002-03-08	11881135
Clocapramine-related fatality. Postmortem drug levels in multiple psychoactive drug poisoning.	2001-10-15	11587865
[Who is the underdog? The case of tea producers in Rize].	2001	19714922
Bilateral angle closure glaucoma and visual loss precipitated by antidepressant and antianxiety agents in a patient with depression.	2000-08-31	10965252
Clotiazepam-induced acute hepatitis.	1989-09	2572625
Effects of thienodiazepine derivatives on human sleep as compared to those of benzodiazepine derivatives.	1975-10-31	709

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Treatment of anxiety: the usual dose in adults is 1 tablet (10 mg) 1 to 3 times a day for 8-12 weeks. Treatment of insomnia: the usual adult dose is 1 tablet (10 mg) to 2 tablets (20 mg) administered at night, before bedtime. The duration of treatment is usually 2-4 weeks.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 06:54:14 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 06:54:14 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	ZCN055599V
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

RIZE

Preferred Name

English

CLOTIAZEPAM

Official Name

English

CLOTIAZEPAM [MI]

Common Name

English

CLOTIAZEPAM [MART.]

Common Name

English

Clotiazepam [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

5-(O-CHLOROPHENYL)-7-ETHYL-1,3-DIHYDRO-1-METHYL-2H-THIENO(2,3-E)-1,4-DIAZEPIN-2-ONE

Common Name

English

CLOTIAZEPAM [JAN]

Common Name

English

clotiazepam [INN]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NCI_THESAURUS

C1012