| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C14H16N2O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 244.289 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CCOC(=O)C1=CN=CN1[C@H](C)C2=CC=CC=C2
InChI
InChIKey=NPUKDXXFDDZOKR-LLVKDONJSA-N
InChI=1S/C14H16N2O2/c1-3-18-14(17)13-9-15-10-16(13)11(2)12-7-5-4-6-8-12/h4-11H,3H2,1-2H3/t11-/m1/s1
| Molecular Formula | C14H16N2O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 244.289 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
MOL RATIO
1 MOL RATIO (average) |
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Etomidate (AMIDATE®) is an imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It is intended for the induction of general anesthesia by intravenous injection. Etomidate (AMIDATE®) is also indicated for the supplementation of subpotent anesthetic agents, such as nitrous oxide in oxygen, during maintenance of anesthesia for short operative procedures such as dilation and curettage or cervical conization. It also produces a unique toxicity among anesthetic drugs - inhibition of adrenal steroid synthesis that far outlasts its hypnotic action and that may reduce survival of critically ill patients. The major molecular targets mediating anesthetic effects of etomidate (AMIDATE®) in the central nervous system are specific gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor subtypes. The R(+) isomer of etomidate is 10 times more potent than its S(-) isomer at potentiating GABA-A receptor activity.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Sourcing
Sample Use Guides
Etomidate (AMIDATE®) is intended for administration only by the intravenous route. The dose for induction of anesthesia in adult patients will vary between 0.2 and 0.6 mg/kg of body weight, and it must be individualized in each case. The usual dose for induction in these patients is 0.3 mg/kg, injected over a period of 30 to 60 seconds.
Route of Administration:
Intravenous
The effect of etomidate on GABA-A receptor function was studied in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. At a clinically relevant concentration of 4.1 microM, etomidate shifts the GABA dose response to the left (ED50 shift from 10.2 to 5.2 microM), with no change in the maximum current evoked by saturating concentrations of GABA. At a higher concentration of 82 microM, etomidate directly induces current in the absence of GABA. Analysis of single channels opened by GABA indicates that 8.2 microM etomidate increases the probability of channels being open 13-fold and increases the effective channel open time two-fold.
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