Scandium is a soft, silvery transition element which occurs in rare minerals from Scandinavia. It develops a slightly yellowish or pinkish cast when exposed to air.Scandium is one of the rare chemicals, that can be found in houses in equipment such as colour televisions, fluorescent lamps, energy-saving lamps and glasses. The use of scandium is still growing, due to the fact that it is suited to produce catalysers and to polish glass. The main application by volume is in aluminium-scandium alloys for the aerospace industry and for sports equipment (bikes, baseball bats, etc.) which rely on high performance materials. It has been shown to reduce solidification cracking during the welding of high strength aluminium alloys. Certain isotopes of Scandium is used in cancer treatments. Scandium possesses two radionuclides emitting b+ radiations (44Sc or 43Sc) that become appropriate candidates in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/ CT) diagnosis, due to the half-life of around 4 h and decay to the nontoxic Ca. For both radionuclides, the half-life is compatible with the pharmacokinetics of a fairly wide range of targeting vectors (such as peptides, antibodies, antibody fragments, and oligonucleotides). The validity, usefulness, and advantages of 44Sc have been demonstrated by examples featuring 44Sc-radiolabeled targeting vectors, including 44Sc-radiopharmaceuticals very recently used in patients. Finally, 47Sc is a low energy bemitter which is suitable for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and planar imaging. 47Sc can be also used for targeted radionuclide therapy, opens the field of Sc-based vectors from diagnosis to therapy, and gives a great opportunity for dosimetric calculations and for the development of personalized medicine. 46Sc is used in isotope-carrying antibodies for bonding with tumor associated cell surface antigens (substances that causes the production of an antibody when introduced into the body, e.g., toxins, bacteria, and viruses). 46Sc is added to DTPA-derivatized (process by which a compound is chemically changed, producing a new compound that has properties more amenable to a particular analytical method) monoclonal antibodies and has been shown to target tumor cells, specifically in vivo,where it accumulates to high levels in the tumor.