GOLD MONOSODIUM THIOMALATE

Details

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Molecular Formula	C4H4O4S.Au.Na
Molecular Weight	368.093
Optical Activity	( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[Na+].[Au+].[O-]C(=O)CC(S)C([O-])=O

InChI

InChIKey=LTEMOXGFFHXNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L

InChI=1S/C4H6O4S.Au.Na/c5-3(6)1-2(9)4(7)8;;/h2,9H,1H2,(H,5,6)(H,7,8);;/q;2*+1/p-2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C4H4O4S
Molecular Weight	148.137
Charge	-2
Count

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	( + / - )

Molecular Formula	Au
Molecular Weight	196.9666
Charge	1
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	Na
Molecular Weight	22.9898
Charge	1
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/archives/fdaDrugInfo.cfm?archiveid=235975 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25314295

Sodium aurothiomalate (also known as gold sodium thiomalate) is a gold compound that is used for its immunosuppressive anti-rheumatic effects. It was indicated in the treatment of selected cases of active rheumatoid arthritis—both adult and juvenile type. The greatest benefit occurs in the early active stage. In late stages of the illness when cartilage and bone damage have occurred, gold can only check the progression of rheumatoid arthritis and prevent further structural damage to joints. It cannot repair damage caused by previously active disease. Gold Sodium Thiomalate should be used only as one part of a complete program of therapy; alone it is not a complete treatment. The mode of action is unknown, but was found, that aurothiomalate is able to inhibit Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1 expression. mPGES-1 is a terminal enzyme in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its expression is upregulated during inflammation. mPGES-1 is considered as a potential drug target for the treatment of arthritis to reduce adverse effects related to the current non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Prostaglandin E synthase 9 Target ID: CHEMBL5658 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25314295	Inhibitor 8297

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Rheumatoid arthritis 316 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/archives/fdaDrugInfo.cfm?archiveid=235975	Primary		Not Provided 504	MYOCHRYSINE Approved Use Gold Sodium Thiomalate is indicated in the treatment of selected cases of active rheumatoid arthritis—both adult and juvenile type. The greatest benefit occurs in the early active stage. In late stages of the illness when cartilage and bone damage have occurred, gold can only check the progression of rheumatoid arthritis and prevent further structural damage to joints. It cannot repair damage caused by previously active disease. Gold Sodium Thiomalate should be used only as one part of a complete program of therapy; alone it is not a complete treatment.
Tuberculosis 83 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15011812	Palliative		Not Provided 504	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Phase I dose escalation study of the PKCι inhibitor aurothiomalate for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer.	2013 Nov	23962904
Effects of aurothiomalate treatment on canine osteosarcoma in a murine xenograft model.	2014 Mar	24304691
Aurothiomalate inhibits the expression of mPGES-1 in primary human chondrocytes.	2015	25314295
Reactions of model proteins with aurothiomalate, a clinically established gold(I) drug: The comparison with auranofin.	2015 Aug	25865000

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Weekly Injections: 1st injection 10 mg; 2nd injection 25 mg; 3rd and sub sequent injections, 25 to 50 mg until there is toxicity or major clinical improvement, or, in the absence of either of these, the cumulative dose of Gold Sodium Thiomalate reaches one gram. Gold Sodium Thiomalate is continued until the cumulative dose reaches one gram unless toxicity or major clinical improvement occurs. If significant clinical improvement occurs before a cumulative dose of one gram has been administered, the dose may be decreased or the interval between injections increased as with maintenance therapy. Maintenance doses of 25 to 50 mg every other week for two to 20 weeks are recommended. If the clinical course remains stable, injections of 25 to 50 mg may be given every third and subsequently every fourth week indefinitely. Some patients may require maintenance treatment at intervals of one to three weeks. Should the arthritis exacerbate during maintenance therapy, weekly injections may be resumed temporarily until disease activity is suppressed.

Route of Administration: Intramuscular

In Vitro Use Guide

mPGES-1 expression in primary human chondrocytes was enhanced when the cells were exposed to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and mPGES-1 protein levels continued to increase up to the 96-h follow-up. The effect of aurothiomalate on mPGES-1 mRNA expression was dose-dependent (at concentration of Aurothiomalate: 2.5-50 uM) and was shown by a reduction in mPGES-1 protein levels (at 25 uM Aurothiomalate) and PGE2 production (at concentration of Aurothiomalate: 2.5-25 uM).

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 17:15:05 UTC 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 17:15:05 UTC 2023`
Record UNII	Y7PRJ945AW
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

GOLD MONOSODIUM THIOMALATE

Systematic Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

FDA UNII

Y7PRJ945AW

Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:15:05 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:15:05 UTC 2023

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PUBCHEM

9548865