Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C23H16O11 |
Molecular Weight | 468.3665 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC(COC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(O2)C(O)=O)COC3=CC=CC4=C3C(=O)C=C(O4)C(O)=O
InChI
InChIKey=IMZMKUWMOSJXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C23H16O11/c24-11(9-31-14-3-1-5-16-20(14)12(25)7-18(33-16)22(27)28)10-32-15-4-2-6-17-21(15)13(26)8-19(34-17)23(29)30/h1-8,11,24H,9-10H2,(H,27,28)(H,29,30)
Molecular Formula | C23H16O11 |
Molecular Weight | 468.3665 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
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Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionSources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/anda/2000/75-271_Cromolyn%20Sodium_prntlbl.pdfhttps://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/18887slr020_intal_lbl.pdfCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/090954s000lbl.pdf |http://www.rxlist.com/crolom-drug.htm | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8809432
Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/anda/2000/75-271_Cromolyn%20Sodium_prntlbl.pdfhttps://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/18887slr020_intal_lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/090954s000lbl.pdf |http://www.rxlist.com/crolom-drug.htm | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8809432
Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that cromolyn sodium inhibits the degranulation of sensitized mast cells, which occurs after exposure to specific antigens. Cromolyn sodium acts by inhibiting the release of histamine and SRS-A (slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis) from the mast cell. Cromolyn is indicated in the management of patients with mastocytosis, prophylaxis (long-term control) of bronchial asthma, prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm, prevention and treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis The most frequently reported adverse reactions attributed to cromolyn sodium treatment were: throat irritation or dryness, bad taste, cough, wheeze, nausea.
CNS Activity
Sources: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19004805https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8809432
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: CHEMBL1293267 |
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Target ID: Chloride channels Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1280136 |
19.0 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: GO:0070509 |
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Target ID: GO:0045576 Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12396022 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Primary | CROMOLYN SODIUM Approved UseGASTROCROM is indicated in the management of patients with mastocytosis. Use of this product has been associated with improvement in diarrhea, flushing, headaches, vomiting, urticaria, abdominal pain, nausea, and itching in some patients. Launch Date1994 |
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Preventing | CROMOLYN SODIUM Approved UseCromolyn sodium is a prophylactic agent indicated in the management of patients with bronchial
asthma. Launch Date1994 |
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Palliative | CROMOLYN SODIUM Approved UseCromolyn sodium is used to prevent and relieve nasal symptoms of hay fever and other nasal allergies. Launch Date1994 |
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Primary | CROMOLYN SODIUM Approved UseCromolyn sodium ophthalmic solution is indicated in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis. Launch Date1994 |
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Preventing | CROMOLYN SODIUM Approved UseTo help prevent asthma attacks. Launch Date1994 |
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Preventing | NASALCROM Approved UseTo prevent and relieve nasal symptoms of hay fever and other nasal allergies Launch Date1997 |
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Palliative | OPTREX Approved UseOptrex is used for the prevention and treatment of eye allergies. |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
46.69 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28856569/ |
17.1 mg single, respiratory dose: 17.1 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: IBUPROFEN |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
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96.75 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28856569/ |
34.2 mg single, respiratory dose: 34.2 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: IBUPROFEN |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
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0.24 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28856569/ |
17.1 mg single, respiratory dose: 17.1 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: IBUPROFEN |
CROMOLYN cerebrospinal fluid | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
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0.34 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28856569/ |
34.2 mg single, respiratory dose: 34.2 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: IBUPROFEN |
CROMOLYN cerebrospinal fluid | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
156 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32944204/ |
40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
236 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32944204/ |
80 mg single, oral dose: 80 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
338 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32944204/ |
40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
526 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32944204/ |
80 mg single, oral dose: 80 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.8 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28856569/ |
17.1 mg single, respiratory dose: 17.1 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: IBUPROFEN |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1.8 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28856569/ |
34.2 mg single, respiratory dose: 34.2 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: IBUPROFEN |
CROMOLYN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
62.4 mg 1 times / day multiple, intranasal Dose: 62.4 mg, 1 times / day Route: intranasal Route: multiple Dose: 62.4 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 25 years (range: 5-51 years) Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 25 years (range: 5-51 years) Sex: M+F Sources: |
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200 mg 4 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 200 mg, 4 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 4 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
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2 % multiple, ophthalmic |
unhealthy, adult |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
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Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://pdf.hres.ca/dpd_pm/00015714.PDF#page=2 Page: 2.0 |
no |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Pro-drugs for the oral delivery of disodium cromoglycate. | 1988 Jan |
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[Effects of orally available prodrug of cromoglycic acid on collagen-induced arthritis mice]. | 1999 Oct |
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Relative lung bioavailability of generic sodium cromoglycate inhalers used with and without a spacer device. | 2001 |
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Ultrasonic nebulization system for respiratory drug delivery. | 2001 |
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The major role of peripheral release of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in formalin-induced nociception. | 2001 |
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Comparative functional characterization of mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells and peritoneal mast cells in response to non-immunological stimuli. | 2001 Apr |
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Pyrazolopyrimidines: synthesis, effect on histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells and cytotoxic activity. | 2001 Apr |
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Sodium cromoglycate in childhood asthma. | 2001 Apr |
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Mechanism of airway hyperresponsiveness to adenosine induced by allergen challenge in actively sensitized Brown Norway rats. | 2001 Apr |
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Cromolyn sodium suppresses eosinophilic inflammation in patients with aspirin-intolerant asthma. | 2001 Aug |
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Asthma symptoms, morbidity, and antiinflammatory use in inner-city children. | 2001 Aug |
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Deleterious effects of IL-9-activated mast cells and neuroprotection by antihistamine drugs in the developing mouse brain. | 2001 Aug |
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Adenosine-mediated mast cell degranulation in adenosine deaminase-deficient mice. | 2001 Aug |
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[Inhalation therapy]. | 2001 Dec |
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Determination of sodium cromoglycate in human plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the turbo ion spray mode. | 2001 Dec 25 |
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Cromolyn cream for recalcitrant idiopathic vulvar vestibulitis: results of a placebo controlled study. | 2001 Feb |
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Nedocromil sodium versus sodium cromoglycate in treatment of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction: a systematic review. | 2001 Jan |
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Inhaled sodium cromoglycate. | 2001 Jul |
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A novel pharmacologic action of glucocorticosteroids on leukotriene C4 catabolism. | 2001 Jul |
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Sodium cromoglycate in the management of chronic or recurrent enterocolitis in patients with Hirschsprung's disease. | 2001 Jul |
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[Exercise-induced asthma. The spray belongs in the "athletic shoe"]. | 2001 Jul 19 |
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The efficacy and safety of asthma medications during pregnancy. | 2001 Jun |
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Role of mast cells in antigen-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in rats. | 2001 Mar |
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[Preventive monotherapy with montelukast versus DNCG in children with mild asthma. Results of and exploratory pilot study]. | 2001 May |
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Effect of specific immunotherapy versus loratadine on serum adhesion molecules. | 2001 Oct |
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Antiallergic/antiasthmatic effect of novel antiallergic hexapeptide-95/220 in various experimental models. | 2001 Sep |
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[Sodium cromoglycate in the treatment of food hypersensitivity in children under 3 years of age]. | 2001 Sep |
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The importance of control in asthma management: do leukotriene receptor antagonists meet patient and physician needs? | 2001 Sep-Oct |
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Metering performance of several metered-dose inhalers with different spacers/holding chambers. | 2001 Winter |
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Interaction of S100 proteins with the antiallergic drugs, olopatadine, amlexanox, and cromolyn: identification of putative drug binding sites on S100A1 protein. | 2002 Apr 12 |
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In vitro deposition of the respirable fraction of dry powder inhalations determined by laser diffractometry and inertial impaction. | 2002 Aug |
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Efficacy and safety of inhaled steroid and cromone treatment in school-age children: a randomized pragmatic pilot study. | 2002 Feb |
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Medical management of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. | 2002 Feb |
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Improved strategies and new treatment options for allergic rhinitis. | 2002 Jun |
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(S)nifty treatment for pollen allergies. | 2002 Jun |
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Balancing safety and efficacy in the treatment of pediatric asthma. | 2002 Jun |
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Generalized bullae in an infant. | 2002 Jun |
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The effect of disodium cromoglycate, budesonide, and cyclosporin A on interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-13 secretions in Der p I-stimulated T cells from house dust mite-sensitive atopic and nonatopic individuals. | 2002 Mar-Apr |
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Perinatal immunomodulation. | 2002 May |
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Floating a metered-dose inhaler is not an accurate measure of remaining medicine. | 2002 May |
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Relative lung and systemic bioavailability of sodium cromoglycate inhaled products using urinary drug excretion post inhalation. | 2002 May |
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Nebulized budesonide inhalation suspension compared with cromolyn sodium nebulizer solution for asthma in young children: results of a randomized outcomes trial. | 2002 May |
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Long-term management of asthma in children: effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids compared to other medications. | 2002 Nov |
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Inhalation and deposition of nebulized sodium cromoglycate in two different particle size distributions in children with asthma. | 2002 Nov |
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A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of olopatadine hydrochloride 0.1% ophthalmic solution and cromolyn sodium 2% ophthalmic solution in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. | 2002 Oct |
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Mast cells as a target of rheumatoid arthritis treatment. | 2002 Sep |
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[Enhancing effects of ion-pair complexes on skin permeation of cromolyn in vitro]. | 2002 Sep |
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Mast cells mediate the microvascular inflammatory response to systemic hypoxia. | 2003 Jan |
Sample Use Guides
Two metered inhalations four times daily at regular intervals (asthma).
Route of Administration:
Respiratory
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1375128
Cromoglycate (the active component of cromoglicate lisetil) significantly inhibits histamine release from lung and tonsillar mast cells at 1000 uM.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Wed Apr 02 09:23:48 GMT 2025
by
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on
Wed Apr 02 09:23:48 GMT 2025
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Record UNII |
Y0TK0FS77W
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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WHO-ATC |
R01AC01
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R01AC51
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29714
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QS01GX01
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A07EB01
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D11AH03
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QR01AC01
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QA07EB01
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QD11AH03
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LIVERTOX |
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S01GX51
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
602817
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WHO-ATC |
R03BC01
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WHO-VATC |
QR03BC01
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Cromolyn
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TARGET->STABILIZER |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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PRODRUG -> METABOLITE ACTIVE |
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ACTIVE MOIETY |
inhibit mast cells-mediated adverse effects on brain pathology and neuronal loss as well as interfere with A? oligomerization and accumulation.
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