Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C20H23NO |
Molecular Weight | 293.4027 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
C[N+](C)([O-])CCC=C1C2=C(CCC3=C1C=CC=C3)C=CC=C2
InChI
InChIKey=ZPMKQFOGINQDAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C20H23NO/c1-21(2,22)15-7-12-20-18-10-5-3-8-16(18)13-14-17-9-4-6-11-19(17)20/h3-6,8-12H,7,13-15H2,1-2H3
Molecular Formula | C20H23NO |
Molecular Weight | 293.4027 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Amitriptylinoxide (amitriptyline N-oxide, Amioxid, Ambivalon) is a tricyclic antidepressant, which was introduced in Europe in the 1970s for the treatment of depression. Amitriptylinoxide (AMINO) produces similar effects to the drug Amitriptyline (AMI), which makes sense because it is a metabolite of Amitriptyline. AMINO and AMI potentiate the depletion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) induced by p-chloroamphetamine in the rat brain and it may be considered as evidence that both drugs do not inhibit 5-HT uptake in vivo. Neither AMINO nor AMI affects the rat brain level of 5-HT but at higher doses they elevate the 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid concentrations. AMINO antagonizes the head twitch reaction induced by 5-hydroxytryptophan in mice and tryptamine convulsions in rats. The hyperthermia induced by fenfluramine (in rats at a high ambient temperature) as well as the stimulation of the hind limb flexor reflex in spinal rats, induced by fenfluramine or LSD, are also inhibited. AMINO antagonizes the 5-HT-induced increase in blood pressure in pithed rats. All the above effects are similar to those induced by AMI, only the active doses of AMINO are higher. The results presented indicate that AMINO, like AMI, inhibits NA uptake and is a 5-HT antagonist. Amitriptylinoxide is considered to work more quickly with fewer side effects than Amitriptyline and is regarded as being equal in terms of efficacy. The way the drug works is nearly identical to Amitriptyline, except it affects the Alpha-1 receptors to a significantly lesser extent (60x less) and has among the weakest effects on acetylcholine receptors. Half maximal inhibition of acetylcholine receptor binding occurred for amitriptylinoxide at 18 mumol/l (amitriptyline: 0.32 mumol/l). Comparing all studied antidepressants for muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binding, amitriptylinoxide had the weakest affinity of all tested tricyclic compounds. Also the affinity of amitriptylinoxide for alpha-receptor binding was about 60 fold less than that of amitriptyline. For all antidepressants investigated, the lowest affinities were found for benzodiazepine, opiate and beta-receptor binding. The weak affinities of amitriptylinoxide for various receptors may be responsible for its reduced side-effects, while it still retains potent antidepressant properties by stabilising the amitriptyline-level in the brain.
CNS Activity
Approval Year
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
[Polygraphic sleep recordings in patients with endogenous depression before and after treatment with amitriptyline-N-oxide (author's transl)]. | 1976 |
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The metabolic fate of amitriptyline, nortriptyline and amitriptylinoxide in man. | 2004 Oct |
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Tricyclic antidepressants and headaches: systematic review and meta-analysis. | 2010 Oct 20 |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023050
Eleven healthy volunteers were examined in a pharmacokinetic study. After oral administration of 50 mg amitriptylinoxide or 50 mg amitriptyline the plasma levels of amitriptylinoxide and its main metabolites amitriptyline and nortriptyline were investigated over 24 hours.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10554658
Amitriptyline, doxepine and clozapine inhibited
the release of [3H]-ACh in rat caudatoputamen in a concentration dependent manner. The effects were significant at concentrations of 10 umol/l. Also amitriptylinoxide showed a concentration dependent inhibition, but significance was obtained only at a concentration of 100 umol/l.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Sat Dec 16 16:16:49 GMT 2023
by
admin
on
Sat Dec 16 16:16:49 GMT 2023
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Record UNII |
TYR2U59WMA
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C265
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181
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236734
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DTXSID50195758
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m1754
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610-112-7
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100000087423
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AMITRIPTYLINOXIDE
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20313
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CHEMBL627
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C72698
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SUB05463MIG
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4317-14-0
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DB13114
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TYR2U59WMA
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C006566
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3926
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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SOLVATE->ANHYDROUS |
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
UNSPECIFIED
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ACTIVE MOIETY |