GENTAMICIN

Description
Sources: https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00798http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00798 https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=ca625340-377b-4256-92e2-d62471a8d852

Gentamicin is an antibiotic of the aminoglycoside group, is derived by the growth of Micromonospora purpurea, an actinomycete. Gentamicin is a complex of three different closely related aminoglycoside sulfates, Gentamicins C1, C2, and C1a. Gentamicin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, but may cause ear and kidney damage. Gentamicin binds to the prokaryotic ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria. It is bactericidal in vitro against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Adverse reactions include adverse renal effects, neurotoxicity (dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, roaring in the ears, hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy or encephalopathy), respiratory depression, lethargy, confusion, depression, visual disturbances, etc.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
Escherichia coli 82 Target ID: CHEMBL354 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20970332	Inhibitor 8504
Staphylococcus aureus 70 Target ID: CHEMBL352 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20970332	Inhibitor 8504
30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome 4 Target ID: 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome Sources: https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00798 \| http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?D08013	Binding Agent 1076
Ribosomal RNA A-site 6 Target ID: CHEMBL614640 Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9822590	Binding Agent 1076	2.0 µM [Kd]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection 5 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Infection caused by Proteus species 4 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Escherichia coli infections 15 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Infection caused by Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia species 6 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Infection caused by Citrobacter species 6 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Infection caused by Staphylococcus species 6 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Infection caused by Citrobacter species 6 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Infections caused by Staphylococcus species 4 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970
Escherichia coli infections 15 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/062366s033lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	GARAMYCIN Approved Use Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. Launch Date 1970

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Aminoglycoside suppression of nonsense mutations in severe hemophilia.	2005-11-01	16051741
Gentamicin induces Jun-AP1 expression and JNK activation in renal glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells.	2005-09-16	15936777
[Expression of heat shock protein 70 mRNA in guinea pig cochlea with ototoxicity of gentamicin].	2005-06-25	15968427
Aminoglycosides induce acute cell signaling and chronic cell death in renal cells that express the calcium-sensing receptor.	2005-05	15800129
Nociceptor and hair cell transducer properties of TRPA1, a channel for pain and hearing.	2005-04-20	15843607
Pyomyositis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.	2005-04-07	15814887
Efficacy of a non-vancomycin-based peritoneal dialysis peritonitis protocol.	2005-04	15877673
Role of the renin-angiotensin system on the parathyroid hormone-related protein overexpression induced by nephrotoxic acute renal failure in the rat.	2005-04	15728788
Protective effect of L-arginine intake on the impaired renal vascular responses in the gentamicin-treated rats.	2005	15795518
Correction of ATM gene function by aminoglycoside-induced read-through of premature termination codons.	2004-11-02	15498871
Delayed diagnosis of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus mitis endocarditis following single-dose amoxicillin prophylaxis in a child.	2004-10	15494887
Treatment of urinary tract infections among febrile young children with daily intravenous antibiotic therapy at a day treatment center.	2004-10	15466073
In vivo efficacy of linezolid in combination with gentamicin for the treatment of experimental endocarditis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.	2004-10	15380267
Early gene expression in the organ of Corti exposed to gentamicin.	2004-09	15350274
Effects of some antibiotics on human erythrocyte 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: an in vitro and in vivo study.	2004-08	15558954
Efficacy of the combination ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in the treatment of a case of enterococcal endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis highly resistant to gentamicin: efficacy of the "ex vivo" synergism method.	2004-08	15332717
Influence of spironolactone treatment on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.	2004-07	15245572
Altered NMDA receptor expression in renal toxicity: Protection with a receptor antagonist.	2004-07	15200423
Gentamicin treatment induces simultaneous mesangial proliferation and apoptosis in rats.	2004-06	15149329
Hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic potentials of Hoechst(low)/side population cells isolated from adult rat kidney.	2004-05	15086898
Deficiency of polycystin-2 reduces Ca2+ channel activity and cell proliferation in ADPKD lymphoblastoid cells.	2004-05	15001556
alpha-L-iduronidase premature stop codons and potential read-through in mucopolysaccharidosis type I patients.	2004-04-30	15081804
Plasma protein extravasation and vascular endothelial growth factor expression with endothelial nitric oxide synthase induction in gentamicin-induced acute renal failure in rats.	2004-04	14986132
Absence of dystrophin in mice reduces NO-dependent vascular function and vascular density: total recovery after a treatment with the aminoglycoside gentamicin.	2004-04	14751810
Identification of putative gene based markers of renal toxicity.	2004-03	15033597
Evaluation of factors to decrease bioavailability of cyclosporin A in rats with gentamicin-induced acute renal failure.	2004-03	14993807
Effect of tempol (4-hydroxy tempo) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.	2004-02	14748758
Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB activation attenuates tubulointerstitial nephritis induced by gentamicin.	2004	15627798
Gentamicin-induced correction of CFTR function in patients with cystic fibrosis and CFTR stop mutations.	2003-10-09	14534336
Intratympanic gentamicin for intractable Meniere's disease: 5-year follow-up.	2003-10	14974857
Hearing loss after intratympanic gentamicin therapy for unilateral Ménière's Disease.	2003-09	14501459
Protective effects of glycyrrhizin on gentamicin-induced acute renal failure in rats.	2003-09	12969435
Classification and rescue of ROMK mutations underlying hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome.	2003-09	12911542
Diallyl disulfide ameliorates gentamicin-induced oxidative stress and nephropathy in rats.	2003-07-18	12877940
Acute renal failure and cystic fibrosis.	2003-07	12818927
Gentamicin administration in Duchenne patients with premature stop codon. Preliminary results.	2003-05	12966700
Protective effect of Pongamia pinnata flowers against cisplatin and gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats.	2003-01	15267137
Small molecules that selectively block RNA binding of HIV-1 Rev protein inhibit Rev function and viral production.	1993-09-24	8402886
Detection of uremic peaks in dogs by anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography.	1992-10	1420578
Gentamicin-induced hypercalciuria in the rat: assessment of nephron site involved.	1992-10	1403791
Changes in concentration of essential metals in kidneys and urine as indices of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in female Wistar rats.	1992-09	1438039
Chrononephrotoxicity in rat of a vancomycin and gentamicin combination.	1992-07	1355906
Calcium supplementation and thyroid hormone protect against gentamicin-induced inhibition of proximal tubular Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity and other renal functional changes.	1992-06	1322021
Effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the auditory brainstem response and post rotatory nystagmus in rats.	1992-05	1526361
An investigation of the acute effect of gentamicin on the renal handling of electrolytes in the rat.	1992-04	1560382
Sense of smell after gentamicin nose-drops.	1992-02-01	1346326
Effects of desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) plus saline drinking on gentamicin-mediated nephropathy in rats.	1992	1462001
Comparison of methods for prediction of nephrotoxicity during development.	1992	1340440
Reactive oxygen metabolites in toxic acute renal failure.	1992	1324513
[The intratympanic treatment of Menière's disease with ototoxic antibiotics. A follow-up study of 55 cases (author's transl)].	1977-05	141554

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Adults: 3 mg/kg/day Adult patients with life-threatening infections: 5 mg/kg/day Children: 6 to 7.5 mg/kg/day Infants and Neonates: 7.5 mg/kg/day Premature or Full-Term Neonates One Week of Age or Less: 5 mg/kg/day For patients with life-threatening infections, dosages up to 5 mg/kg/day may be administered in three or four equal doses. The dosage should be reduced to 3 mg/kg/day as soon as clinically indicated

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

Gentamicin C1 demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC 0.25ug/ml

Substance Class	Mixture Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:21:06 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:21:06 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	T6Z9V48IKG
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
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Name

Type

Language

GENTAMICIN [HSDB]

Preferred Name

English

GENTAMICIN

Official Name

English

GENTAMICIN [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Gentamicin [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

SEPTIGEN

Common Name

English

GENTAMICIN [MI]

Common Name

English

LYRAMYCIN

Common Name

English

gentamicin [INN]

Common Name

English

GENTAMYCIN

Common Name

English

OKSITSELANIM

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-VATC

QS03AA06