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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula N2
Molecular Weight 28.0134
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of Nitrogen

SMILES

N#N

InChI

InChIKey=IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/N2/c1-2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula N2
Molecular Weight 28.0134
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions, constituting 78% by volume of Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen occurs in all living organisms. It is a constituent element of amino acids and therefore of proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Nitrogen is found in the chemical structure of almost all neurotransmitters and is a key component of alkaloids. Specific bacteria (e. g. Rhizobium trifolium) possess nitrogenase enzymes which can fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form (ammonium ion) which is chemically useful to higher organisms. Animals use nitrogen-containing amino acids from plant sources, as starting materials for all nitrogen-compound animal biochemistry, including the manufacture of proteins and nucleic acids. Animal metabolism of NO (nitric oxide) results in production of nitrite. Animal metabolism of nitrogen in proteins generally results in excretion of urea, while animal metabolism of nucleic acids results in excretion of urea and uric acid. The characteristic odor of animal flesh decay is caused by nitrogen-containing long-chain amines, such as putrescine and cadaverine. Decay of organisms and their waste products may produce small amounts of nitrate, but most decay eventually returns nitrogen content to the atmosphere, as molecular nitrogen. The circulation of nitrogen from the atmosphere through organics and then back to the atmosphere is commonly referred to as the nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen can be measured in urine with the Kjeldahl method or by spectrophotometric methods (enzymic tests). Total urinary nitrogen is calculated based on urea urinary nitrogen quantified with these methods. Liquid nitrogen (E941) is widely used in food industry as a freezing agent and as a protection against the impact of microorganisms. Nitrogen (E941) extends the period of validity of food and maintains its nutrients and is also used for packing products. In other fields of industry, nitrogen (E941) is useful in suppressing the combustion processes and in creating protective environment in order to avoid oxidation. Medical nitrogen has various medical uses, especially in liquid form when it provides temperatures as low as -196° C. Applications of medical nitrogen in the healthcare environment may include the following: * In cryopreservation for the long-term preservation of blood, blood components, other cells, body fluids or tissue samples. * In cryosurgery for minor surgical procedures in dermatology. * As a component in many gas mixtures. * As a displacement medium for sterile equipment, a non-oxidising displacement medium in pharmaceutical vials and as a propellant in pressurised aerosol dispensers. * As a source of pneumatic pressure to power gas-operated medical devices. * As a coolant for carbon dioxide surgical lasers.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: As early as 1826, divers diving to great depths noted that descent often resulted in a phenomenon of intoxication and euphoria. In 1935, Albert Behnke discovered nitrogen as the cause of this clinical syndrome, a condition now known as nitrogen narcosis. Nitrogen narcosis consists of the development of euphoria, a false sense of security, and impaired judgment upon underwater descent using compressed air below 3-4 atmospheres (99 to 132 feet). At greater depths, symptoms can progress to loss of consciousness.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Palliative
AIRAPY

Approved Use

In hospitals, medicinal air is used mainly for ventilation and aerosol therapy and during anaesthesia: - When treating respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD, an effective way of delivering drug treatment is to direct it straight to the lungs by inhalation. Nebulisers are used to administer inhaled medication to patients who cannot use conventional inhalers. Medicinal air may be used to drive the drug treatment air to the nebuliser where liquid medication is converted to a mist that can be inhaled. - Medicinal air is used as a carrier gas for narcotic substances in inhalational anaesthesia. It may also be used with nitric oxide as a substitute for supplemental oxygen to reduce the high concentration of oxygen exposure. - Some patients are dependent on a reliable, high quality supply of medicinal air to protect their delicate and sensitive respiratory systems.
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Cardiac rate and rhythm in mice affected by haloalkane propellants.
1972 Nov 13
Nitrous oxide reductase from denitrifying Pseudomonas perfectomarina. Purification and properties of a novel multicopper enzyme.
1985 Dec 16
Skin debris and micro-organisms on the periwound skin of pressure ulcers and the influence of periwound cleansing on microbial flora.
2005 Jan
Molecular mechanism of anaerobic ammonium oxidation.
2011 Oct 2
Effects of nitrogen-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes compared to pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes on human small airway epithelial cells.
2015 Jul 3
Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vitro Use Guide
Unknown
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
Record UNII
N762921K75
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Related Record Type
Name Type Language
Nitrogen
EP   FCC   HSDB   II   INCI   MART.   MI   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INCI  
Official Name English
NITROGEN [MI]
Common Name English
NITROGEN [II]
Common Name English
E-941
Code English
NITROGEN [FCC]
Common Name English
NITROGEN [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
NITROGEN [GREEN BOOK]
Common Name English
NITROGEN GAS
Common Name English
NITROGEN [INCI]
Common Name English
Nitrogen [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
NITROGEN [JAN]
Common Name English
NITROGEN [VANDF]
Common Name English
INS-941
Code English
INS NO.941
Code English
NITROGEN [MART.]
Common Name English
NITROGEN [HSDB]
Common Name English
DINITROGEN
Common Name English
MOLECULAR NITROGEN
Common Name English
NITROGEN (N2)
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
LOINC 18246-9
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LOINC 18247-7
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LOINC 53142-6
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LOINC 2659-1
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) INS-941
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LOINC 2658-3
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LOINC 79403-2
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LOINC 54352-0
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LOINC 50888-7
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DSLD 1239 (Number of products:16)
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LOINC 2664-1
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LOINC 16141-4
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LOINC 69424-0
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WHO-VATC QV03AN04
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JECFA EVALUATION INS-941
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CFR 21 CFR 184.1540
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LOINC 2660-9
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LOINC 2665-8
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE 128934
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LOINC 40388-1
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WHO-ATC V03AN04
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LOINC 77357-2
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LOINC 50889-5
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LOINC 77358-0
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LOINC 59385-5
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NCI_THESAURUS C1940
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LOINC 47712-5
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Code System Code Type Description
CAS
7727-37-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
25555
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
947
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL142438
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
N762921K75
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
231-783-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
7456
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY RxNorm
DAILYMED
N762921K75
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
17997
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C61863
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m7958
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY Merck Index
SMS_ID
100000079019
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB12541MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB09152
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
4251
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PRIMARY
MESH
D009584
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:28:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
SUB_CONCEPT->SUBSTANCE
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY