U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS
This repository is under review for potential modification in compliance with Administration directives.

Details

Stereochemistry RACEMIC
Molecular Formula C10H18O
Molecular Weight 154.2493
Optical Activity ( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters 3 / 3
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of BORNEOL

SMILES

CC1(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]1(C)[C@@H](O)C2

InChI

InChIKey=DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N
InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(9,3)8(11)6-7/h7-8,11H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t7-,8+,10+/m1/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C10H18O
Molecular Weight 154.2493
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 3 / 3
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity UNSPECIFIED

Borneol, a monoterpenoid alcohol, is a component of many essential oils. Barneol occurs in nature as a single enantiomer (d- or l-, depending on the oil type) or, less frequently, as the racemate. Several studies have proved the effectiveness of borneol. In Chinese medicines borneol has been used in relieving symptoms of anxiety, fatigue and insomnia; inducing anesthesia and analgesia to alleviate abdominal pain, wounds and burns; relieving rheumatic pain, hemorrhoids, skin diseases and ulcerations of the mouth, ears, eyes or nose; to treat sore throats and skin infections, and is mainly used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Borneol has a significant therapeutic effect on neuralgia. This compound is considered a GRAS approved by the FDA as food flavor. Additionally, borneol is a fragrance ingredient. GABAA, TRPV3, TRPM8 and TRPA1 have been identified as the molecular targets of borneol.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Target ID: Q7Z2W7
Gene ID: 79054.0
Gene Symbol: TRPM8
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
65.0 µM [EC50]
248.0 µM [EC50]
Target ID: Q8NET8
Gene ID: 162514.0
Gene Symbol: TRPV3
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
3.45 mM [EC50]
Target ID: O75762
Gene ID: 8989.0
Gene Symbol: TRPA1
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
0.2 mM [IC50]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
68.02 μg/mL
30 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
25.94 μg/mL
30 mg/kg single, nasal
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Nasal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
15.56 μg/mL
30 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
43.02 μg/mL
30 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL brain
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
8.96 μg/mL
30 mg/kg single, nasal
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Nasal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL brain
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
8.54 μg/mL
30 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL brain
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
5.41 μg/mL
162.01 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 162.01 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
632.34 μg × min/mL
30 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
573.42 μg × min/mL
30 mg/kg single, nasal
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Nasal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
271.81 μg × min/mL
30 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
505.34 μg × min/mL
30 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL brain
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
345.48 μg × min/mL
30 mg/kg single, nasal
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Nasal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL brain
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
194.03 μg × min/mL
30 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 30 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL brain
Rattus norvegicus
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
460.57 μg × min/mL
162.01 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 162.01 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
107.99 min
162.01 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 162.01 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
BORNEOL plasma
Rattus norvegicus
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Overview

Overview

Drug as perpetrator​Drug as victimTox targets

Tox targets

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
[Historical study of a moth repellent, "Fujisawa Camphor" (2) manufacture of borneol].
2001
[Determination of volatile constituents in guanxin suhe wan by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].
2002 Jul
GC/MS evaluation of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) oil composition and variations during the vegetative cycle.
2002 Jul 20
[Studies on the quality standard of xingnao tinctures].
2003 Aug
Synergistic effect of bismuth subgallate and borneol, the major components of Sulbogin, on the healing of skin wound.
2003 Aug
Erythema multiforme due to contact with weeds: a recurrence after patch testing.
2003 Jan
Fungicidal property of Curcuma longa L. rhizome-derived curcumin against phytopathogenic fungi in a greenhouse.
2003 Mar 12
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-dependent bioactivation of clofibric acid to a DNA-damaging intermediate in mouse hepatocytes.
2003 May 6
[Measurement of borneol based on near infrared spectroscopy].
2004 Feb
Conformational rigidification via derivatization facilitates the determination of absolute configuration using chiroptical spectroscopy: a case study of the chiral alcohol endo-borneol.
2005 Apr 15
Chemical composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities of the essential oil of Achillea ligustica all.
2005 Dec 28
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Artemisia lavandulaefolia.
2005 Jun
[Near infrared spectrometry (NIRS) method for the determination of borneol in sustained-release drugs].
2006 Jan
[Study on preparation of beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound for borneolumsyntheticum from Huoxuezhitong capsules].
2006 Jan
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Ambrosia trifida L.
2006 Jul 25
Promoting effect of borneol on the permeability of puerarin eye drops and timolol maleate eye drops through the cornea in vitro.
2006 Sep
[Application of wavelength selection algorithm to measure the effective component of Chinese medicine based on near-infrared spectroscopy].
2006 Sep
Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita essential oils.
2006 Sep 6
Protective effect of (+/-) isoborneol against 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
2007
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil from Artemisia feddei.
2007 Dec
Cross-attraction between an exotic and a native pine bark beetle: a novel invasion mechanism?
2007 Dec 12
Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of aerial parts of Grindelia robusta from Central Italy.
2007 Sep
Percutaneous permeation enhancement by terpenes: mechanistic view.
2008
[Characterization of chemical components of essential oil from cupitulum of Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivated in Tongxiang city].
2008 Mar
ThermoTRP channels in nociceptors: taking a lead from capsaicin receptor TRPV1.
2008 Mar
In vitro characterization of borneol metabolites by GC-MS upon incubation with rat liver microsomes.
2008 May-Jun
Fragrance material review on isoborneol.
2008 Nov
Fragrance material review on borneol.
2008 Nov
Aqueous extracts of some medicinal plants are as toxic as Imidacloprid to the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci.
2009
Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and essential oil composition of Thymus caramanicus from Iran.
2009 Aug
Phytotoxicity of constituents of glandular trichomes and the leaf surface of camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris.
2009 Jan
[Study on natural borneol and synthetic borneol affecting mucosal permeability of gardenia extract].
2009 May
Radical Scavenging Activity of the Essential Oil of Silver Fir (Abies alba).
2009 May
Antimicrobial activity and essential oil composition of a new T. argyrophyllum (C. Koch) Tvzel var. argyrophyllum chemotype.
2010
Salvadora persica.
2010 Jul
Genetic variation in jasmonic acid- and spider mite-induced plant volatile emission of cucumber accessions and attraction of the predator Phytoseiulus persimilis.
2010 May
Patents

Sample Use Guides

25 % borneol (d-form) was applied topically as a single dose for 30-60 min.
Route of Administration: Topical
Peripheral sensory neurons were treated with 200 uM (~0.003%) borneol (d-form). The drug increased the Ca2+ signal in a subset of dorsal root ganglion neurons.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
Record UNII
M89NIB437X
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
BORNEOLUM SYNTHETICUM
CHP  
Preferred Name English
BORNEOL
FCC   FHFI   HSDB   INCI   MART.   MI   WHO-DD  
INCI  
Official Name English
ENDO-BORNEOL
Common Name English
BORNEOL [MART.]
Common Name English
BORNEOL [FCC]
Common Name English
BORNEOL [FHFI]
Common Name English
BORNEOL, (±)-
Systematic Name English
BORNEOL, DL-
Common Name English
BINGPIAN
Common Name English
2-BORNEOL
Common Name English
NSC-60223
Code English
BORNEOL [HSDB]
Common Name English
REL-(1S,2R,4S)-1,7,7-TRIMETHYLBICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPTAN-2-OL
Common Name English
Borneol [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
FEMA NO. 2157
Code English
BORNEOL [MI]
Common Name English
HECHENGLONGNAO
Common Name English
CAMPHOL
Common Name English
BICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPTAN-2-OL, 1,7,7-TRIMETHYL-, ENDO-
Common Name English
BORNEOL (CONSTITUENT OF BLACK PEPPER) [DSC]
Common Name English
BORNEOLUM SYNTHETICUM [CHP]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
JECFA EVALUATION BORNEOL
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 754420
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
NSC
60223
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m2610
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
FDA UNII
M89NIB437X
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
BORNEOL
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
M89NIB437X
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
HSDB
946
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
507-70-0
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MESH
C022871
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000076878
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
1368202
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
DRUG BANK
DB11288
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
JECFA MONOGRAPH
1384
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB13113MIG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID3052143
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
28093
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
208-080-0
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 19:26:59 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
Monoterpene Class
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
USP-DSC
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY