Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | 2Al.3O |
Molecular Weight | 101.9613 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Al+3]
InChI
InChIKey=PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/2Al.3O/q2*+3;3*-2
Molecular Formula | HO |
Molecular Weight | 17.0073 |
Charge | -1 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Molecular Formula | Al |
Molecular Weight | 26.9815386 |
Charge | 3 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionSources: https://www.rlsnet.ru/tn_index_id_12707.htmCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/international/algeldrate.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12222737 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9115023 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15479434
Sources: https://www.rlsnet.ru/tn_index_id_12707.htm
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/international/algeldrate.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12222737 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9115023 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15479434
Algeldrate (Aluminium hydroxide) is the amphoteric inorganic compound used as an antacid in the treatment of Duodenal, Peptic and Stomach Ulcer and some other conditions. Aluminium hydroxide is preferred over other alternatives such as sodium bicarbonate because Al(OH)3, being insoluble, does not increase the pH of stomach above 7 and hence, does not trigger secretion of excess acid by the stomach. Brand names include Alu-Cap, Aludrox, Gaviscon or Pepsamar. It reacts with the excess acid in the stomach, reducing the acidity of the stomach content, which may relieve the symptoms of ulcers, heartburn or dyspepsia. Such products can cause constipation, because the aluminum ions inhibit the contractions of smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal tract, slowing peristalsis and lengthening the time needed for stool to pass through the colon. Some such products (such as Maalox) are formulated to minimize such effects through the inclusion of equal concentrations of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate, which have counterbalancing laxative effects. This compound is also used to control phosphate (phosphorus) levels in the blood of people suffering from kidney failure. Precipitated aluminum hydroxide is included as an adjuvant in some vaccines (e.g. anthrax vaccine). One of the well-known brands of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant is Alhydrogel, made by Brenntag Biosector. Since it absorbs protein well, it also functions to stabilize vaccines by preventing the proteins in the vaccine from precipitating or sticking to the walls of the container during storage. Aluminium hydroxide is sometimes mistakenly called "alum", which properly refers to aluminum potassium sulfate. Vaccine formulations containing aluminum hydroxide stimulate the immune system by inducing the release of uric acid, an immunological danger signal. This strongly attracts certain types of monocytes which differentiate into dendritic cells. The dendritic cells pick up the antigen, carry it to lymph nodes, and stimulate T cells and B cells. It appears to contribute to induction of a good Th2 response, so is useful for immunizing against pathogens that are blocked by antibodies. In the 1960s and 1970s, it was speculated that aluminum was related to various neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease. Since then, multiple epidemiological studies have found no connection between exposure to aluminum and neurological disorders.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: GO:0002548 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Preventing | Alhydrogel Approved UseUnknown |
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Primary | Gelusil-Lac Approved UseUnknown |
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Primary | Gastracid Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Cardiovascular manifestations of aluminium phosphide intoxication. | 1989 Sep |
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Aluminum fluoride inhibition of glucocorticoid receptor inactivation and transformation. | 1990 Apr 10 |
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Plasma renin activity in shock due to aluminium phosphide poisoning. | 1990 Jun |
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Hypermagnesemia following aluminum phosphide poisoning. | 1991 Feb |
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Requirement for intramolecular domain interaction in activation of G protein alpha subunit by aluminum fluoride and GDP but not by GTP gamma S. | 1994 Nov 25 |
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Manipulation of B cell antigen receptor tyrosine phosphorylation using aluminum fluoride and sodium orthovanadate. | 1995 Nov |
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Effect of aluminum phosphide on blood glucose level. | 1999 Feb |
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Effect of N-acetylcysteine and L-NAME on aluminium phosphide induced cardiovascular toxicity in rats. | 2001 Apr |
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Effects of polyethylene and alpha-alumina particles on IL-6 expression and secretion in primary cultures of human osteoblastic cells. | 2002 Feb |
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Bone cell mitogenic action of fluoroaluminate and aluminum fluoride but not that of sodium fluoride involves upregulation of the insulin-like growth factor system. | 2002 May |
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Mechanisms of magnesium-stimulated adhesion of osteoblastic cells to commonly used orthopaedic implants. | 2002 Nov |
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The influence of alumina and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene particles on osteoblast-osteoclast cooperation. | 2004 Aug |
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The giant protein HERC1 is recruited to aluminum fluoride-induced actin-rich surface protrusions in HeLa cells. | 2004 Feb 13 |
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Matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, -9 and tissue inhibitors TIMP-1, -2 expression and secretion by primary human osteoblast cells in response to titanium, zirconia, and alumina ceramics. | 2004 Jan 1 |
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Comparison of the response of primary human blood monocytes and the U937 human monocytic cell line to two different sizes of alumina ceramic particles. | 2004 Jul |
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Molecular basis of osteoclastogenesis induced by osteoblasts exposed to wear particles. | 2005 May |
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Cytochrome-c oxidase inhibition in 26 aluminum phosphide poisoned patients. | 2006 |
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An effector domain mutant of Arf6 implicates phospholipase D in endosomal membrane recycling. | 2006 Jan |
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Microdermabrasion with and without aluminum oxide crystal abrasion: a comparative molecular analysis of dermal remodeling. | 2006 Mar |
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Human macrophage response to UHMWPE, TiAlV, CoCr, and alumina particles: analysis of multiple cytokines using protein arrays. | 2008 Feb |
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Alumina nanoparticles induce expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. | 2008 May 30 |
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Efficacy of simple short-term in vitro assays for predicting the potential of metal oxide nanoparticles to cause pulmonary inflammation. | 2009 Feb |
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The effects of implant surface nanoscale features on osteoblast-specific gene expression. | 2009 Sep |
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Altered glucose homeostasis in response to aluminium phosphide induced cellular oxygen deficit in rat. | 2010 Jul |
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Inhibition of a protein tyrosine phosphatase using mesoporous oxides. | 2010 Mar 11 |
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Aluminum nanoparticle exposure in L1 larvae results in more severe lethality toxicity than in L4 larvae or young adults by strengthening the formation of stress response and intestinal lipofuscin accumulation in nematodes. | 2011 Jan |
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In vivo toxicity of nano-alumina on mice neurobehavioral profiles and the potential mechanisms. | 2011 Jan-Mar |
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Blood levels of methemoglobin in patients with aluminum phosphide poisoning and its correlation with patient's outcome. | 2011 Mar |
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Zeta potential and solubility to toxic ions as mechanisms of lung inflammation caused by metal/metal oxide nanoparticles. | 2012 Apr |
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Al₂O₃ nanoparticles induce mitochondria-mediated cell death and upregulate the expression of signaling genes in human mesenchymal stem cells. | 2012 Nov |
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Effect of acute aluminum phosphide exposure on rats: a biochemical and histological correlation. | 2012 Nov 23 |
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Atomic layer deposition coating of carbon nanotubes with aluminum oxide alters pro-fibrogenic cytokine expression by human mononuclear phagocytes in vitro and reduces lung fibrosis in mice in vivo. | 2014 |
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Pesticide exposure and depression among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. | 2014 Sep |
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Toxicoproteomic analysis of pulmonary carbon nanotube exposure using LC-MS/MS. | 2015 Mar 2 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://www.rlsnet.ru/tn_index_id_12707.htm
Adults and children over 15 years: 1-2 table (400-800ьп). 4 times a day 1 hour after meals and in the evening before bed or if there is discomfort, epigastric pain, heartburn.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170
Bone marrow cells were cultured for 9 d in dendritic cells (DC) culture medium (DC-CM; RPMI 1640 containing GlutaMAX-I; Invitrogen) supplemented with 5% (vol/vol) FCS (Sigma-Aldrich), 50 μ M 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma-Aldrich), 50 μ g/ml gentamicin (Invitrogen), and 20 ng/ml recombinant mouse GM-CSF (a gift from K. Thielemans, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium). 16 h before harvesting, DCs were exposed either to 10 μ g/ml of OVA, alum (Algeldrate), or OVA-alum suspension.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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Record UNII |
LMI26O6933
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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Food Contact Sustance Notif, (FCN No.) |
FCN NO. 577
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Food Contact Sustance Notif, (FCN No.) |
FCN NO. 576
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WHO-VATC |
QD10AX04
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D10AX04
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Food Contact Sustance Notif, (FCN No.) |
FCN NO. 575
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