Gomisin A (BESIGOMSIN/GA) one of the major dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis Baill, has proved to possess a variety of pharmacological effects. It has been found to promote hepatocyte growth factor, limit lipid peroxidation, and inhibit apoptosis in acute hepatic injury animal models. Besigomsine also acts as an anti-inflammatory by preventing the release of arachidonic acid in macrophages in vitro. Laboratory evidence suggests that Besigomsine may have anticarcinogenic effects. Chronic administration of Gomisin A had an antihypertensive effect in AngII-induced hypertensive mice. Gomisin A may exert neuroprotective effects by attenuating the microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response via inhibiting the TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Also it induces marked protective effects against hepatic and renal injury induced by CCl(4) exposure through differential regulation of the MAPK signal transduction pathway.