Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C16H24N2O.ClH |
Molecular Weight | 296.836 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Cl.CC1=CC(=C(O)C(C)=C1CC2=NCCN2)C(C)(C)C
InChI
InChIKey=BEEDODBODQVSIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H24N2O.ClH/c1-10-8-13(16(3,4)5)15(19)11(2)12(10)9-14-17-6-7-18-14;/h8,19H,6-7,9H2,1-5H3,(H,17,18);1H
Molecular Formula | ClH |
Molecular Weight | 36.461 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Molecular Formula | C16H24N2O |
Molecular Weight | 260.3746 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionSources: https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00935Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxymetazoline-hydrochloride.html
Sources: https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00935
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxymetazoline-hydrochloride.html
Oxymetazoline is an adrenergic alpha-agonist, direct acting sympathomimetic, used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion The sympathomimetic action of oxymetazoline constricts the smaller arterioles of the nasal passages, producing a prolonged (up to 12 hours), gentle and decongesting effect. Oxymetazoline elicits relief of conjunctival hyperemia by causing vasoconstriction of superficial conjunctival blood vessels. The drug's action has been demonstrated in acute allergic conjunctivitis and in chemical (chloride) conjunctivitis. Oxymetazoline is self-medication for temporary relief of nasal congestion associated with the common cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies. Oxymetazoline is available over-the-counter as a topical decongestant in the form of oxymetazoline hydrochloride in nasal sprays such as Afrin, Operil, Dristan, Dimetapp, oxyspray, Facimin, Nasivin, Nostrilla, Sudafed OM, Vicks Sinex, Zicam, SinuFrin, and Mucinex Full Force. Due to its vasoconstricting properties, oxymetazoline is also used to treat nose bleeds and eye redness.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/620441 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7437906
Curator's Comment: Oxymetazoline does not cross the blood brain barrier
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2095203 |
4.96 null [pEC50] | ||
0.29 nM [Ki] | |||
Target ID: CHEMBL214 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1678720 |
7.73 null [pEC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL1983 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1678720 |
7.35 null [pEC50] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Palliative | Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Approved UseTemporary relief of nasal congestion (due to a cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies) and sinus congestion/pressure. Launch Date6.0721922E11 |
|||
Primary | OCUCLEAR Approved UseRelief of redness of eye due to minor eye irritations Launch Date5.17795185E11 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
60.5 pg/mL |
20 mg single, topical dose: 20 mg route of administration: Topical experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
OXYMETAZOLINE unknown | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1.78 ng/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.fda.gov/media/98992/download |
0.3 mg single, nasal dose: 0.3 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: Tetracaine |
OXYMETAZOLINE unknown | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
895 pg × h/mL |
20 mg single, topical dose: 20 mg route of administration: Topical experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
OXYMETAZOLINE unknown | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
4.24 ng × h/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.fda.gov/media/98992/download |
0.3 mg single, nasal dose: 0.3 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: Tetracaine |
OXYMETAZOLINE unknown | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
5.23 h DRUG LABEL https://www.fda.gov/media/98992/download |
0.3 mg single, nasal dose: 0.3 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: Tetracaine |
OXYMETAZOLINE unknown | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
0.05 % single, intranasal Dose: 0.05 % Route: intranasal Route: single Dose: 0.05 % Sources: |
unhealthy, 4 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 4 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Other AEs: Hypertensive crisis... |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Application site dermatitis, Application site erythema... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Application site dermatitis (1.4%) Sources: Application site erythema (0.5%) Application site pain (0.5%) Application site dryness (0.2%) Hypoesthesia (0.2%) Paresthesia (0.2%) Rash (0.2%) Urticaria (0.2%) Photosensitivity reaction (0.2%) |
1.5 % 2 times / day multiple, topical Highest studied dose Dose: 1.5 %, 2 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1.5 %, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: adult Sources: |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Hypertensive crisis | 1 patient | 0.05 % single, intranasal Dose: 0.05 % Route: intranasal Route: single Dose: 0.05 % Sources: |
unhealthy, 4 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 4 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Application site dryness | 0.2% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Hypoesthesia | 0.2% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Paresthesia | 0.2% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Photosensitivity reaction | 0.2% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Rash | 0.2% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Urticaria | 0.2% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Application site erythema | 0.5% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Application site pain | 0.5% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Application site dermatitis | 1.4% Disc. AE |
1 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) n = 440 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Erythema Age Group: 53.1 years (range: 19–81 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 440 Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no | |||
Page: 6.0 |
no |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/ Page: 7.0 |
no | |||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
yes | ||||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/; Page: 7.0 |
yes | no (co-administration study) Comment: concomitant oral moderate CYP2C19 inhibitors (e.g., esomeprazole, fluoxetine, and omeprazole): the results did not indicate an increase in oxymetazoline exposure associated with coadministration of oral moderate CYP2C19 inhibitors Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177487/; Page: 7.0 |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2017/208552Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=19 Page: 19.0 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Microphysiometric analysis of human alpha1a-adrenoceptor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. | 1999 Jun |
|
Evidence for a non-adrenoceptor, imidazoline-mediated contractile response to oxymetazoline in the porcine isolated rectal artery. | 2001 Apr |
|
Presynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of adenosine 5' triphosphate and noradrenaline corelease: differences in canine mesenteric artery and vein. | 2001 Feb |
|
Reduced baroreceptor sensitivity during hypotension in ANP-knockout mice. | 2001 Mar |
|
Effects of N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4) on alpha2-adrenoceptors which regulate the synthesis and release of noradrenaline in the rat brain. | 2001 Mar |
|
Analysis of ligand activation of alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes under conditions of equal G alpha protein stoichiometry. | 2001 May |
|
Inhibition of synovial plasma extravasation by preemptive administration of an antiinflammatory irrigation solution in the rat knee. | 2001 May |
|
Renal actions of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine, in the anaesthetised rat. | 2001 Oct |
|
Increased nasal mucosal swelling in subjects with asthma. | 2002 Jan |
|
Intracellular sodium modulates the state of protein kinase C phosphorylation of rat proximal tubule Na+,K+-ATPase. | 2002 Jun |
|
Effects of oxymetazoline on the ventilation of paranasal sinuses in healthy subjects. | 2002 Mar-Apr |
|
Search of antimicrobial activity of selected non-antibiotic drugs. | 2002 Nov-Dec |
|
alpha 2B-Adrenoceptor levels govern agonist and inverse agonist responses in PC12 cells. | 2003 Aug 15 |
|
Effects of acute, repeated and chronic variable stress on in vivo tyrosine hydroxylase activity and on alpha(2)-adrenoceptor sensitivity in the rat brain. | 2003 Dec |
|
Stroke associated with sympathomimetics contained in over-the-counter cough and cold drugs. | 2003 Jul |
|
[Acute exposure to imidazoline derivatives in children]. | 2003 Nov-Dec |
|
Synthesis and identification of two potential oxidation degradants of oxymetazoline. | 2004 |
|
Chronic rhinosinusitis: management for optimal outcomes. | 2004 |
|
Antimuscarinic action of oxymetazoline on human intraocular muscles. | 2004 Aug |
|
Behavioral effects of serotonin and serotonin agonists in two crayfish species, Procambarus clarkii and Orconectes rusticus. | 2004 Dec |
|
The Janus faces of adrenoceptors: factors controlling the coupling of adrenoceptors to multiple signal transduction pathways. | 2004 Nov |
|
Differential distribution of functional alph}1-adrenergic receptor subtypes along the rat tail artery. | 2005 Aug |
|
Is oxymetazoline really safe for middle ear use. | 2005 Jul |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Ophthalmic use or intranasal:
Intranasal Administration
Administer nasal solution intranasally as sprays or nasal pumps.
Prior to initial use of metered sprays, prime nasal inhaler by depressing the pump firmly several times.
Administer nasal spray or pump into each nostril while head is erect.
Ophthalmic Administration
Administer ophthalmic solution topically to the conjunctiva.
Pediatric Patients
Nasal Congestion
Intranasal
For self-medication in children ≥6 years of age: 2 or 3 sprays of a 0.05% nasal solution in each nostril every 10–12 hours (usually in the morning and evening), up to 2 times daily.
Conjunctival Congestion
Ophthalmic
For self-medication in children ≥6 years of age: 1 or 2 drops of a 0.025% ophthalmic solution in the affected eye(s) every 6 hours as needed.
Adults
Nasal Congestion
Intranasal
For self-medication: 2 or 3 sprays of a 0.05% nasal solution in each nostril every 10–12 hours (usually in the morning and evening), up to 2 times daily.
Conjunctival Congestion
Ophthalmic
For self-medication: 1 or 2 drops of a 0.025% ophthalmic solution in the affected eye(s) every 6 hours as needed.
Route of Administration:
Nasal
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18666692
Oxymetazoline had a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on cultured human nasal CBF from 0.25 to 2.00 g/L.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Fri Dec 16 15:57:54 UTC 2022
by
admin
on
Fri Dec 16 15:57:54 UTC 2022
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Record UNII |
K89MJ0S5VY
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29709
Created by
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CFR |
21 CFR 341.20
Created by
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EU-Orphan Drug |
EU/3/17/1892
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66259
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M8335
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7863
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DTXSID80177729
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CHEMBL762
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K89MJ0S5VY
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757254
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DBSALT000821
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K89MJ0S5VY
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2315-02-8
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106101
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219-015-0
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C29313
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1486004
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SUB03589MIG
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PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE |
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
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ACTIVE MOIETY |