FOTEMUSTINE

Possibly Marketed Outside US

Details

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Molecular Formula	C9H19ClN3O5P
Molecular Weight	315.691
Optical Activity	( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CCOP(=O)(OCC)C(C)NC(=O)N(CCCl)N=O

InChI

InChIKey=YAKWPXVTIGTRJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C9H19ClN3O5P/c1-4-17-19(16,18-5-2)8(3)11-9(14)13(12-15)7-6-10/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3,(H,11,14)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C9H19ClN3O5P
Molecular Weight	315.691
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	( + / - )

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15020614
Curator's Comment: The description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugs.com/international/fotemustine.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24213227 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01960192 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26951379 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25702193

Fotemustine is a novel chloroethylnitrosourea alkylating agent approved for use in the treatment of metastasizing melanoma and Recurrent Malignant Gliomas. The antitumor activity of fotemustine is related to its ability to alkylate DNA. It's in vitro or in vivo pharmacological activity is similar or greater than that of other nitrosoureas. Significant activity has been found in mice xenograft models of human primary cerebral tumors after fotemustine intraperitoneal administration. Fotemustine has been registered for use in two indications: disseminated malignant melanoma, including cerebral metastases, and primary brain tumors. Fotemustine is currently used in Europe, particularly in France and Italy, as a salvage therapy for recurrent malignant gliomas. Myelosuppression, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia are the most frequent side effects of treatment with fotemustine. The objective response to this treatment is between 26% and 70%, and the reported median survival time is 10 months. New drug combinations containing fotemustine and angiogenesis inhibitors, such as bevacizumab, are currently under development.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
DNA 282 Target ID: CHEMBL2311221 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24213227	Crosslinking Agent 83

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Malignant melanoma 22 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15020614	Primary	Approved 8583	Muphoran Approved Use Unknown
Recurrent malignant glioma 1 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24213227	Primary	Approved 8583	Muphoran Approved Use Unknown
Primary CNS lymphoma 1 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01960192	Primary	Phase IV 63	Muphoran Approved Use Unknown

C_max

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
3.26 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451232/	100 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 100 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
0.65 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451232/	100 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intra-arterial dose: 100 mg/m² route of administration: Intra-arterial experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
5.35 mg/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	300 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 300 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
6.94 mg/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	350 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 350 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
7.06 mg/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	400 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 400 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
8.19 mg/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	450 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 450 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
18.08 mg/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	500 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 500 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
3.6 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451232/	100 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 100 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
1.98 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451232/	100 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intra-arterial dose: 100 mg/m² route of administration: Intra-arterial experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
5.96 mg × h/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	300 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 300 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
7.38 mg × h/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	350 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 350 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
7.17 mg × h/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	400 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 400 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
9.29 mg × h/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	450 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 450 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
12.22 mg × h/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	500 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 500 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
0.34 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451232/	100 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 100 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
0.34 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451232/	100 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intra-arterial dose: 100 mg/m² route of administration: Intra-arterial experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
34.99 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	300 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 300 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
29.11 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	350 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 350 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
25.58 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	400 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 400 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
32.26 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	450 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 450 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
20.25 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8462123/	500 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 500 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	FOTEMUSTINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
125 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous MTD Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/	DLT: Thrombocytopenia, Anemia... Dose limiting toxicities: Thrombocytopenia (grade 3, 16.7%) Anemia (grade 3, 33.3%) Leucopenia (grade 3, 16.7%) Neutropenia (grade 3, 16.7%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/
100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intraarterial Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intraarterial Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	Disc. AE: Hematological toxicity, Hepatic disease... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hematological toxicity (8.1%) Hepatic disease (3.5%) Septic shock (grade 5, 2.3%) Gastric ulcer (1.2%) Arterial thrombosis (grade 5, 1.2%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/
100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/	Disc. AE: Thrombocytopenia, Cardiac failure... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Thrombocytopenia (grade 3-4, 14.3%) Cardiac failure (grade 2, 9.5%) Neutropenic sepsis (grade 5, 4.8%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/
100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	Disc. AE: Hematological toxicity, Fatigue... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hematological toxicity (24.7%) Fatigue (1.2%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Leucopenia	grade 3, 16.7% DLT	125 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous MTD Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/
Neutropenia	grade 3, 16.7% DLT	125 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous MTD Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/
Thrombocytopenia	grade 3, 16.7% DLT	125 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous MTD Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/
Anemia	grade 3, 33.3% DLT	125 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous MTD Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 125 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508814/
Gastric ulcer	1.2% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intraarterial Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intraarterial Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/
Hepatic disease	3.5% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intraarterial Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intraarterial Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/
Hematological toxicity	8.1% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intraarterial Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intraarterial Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/
Arterial thrombosis	grade 5, 1.2% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intraarterial Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intraarterial Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/
Septic shock	grade 5, 2.3% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intraarterial Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intraarterial Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/
Cardiac failure	grade 2, 9.5% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/
Thrombocytopenia	grade 3-4, 14.3% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/
Neutropenic sepsis	grade 5, 4.8% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649110/
Fatigue	1.2% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/
Hematological toxicity	24.7% Disc. AE	100 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg/m2, 1 times / week Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24510314/

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
	P-gp 2052

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
P-gp 2052	substrate 4014 Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/104799#section=BioAssay-Results Page: 10 \| 17	no

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Human three prime exonuclease TREX1 is induced by genotoxic stress and involved in protection of glioma and melanoma cells to anticancer drugs.	2013-08	23578789
Can high-dose fotemustine reverse MGMT resistance in glioblastoma multiforme?	2010-11	20556481
Resection in the popliteal fossa for metastatic melanoma.	2007-01-19	17239242
O(6)-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) overexpression in melanoma cells induces resistance to nitrosoureas and temozolomide but sensitizes to mitomycin C.	2006-03-01	16039682
Artesunate in the treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma--first experiences.	2005-12	16273263
Organ- and treatment-specific local response rates to systemic and local treatment modalities in stage IV melanoma.	2005-11	16225601
Isolated limb infusion with fotemustine after dacarbazine chemosensitisation for inoperable loco-regional melanoma recurrence.	2004-12	15522559
Fotemustine compared with dacarbazine in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma: a phase III study.	2004-03-15	15020614
Cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and apoptosis induced by new fotemustine analogs on human melanoma cells in relation to O6-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase expression.	2003-11	12970393
Second-line chemotherapy with dacarbazine and fotemustine in nitrosourea-pretreated patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.	2003-07	12853885
Survival with dacarbazine and fotemustine in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme.	2003-02-24	12592361
Evaluation of the efficiency of chemotherapy in in vivo orthotopic models of human glioma cells with and without 1p19q deletions and in C6 rat orthotopic allografts serving for the evaluation of surgery combined with chemotherapy.	2002-08-01	12209758
Cisplatin, dacarbazine, and fotemustine plus interferon alpha in patients with advanced malignant melanoma. A multicenter phase II study of the Italian Cooperative Oncology Group.	2000-12-15	11135225

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Fotemustine was administered weekly for 3 consecutive weeks (days 1, 8, and 15) at 100 mg/m2 as a 60-minute infusion, followed by a 5-week rest period

Route of Administration: Intravenous

In Vitro Use Guide

The BRAFV600E A375, Malme-3M, A2058 and RPMI7951 and wild-type SK-Mel537, SK-Mel505, RPMI18332 and SK-Mel187 melanoma cell lines were used for activity evaluation. Cells were treated with the chemotherapeutic (Fotemustine, FM) and the number of cell divisions following 120h incubation was determined using flow cytometry of CFSE stained cells. The cellular division rate was determined using carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) stained cells [39]. One day after labeling the control sample (0h) was harvested and analyzed by flow cytometry (FACS Canto II). On this day cells were treated or not with vemurafenib, TMZ, FM or combinations of the drugs, and 120h later samples were harvested and subjected to flow cytometry analysis. Using the mean 0h fluorescence signal, a standard curve was plotted to determine the number of cell divisions after 120h incubation in treated and untreated cells.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 08:17:37 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 08:17:37 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	GQ7JL9P5I2
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

MUPHORAN

Preferred Name

English

FOTEMUSTINE

Official Name

English

MUSTOPHORANE

Brand Name

English

FOTEMUSTINE [MART.]

Common Name

English

S10036

Code

English

PHOSPHONIC ACID, P-(1-((((2-CHLOROETHYL)NITROSOAMINO)CARBONYL)AMINO)ETHYL)-, DIETHYL ESTER

Systematic Name

English

S-10036

Code

English

(±)-DIETHYL (1-(3-(2-CHLOROETHYL)-3-NITROSOUREIDO)ETHYL)PHOSPHONATE

Systematic Name

English

PHOSPHONIC ACID, (1-((((2-CHLOROETHYL)NITROSOAMINO)CARBONYL)AMINO)ETHYL)-, DIETHYL ESTER

Common Name

English

FOTEMUSTINE [MI]

Common Name

English

FOTEMUSTINE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

fotemustine [INN]

Common Name

English

Fotemustine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-ATC

L01AD05