Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C11H21NO3 |
Molecular Weight | 215.2893 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CCCCCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)CN
InChI
InChIKey=RYQOILLJDKPETL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C11H21NO3/c1-2-3-4-5-8-15-11(14)7-6-10(13)9-12/h2-9,12H2,1H3
Molecular Formula | C11H21NO3 |
Molecular Weight | 215.2893 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
MOL RATIO
1 MOL RATIO (average) |
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Hexaminolevulinate is an optical imaging drug. In solution form, it is instilled intravesically for use with photodynamic blue light cystoscopy as an adjunct to white light cystoscopy. After bladder instillation, hexaminolevulinate enters the bladder mucosa and is proposed to enter the intracellular space of mucosal cells where it is used as a precursor in the formation of the photoactive intermediate protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and other photoactive porphyrins (PAPs). PpIX and PAPs are reported to accumulate preferentially in neoplastic cells as compared to normal urothelium, partly due to altered enzymatic activity in the neoplastic cells. In 2010, FDA granted approval for hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride as an optical imaging agent for cystoscopic detection of non-muscle invasive papillary cancer of the bladder for patients suspected or known to have lesion(s) on the basis of a prior cystoscopy.
Originator
Approval Year
Doses
AEs
Sourcing
PubMed
Patents
Sample Use Guides
50 mL of a reconstituted solution of hexaminolevulinate (final concentration 2mg/mL) is slowly instilled via an intravesical catheter into the emptied bladder; catheter may be a straight or intermittent urethral catheter with a proximal funnel opening to accommodate a luer lock adapter.
Route of Administration:
Other
Porcine bladder was excised and stored at 4C in Tyrode solution. The urothelium was microdissected from the bladder wall using fine scissors, and 7x7 mm fragments were mounted in a transparent culture chamber designed for epithelia. The chamber was fixed on the plate of an epi-illumination microscope and thermostabilized at 36 C. Solution of hexaminolevulinate (HALA) was injected as a single dose into the upper chamber in phosphate buffer. Accumulation of the protoporphyrin IX was measured by fluorimetric microscopy.