Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C4H10N2.H2O4S |
Molecular Weight | 184.214 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OS(O)(=O)=O.C1CNCCN1
InChI
InChIKey=MYNIYCGOBKAQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C4H10N2.H2O4S/c1-2-6-4-3-5-1;1-5(2,3)4/h5-6H,1-4H2;(H2,1,2,3,4)
Molecular Formula | C4H10N2 |
Molecular Weight | 86.1356 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Molecular Formula | H2O4S |
Molecular Weight | 98.078 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionSources: http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/piperazine-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20065522Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27177234 |
Sources: http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/piperazine-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20065522
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27177234 |
Piperazine, a six membered nitrogen containing heterocycle, is of great significance to the rational design of drugs. This moiety can be found in a plethora of well-known drugs with various therapeutic uses, such as antipsychotic, antihistamine, antianginal, antidepressant, anticancer, antiviral, cardio protectors, anti-inflammatory, and imaging agents. Slight modification to the substitution pattern on the piperazine nucleus facilitates a recognizable difference in the medicinal potential of the resultant molecules. Piperazine has been used as an antihelmintic drug. Piperazine works by paralyzing the worms. They are then passed in the stool.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5099003 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7673626
Curator's Comment: Piperazine is neurotoxic.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: UniProtKB: D6BK80_HAECO | D6BJF3_HAECO (GABA receptor subunit) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22075040 |
6.23 mM [EC50] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Curative | MULTIFUGE Approved UsePiperazine belongs to the family of medicines called anthelmintics. Anthelmintics are used in the treatment of worm infections. Piperazine is used to treat: common roundworms (ascariasis) and pinworms (enterobiasis; oxyuriasis). Launch Date1954 |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
10 mg/m3/h single, respiratory Studied dose Dose: 10 mg/m3/h Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 10 mg/m3/h Sources: |
unhealthy, 42 years |
Other AEs: Asthma late onset... |
115 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 115 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 115 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 6 years |
Disc. AE: Myoclonus... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Myoclonus (1 patient) Sources: |
65 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 65 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 65 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 9 years |
Disc. AE: Ataxia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Ataxia (1 patient) Sources: |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Asthma late onset | 1 patient | 10 mg/m3/h single, respiratory Studied dose Dose: 10 mg/m3/h Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 10 mg/m3/h Sources: |
unhealthy, 42 years |
Myoclonus | 1 patient Disc. AE |
115 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 115 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 115 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 6 years |
Ataxia | 1 patient Disc. AE |
65 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 65 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 65 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 9 years |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Comparable clinical outcome using the GnRH antagonist ganirelix or a long protocol of the GnRH agonist triptorelin for the prevention of premature LH surges in women undergoing ovarian stimulation. | 2001 Apr |
|
Prospective evaluation of hot flashes during treatment with parenteral estrogen or complete androgen ablation for metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. | 2001 Aug |
|
Intracellular PO(2) decreases with increasing stimulation frequency in contracting single Xenopus muscle fibers. | 2001 Aug |
|
[Comparison of different protocols of ovulation induction, by GnRH agonists and chorionic gonadotropin]. | 2001 Feb |
|
D-TRP-6-LHRH (Triptorelin) is not effective in ovarian carcinoma: an EORTC Gynaecological Cancer Co-operative Group Study. | 2001 Feb |
|
Ethane-1,2-diphosphonic acid as a building block in supramolecular chemistry; a pillared-layer framework and framework-encapsulated cations. | 2001 Feb |
|
Design, synthesis, and modeling of novel cyclic thrombin receptor-derived peptide analogues of the Ser42-Phe-Leu-Leu-Arg46 motif sequence with fixed conformations of pharmacophoric groups: importance of a Phe/Arg/NH2 cluster for receptor activation and implications in the design of nonpeptide thrombin receptor mimetics. | 2001 Feb 1 |
|
FK960, a novel potential anti-dementia drug, enhances high K(+)-evoked release of somatostatin from rat hippocampal slices. | 2001 Feb 16 |
|
Structure-activity relationships of quinazoline derivatives: dual-acting compounds with inhibitory activities toward both TNF-alpha production and T cell proliferation. | 2001 Feb 26 |
|
Long-term remission of ovarian hyperandrogenism after short-term treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. | 2001 Jan |
|
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a new model of arylpiperazines. 5. Study of the physicochemical influence of the pharmacophore on 5-HT(1a)/alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor affinity: synthesis of a new derivative with mixed 5-HT(1a)/d(2) antagonist properties. | 2001 Jan 18 |
|
Asymmetric transformation of N-nitrosamines by inclusion crystallization with optically active hosts. | 2001 Jan 26 |
|
Efficacy of nafarelin in assisted reproductive technology: a meta-analysis. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
N-Terminal peptide aldehydes as electrophiles in combinatorial solid phase synthesis of novel peptide isosteres. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
Solvent effect on the alpha-effect for the reactions of aryl acetates with butane-2,3-dione monoximate and p-chlorophenoxide in MeCN-H2O mixtures. | 2001 Jul 13 |
|
Structural characterization of the oxidative degradation products of an antifungal agent SCH 56592 by LC-NMR and LC-MS. | 2001 Jun |
|
Dose-finding study for the use of long-acting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues prior to ovarian stimulation for IVF. | 2001 Mar |
|
Improved solid-phase peptide synthesis method utilizing alpha-azide-protected amino acids. | 2001 Mar 8 |
|
[The results of GnRH analog treatment of endometriosis]. | 2001 May |
|
Tubular aggregates observed in spindle muscle fiber of horse lumbrical muscle. | 2001 May |
|
Double-stranded DNA binding characteristics and subcellular distribution of a minor groove binding diphenyl ether bisbenzimidazole. | 2001 May 29 |
|
[Rugulosuvines A and B--diketopiperazine alkaloids from Penicillium rugulosum and Penicillium piscarium fungi]. | 2001 May-Jun |
|
Evaluation of the absorption, excretion and metabolism of [14C] etoperidone in man. | 2001 Nov |
|
Physical and chemical enhancement of transdermal delivery of triptorelin. | 2001 Nov |
|
Intermetatarsal spaces: analysis with MR bursography, anatomic correlation, and histopathology in cadavers. | 2001 Nov |
|
Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models for a novel class of piperazine-based stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) inhibitors: applying a "divide and conquer" strategy. | 2001 Nov 8 |
|
A post-Amadori inhibitor pyridoxamine also inhibits chemical modification of proteins by scavenging carbonyl intermediates of carbohydrate and lipid degradation. | 2002 Feb 1 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
No special preparations or other steps (for example, special diet, fasting, other medicines, laxatives, or enemas) are necessary before, during, or immediately after you take piperazine.
Piperazine may be taken with or without food or on a full or empty stomach. However, if your doctor tells you to take the medicine a certain way, take it exactly as directed.
For patients taking the granules for oral solution form of piperazine:
Dissolve the contents of 1 packet of granules in 57 mL (about 2 ounces) of water, milk, or fruit juice.
Be sure to drink all of the liquid to get the full dose of medicine.
Take this medicine only as directed. Do not take more of it and do not take it more often than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of serious side effects.
To help clear up your infection completely, take this medicine in regularly spaced doses as ordered by your doctor. In some infections, a second treatment with this medicine may be required to clear up the infection completely. Do not miss any doses.
For patients taking piperazine for pinworms:
Pinworms may be easily passed from one person to another, especially among persons in the same household. Therefore, all household members may have to be treated at the same time to prevent their infection or reinfection.
Dosing
The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
For granules for oral solution dosage form:
For common roundworms or pinworms:
Adults and teenagers—2 grams three times a day for one day. Treatment may need to be repeated in two weeks.
Children—Dose is based on age and/or body weight. Treatment may need to be repeated in two weeks.
Up to 2 years of age: Dose must be determined by your doctor.
2 to 8 years of age: 2 grams once a day for one day.
8 to 14 years of age: 2 grams two times a day for one day.
For oral suspension dosage form:
For common roundworms or pinworms:
Adults and teenagers—1.8 grams every four hours for a total of three doses in one day. Treatment may need to be repeated in two weeks.
Children—Dose is based on age. Treatment may need to be repeated in two weeks.
Up to 2 years of age: 600 milligrams (mg) every four hours for a total of three doses in one day.
2 to 8 years of age: 1.2 grams every six hours for a total of two doses in one day.
8 to 14 years of age: 1.2 grams every four hours for a total of three doses in one day.
For tablet dosage form:
For common roundworms:
Adults and teenagers—3.5 grams (piperazine hexahydrate) per day for two days in a row. Treatment may need to be repeated in one week.
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. However, the usual dose is 75 mg (piperazine hexahydrate) per kilogram (34 mg per pound) of body weight per day for two days in a row. Treatment may need to be repeated in one week.
For pinworms:
Adults and children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. However, the usual dose is 65 mg (piperazine hexahydrate) per kilogram (29.5 mg per pound) of body weight per day for seven days in a row. Treatment may need to be repeated in one week.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Route of Administration:
Oral
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Mon Mar 31 17:46:06 GMT 2025
by
admin
on
Mon Mar 31 17:46:06 GMT 2025
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Record UNII |
C8493J9B36
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C250
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ACTIVE MOIETY |