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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C5H9NO3
Molecular Weight 131.1299
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of AMINOLEVULINIC ACID

SMILES

NCC(=O)CCC(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=ZGXJTSGNIOSYLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C5H9NO3/c6-3-4(7)1-2-5(8)9/h1-3,6H2,(H,8,9)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C5H9NO3
Molecular Weight 131.1299
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Aminolevulinic Acid is the first compound in the porphyrin synthesis pathway. The metabolism of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the first step in the biochemical pathway resulting in heme synthesis. Aminolevulinic acid is not a photosensitizer, but rather a metabolic precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which is a photosensitizer. The synthesis of ALA is normally tightly controlled by feedback inhibition of the enzyme, ALA synthetase, presumably by intracellular heme levels. ALA, when provided to the cell, bypasses this control point and results in the accumulation of PpIX, which is converted into heme by ferrochelatase through the addition of iron to the PpIX nucleus. Marketed under the brand name LEVULAN KERASTICK for Topical Solution plus blue light illumination using the BLU-U Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy Illuminator, it is indicated for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratoses (Grade 1 or 2, see table 2 for definition) of the face or scalp. Aminolevulinic acid is also being studied in the treatment of other conditions and types of cancer. An orally-administered in vivo diagnostic agent, Aminolevulinic acid, is used in photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) whose aim is to help doctors visualize the tumor tissue during surgical resection of malignant glioma, it is already sold in over 20 European countries including Germany and the U.K. According to the presumed mechanism of action, photosensitization following application of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) topical solution occurs through the metabolic conversion of ALA to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which accumulates in the skin to which aminolevulinic acid has been applied. When exposed to light of appropriate wavelength and energy, the accumulated PpIX produces a photodynamic reaction, a cytotoxic process dependent upon the simultaneous presence of light and oxygen. The absorption of light results in an excited state of the porphyrin molecule, and subsequent spin transfer from PpIX to molecular oxygen generates singlet oxygen, which can further react to form superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Photosensitization of actinic (solar) keratosis lesions using aminolevulinic acid, plus illumination with the BLU-UTM Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy Illuminator (BLU-U), is the basis for aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (PDT).

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: There is low permeability of the undisrupted BBB in humans

Originator

Curator's Comment: The first report on excessive protoporphyrin accumulation and high photosensitivity after exogenous administration of ALA in humans was presented by Berlin et al. in 1956

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
LEVULAN KERASTICK

Approved Use

The LEVULAN KERASTICK for Topical Solution plus blue light illumination using the BLU-U Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy Illuminator is indicated for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratoses (Grade 1 or 2, see table 2 for definition) of the face or scalp.

Launch Date

9.4452482E11
Diagnostic
Gliolan

Approved Use

Gliolan is indicated in adult patients for visualisation of malignant tissue during surgery for malignant glioma (WHO grade III and IV).

Launch Date

1.16760956E12
Primary
ALA

Approved Use

Condylomata Acuminata

Launch Date

1.17141117E12
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
8239.1 μg/L
20 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 20 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
1862.6 μg/L
2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
274.7 μg/L
0.2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 0.2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
15.44 μg/mL
100 mg single, intravenous
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
4.65 μg/mL
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
27143.5 μg × h/L
20 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 20 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
2901.3 μg × h/L
2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
424.2 μg × h/L
0.2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 0.2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
13.7 μg × h/mL
100 mg single, intravenous
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
7.4 μg × h/mL
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1.94 h
20 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 20 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
0.84 h
2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
0.75 h
0.2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 0.2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
50.1 min
100 mg single, intravenous
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
44.4 min
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
88%
20 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 20 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
88%
2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
88%
0.2 mg/kg bw single, oral
dose: 0.2 mg/kg bw
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
20 mg/kg single, oral
Recommended
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Sources:
unhealthy, 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
n = 61
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: primary or recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Age Group: 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 61
Sources:
Other AEs: Alanine aminotransferase increase, Hypotension...
Other AEs:
Alanine aminotransferase increase (grade 3, 6.6%)
Hypotension (grade 3, 1.6%)
Urticaria (grade 3, 1.6%)
Sources:
10 % 1 times / day multiple, topical
Recommended
Dose: 10 %, 1 times / day
Route: topical
Route: multiple
Dose: 10 %, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p. 44
unhealthy
n = 384
Health Status: unhealthy
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 384
Sources: Page: p. 44
Disc. AE: Application site burning, Application site pain...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Application site burning (1 patient)
Application site pain (1 patient)
Sources: Page: p. 44
100 mg single, intravenous
Dose: 100 mg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 100 mg
Sources:
healthy
n = 6
Health Status: healthy
Population Size: 6
Sources:
100 mg single, oral
Dose: 100 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 100 mg
Sources:
healthy
n = 6
Health Status: healthy
Population Size: 6
Sources:
1328 mg single, intravesical
Dose: 1328 mg
Route: intravesical
Route: single
Dose: 1328 mg
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: recurrent bladder cancer
Population Size: 8
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Hypotension grade 3, 1.6%
20 mg/kg single, oral
Recommended
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Sources:
unhealthy, 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
n = 61
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: primary or recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Age Group: 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 61
Sources:
Urticaria grade 3, 1.6%
20 mg/kg single, oral
Recommended
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Sources:
unhealthy, 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
n = 61
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: primary or recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Age Group: 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 61
Sources:
Alanine aminotransferase increase grade 3, 6.6%
20 mg/kg single, oral
Recommended
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Sources:
unhealthy, 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
n = 61
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: primary or recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Age Group: 70.5 years (range: 53–84 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 61
Sources:
Application site burning 1 patient
Disc. AE
10 % 1 times / day multiple, topical
Recommended
Dose: 10 %, 1 times / day
Route: topical
Route: multiple
Dose: 10 %, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p. 44
unhealthy
n = 384
Health Status: unhealthy
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 384
Sources: Page: p. 44
Application site pain 1 patient
Disc. AE
10 % 1 times / day multiple, topical
Recommended
Dose: 10 %, 1 times / day
Route: topical
Route: multiple
Dose: 10 %, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p. 44
unhealthy
n = 384
Health Status: unhealthy
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 384
Sources: Page: p. 44
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Photodynamically induced effects in colon carcinoma cells (WiDr) by endogenous photosensitizers generated by incubation with 5-aminolaevulinic acid.
1999 Apr
Topical drug delivery in humans with a single photomechanical wave.
1999 Nov
Renal toxicity of the carcinogen delta-aminolevulinic acid: antioxidant effects of melatonin.
2000 Dec 8
The morphological changes in rat bladder after photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolaevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX.
2000 Jul
An affordable, portable fluorescence imaging device for skin lesion detection using a dual wavelength approach for image contrast enhancement and aminolaevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX. Part I. Design, spectral and spatial characteristics.
2001
Multiple biosynthetic pathways for vitamin B12: variations on a central theme.
2001
Topical photodynamic therapy at low fluence rates--theory and practice.
2001 Apr
Evaluation of different photosensitizers for use in photochemical gene transfection.
2001 Apr
Photodynamic therapy of feline superficial squamous cell carcinoma using topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid.
2001 Apr
Endoscopic detection of transitional cell carcinoma with 5-aminolevulinic acid: results of 1012 fluorescence endoscopies.
2001 Apr
Peritoneal endometriosis detection.
2001 Apr
Fluorescence endoscopy with 5-aminolevulinic acid reduces early recurrence rate in superficial bladder cancer.
2001 Apr
Spectrophotometric microassay for delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase in dried-blood spots as confirmation for hereditary tyrosinemia type I.
2001 Aug
Correlation between lead exposure indicators and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies in lymphocytes from inorganic lead exposed workers.
2001 Aug
Recognition and transport characteristics of nonpeptidic compounds by basolateral peptide transporter in Caco-2 cells.
2001 Aug
Fluorescence spectroscopy of normal mouse skin exposed to 5-aminolaevulinic acid and red light.
2001 Aug 15
Photodynamic therapy with topical delta-aminolaevulinic acid for the treatment of plantar warts.
2001 Aug 15
Melatonin prevents delta-aminolevulinic acid-induced oxidative DNA damage in the presence of Fe2+.
2001 Feb
Systemic vs local administration of delta-aminolevulinic acid for laparoscopic fluorescence diagnosis of malignant intra-abdominal tumors. Experimental study.
2001 Feb
Imaging of the lower urinary tract in adults.
2001 Feb
Photodynamic diagnosis with 5-aminolevulinic acid in the treatment of secondary urethral tumors: first in vitro and in vivo results.
2001 Feb
Suppression of the induction of long-term depression by carbon monoxide in rat cerebellar slices.
2001 Feb
Treatment of multiple scalp basal cell carcinomas by photodynamic therapy.
2001 Jan
[Photodynamic therapy of nasal basal cell carcinoma].
2001 Jan
Immunological and viral factors associated with the response of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia to photodynamic therapy.
2001 Jan 1
Tissue distribution and penetration of 5-ALA induced fluorescence in an amelanotic melanoma after topical application.
2001 Jan-Feb
Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid induces apoptosis and caspase activation in malignant T cells.
2001 Jan-Feb
Photodynamic therapy of actinic keratoses with topical aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and fluorescent blue light.
2001 Jul
Photosensitization and mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by the use of ALA derivatives in photodynamic therapy.
2001 Jul 20
Mechanistic basis for suicide inactivation of porphobilinogen synthase by 4,7-dioxosebacic acid, an inhibitor that shows dramatic species selectivity.
2001 Jul 27
Optimization of differential photodynamic effectiveness between normal and tumor urothelial cells using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX as sensitizer.
2001 Jun 1
Evidence for direct interaction between enzyme I(Ntr) and aspartokinase to regulate bacterial oligopeptide transport.
2001 Jun 15
Photodynamic therapy of acne vulgaris with topical delta-aminolaevulinic acid and incoherent light in Japanese patients.
2001 Mar
Photodynamic therapy for large or multiple patches of Bowen disease and basal cell carcinoma.
2001 Mar
Expression of coproporphyrinogen oxidase and synthesis of hemoglobin in human erythroleukemia K562 cells.
2001 Mar
Photodynamic therapy for Bowen's disease (squamous cell carcinoma in situ) of the digit.
2001 May
Fluorescence detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia for photodynamic therapy with the topical agents 5-aminolevulinic acid and benzoporphyrin-derivative monoacid ring.
2001 May
Expression of PEPT2 peptide transporter mRNA and protein in glial cells of rat dorsal root ganglia.
2001 May 25
Patents

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Can also be used orally for visualisation of malignant tissue during surgery for malignant glioma (WHO grade III and IV): the recommended dose is 20 mg 5-ALA HCl per kilogram body weight. http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/000744/WC500021790.pdf
LEVULAN KERASTICK for Topical Solution 20% (aminolevulinic acid HCl) is intended for direct application to individual lesions diagnosed as actinic keratoses and not to perilesional skin. This product is not intended for application by patients or unqualified medical personnel. Application should involve either scalp or face lesions, but not both simultaneously. The recommended treatment frequency is: one application of the LEVULAN KERASTICK Topical Solution and one dose of illumination per treatment site per 8­ week treatment session. Each individual LEVULAN KERASTICK should be used for only one patient. Photodynamic therapy for actinic keratoses with LEVULAN KERASTICK for Topical Solution is a two stage process involving a) application of the product to the target lesions with LEVULAN KERASTICK Topical Solution, followed 14 to 18 hours later by b) illumination with blue light using the BLU-U Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy Illuminator. The second visit, for illumination, must take place in the 14-18 hour window following application.
Route of Administration: Topical
In Vitro Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Glioma cells, seeded at the bottom of 96-well plates and incubated with ALA (10 ug/ml) for 6 h, were exposed to the sinusoidal US pulses with a resonance frequency of 1 MHz, 1000 µs duration, 0.4 duty-cycle, and average acoustic power varying from 2 W to 6 W. Ultrasound waves were generated by a flat circular piezoelectric transducer with a diameter of 25 mm. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay.
Aminolevulinic acid (10 ug/ml) mediated sonosensitization of rat RG2 glioma cells in vitro. ALA-mediated SDT evokes cytotoxic effects of low intensity US on rat RG2 glioma cells in vitro.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
Edited
by admin
on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
Record UNII
88755TAZ87
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
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Name Type Language
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID
VANDF   WHO-DD  
Systematic Name English
5-ALA
Common Name English
DELTA-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID
Systematic Name English
PENTANOIC ACID, 5-AMINO-4-OXO-
Common Name English
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID [VANDF]
Common Name English
5-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID
MART.  
Common Name English
METHYLAMINOLEVULINATE HYDROCHLORIDE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
Aminolevulinic acid [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
AMINOLEVULINATE
Systematic Name English
5-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID [MART.]
Common Name English
5-AMINO-4-OXOPENTANOIC ACID
Systematic Name English
.DELTA.-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID [MI]
Common Name English
LEVULINIC ACID, 5-AMINO-
Systematic Name English
.DELTA.-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID
MI  
Systematic Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NDF-RT N0000175846
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 387312
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 710519
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
WHO-ATC L01XD04
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
NDF-RT N0000171207
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
CFR 21 CFR 862.1060
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
NCI_THESAURUS C1420
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
WHO-VATC QL01XD04
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
NDF-RT N0000171207
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
NDF-RT N0000171207
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 811521
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
NDF-RT N0000171207
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
EU-Orphan Drug EU/3/16/1811
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
Code System Code Type Description
FDA UNII
88755TAZ87
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
17549
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
137
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
MESH
D000622
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
AMINOLEVULINIC ACID
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
IUPHAR
4784
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
88755TAZ87
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID8048490
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000089317
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C234
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
M1713
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY Merck Index
EVMPD
SUB12853MIG
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
106-60-5
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00855
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
166
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
683
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
155002
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
ALTERNATIVE
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
203-414-1
Created by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Wed Jul 05 23:13:01 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> IMPURITY
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
IMPURITY -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY