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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C8H11NO2.ClH
Molecular Weight 189.639
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE

SMILES

Cl.NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1

InChI

InChIKey=CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C8H11NO2.ClH/c9-4-3-6-1-2-7(10)8(11)5-6;/h1-2,5,10-11H,3-4,9H2;1H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula ClH
Molecular Weight 36.461
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Molecular Formula C8H11NO2
Molecular Weight 153.1784
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21303898

Dopamine, a sympathomimetic amine vasopressor, is the naturally occurring immediate precursor of norepinephrine. G protein-coupled dopamine receptors (D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5) mediate all of the physiological functions of the catecholaminergic neurotransmitter dopamine, ranging from voluntary movement and reward to hormonal regulation and hypertension. Dopamine HCl is indicated for the correction of hemodynamic imbalances present in the shock syndrome due to myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxic septicemia, open-heart surgery, renal failure, and chronic cardiac decompensation as in congestive failure.

Originator

Curator's Comment: reference retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-56051-4_2 | http://www.drugfuture.com/chemdata/dopamine.html

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Approved Use

Dopamine HCl is indicated for the correction of hemodynamic imbalances present in the shock syndrome due to myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxic septicemia, open-heart surgery, renal failure, and chronic cardiac decompensation as in congestive failure. Patients most likely to respond adequately to dopamine HCl are those in whom physiological parameters, such as urine flow, myocardial function, and blood pressure, have not undergone profound deterioration. Multiclinic trials indicate that the shorter the time interval between onset of signs and symptoms and initiation of therapy with blood volume correction and dopamine HCl, the better the prognosis. Where appropriate, blood volume restoration with a suitable plasma expander or whole blood should be accomplished prior to administration of dopamine HCl. Poor Perfusion of Vital Organs – Urine flow appears to be one of the better diagnostic signs by which adequacy of vital organ perfusion can be monitored. Nevertheless, the physician should also observe the patient for signs of reversal of confusion or reversal of comatose condition. Loss of pallor, increase in toe temperature, and/or adequacy of nail bed capillary filling may also be used as indices of adequate dosage. Clinical studies have shown that when dopamine HCl is administered before urine flow has diminished to levels of approximately 0.3 mL/minute, prognosis is more favorable. Nevertheless, in a number of oliguric or anuric patients, administration of dopamine HCl has resulted in an increase in urine flow, which in some cases reached normal levels. Dopamine HCl may also increase urine flow in patients whose output is within normal limits and thus may be of value in reducing the degree of pre-existing fluid accumulation. It should be noted that at doses above those optimal for the individual patient, urine flow may decrease, necessitating reduction of dosage. Low Cardiac Output – Increased cardiac output is related to dopamine’s direct inotropic effect on the myocardium. Increased cardiac output at low or moderate doses appears to be related to a favorable prognosis. Increase in cardiac output has been associated with either static or decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Static or decreased SVR associated with low or moderate movements in cardiac output is believed to be a reflection of differential effects on specific vascular beds with increased resistance in peripheral beds (e.g., femoral) and concomitant decreases in mesenteric and renal vascular beds. Redistribution of blood flow parallels these changes so that an increase in cardiac output is accompanied by an increase in mesenteric and renal blood flow. In many instances the renal fraction of the total cardiac output has been found to increase. Increase in cardiac output produced by dopamine is not associated with substantial decreases in systemic vascular resistance as may occur with isoproterenol. Hypotension – Hypotension due to inadequate cardiac output can be managed by administration of low to moderate doses of dopamine HCl which have little effect on SVR. At high therapeutic doses, dopamine’s alpha-adrenergic activity becomes more prominent and thus may correct hypotension due to diminished SVR. As in the case of other circulatory decompensation states, prognosis is better in patients whose blood pressure and urine flow have not undergone profound deterioration. Therefore, it is suggested that the physician administer dopamine HCl as soon as a definite trend toward decreased systolic and diastolic pressure becomes evident.
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1712 ng/mL
250 mg single, oral
dose: 250 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DOPAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2926 ng × h/mL
250 mg single, oral
dose: 250 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DOPAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1.6 h
250 mg single, oral
dose: 250 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DOPAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer





Drug as victim
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Kappa-opioid receptor activation prevents alterations in mesocortical dopamine neurotransmission that occur during abstinence from cocaine.
2000
Low selenium diet induces tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme in nigrostriatal system of the rat.
2000 Dec 8
Role of heme oxygenase-1 in the regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase gene expression in oxidatively-challenged astroglia.
2000 Oct
Repeated adenosine pre-treatment potentiates the acute effect of methamphetamine in rats.
2000 Sep
Role of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the micturition reflex in conscious rats.
2001
SCH 23390 affords protection against soman-evoked seizures in the freely moving guinea-pig: a concomitant neurochemical, electrophysiological and behavioural study.
2001
Haplotype evolution and linkage disequilibrium: A simulation study.
2001
Effect of GBR 12909 and fluoxetine on the acute and long term changes induced by MDMA ('ecstasy') on the 5-HT and dopamine concentrations in mouse brain.
2001
The effects of nitric oxide on the oxidations of l-dopa and dopamine mediated by tyrosinase and peroxidase.
2001 Apr 6
Neurotensin gene expression and behavioral responses following administration of psychostimulants and antipsychotic drugs in dopamine D(3) receptor deficient mice.
2001 Feb
Pharmacology and behavioral pharmacology of the mesocortical dopamine system.
2001 Feb
Lymphocyte populations in Parkinson's disease and in rat models of parkinsonism.
2001 Feb 1
Dopamine D-1/D-5 receptor activation is required for long-term potentiation in the rat neostriatum in vitro.
2001 Jan
Association analysis of a functional catechol-o-methyltransferase gene polymorphism in schizophrenic patients in Taiwan.
2001 Jan
Monoamine compounds in cerebrospinal fluid of healthy subjects punctured without preceding strict bed rest: a pilot study.
2001 Jan
The effects of water-odor preference conditioning in the preadolescent nucleus accumbens septi.
2001 Jan
In vivo measurement of haloperidol affinity to dopamine D2/D3 receptors by [123I]IBZM and single photon emission computed tomography.
2001 Jan
Ascorbic acid increases the yield of dopaminergic neurons derived from basic fibroblast growth factor expanded mesencephalic precursors.
2001 Jan
Nicotinic agonists stimulate acetylcholine release from mouse interpeduncular nucleus: a function mediated by a different nAChR than dopamine release from striatum.
2001 Jan
Investigation of non-linear properties of multichannel EEG in the early stages of Parkinson's disease.
2001 Jan
Changes of biogenic amine levels in haemolymph during diapausing and non-diapausing status in Pieris brassicae L.
2001 Jan
Characterization of acute inhibition of Na/H exchanger NHE-3 by dopamine in opossum kidney cells.
2001 Jan
The central aromatic amino acid DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, NSD-1015, does not inhibit L-DOPA-induced circling in unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned-rats.
2001 Jan
Adenosine activates aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase activity in the kidney and increases dopamine.
2001 Jan
Dopamine D2 receptor regulation of the dopamine transporter expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes is voltage-independent.
2001 Jan
The antidepressant-sensitive dopamine transporter in Drosophila melanogaster: a primordial carrier for catecholamines.
2001 Jan
Effects of hyperprolactinemia on rat prostate growth: evidence of androgeno-dependence.
2001 Jan
Pharmacological agents for the treatment of urinary incontinence due to overactive bladder.
2001 Jan
Biochemical and immunohistological changes in the brain of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mouse.
2001 Jan
A study of the binding requirements of calyculin A and dephosphonocalyculin A with PP1, development of a molecular recognition model for the binding interactions of the okadaic acid class of compounds with PP1.
2001 Jan
Fatty acid derivatives of clozapine: prolonged antidopaminergic activity of docosahexaenoylclozapine in the rat.
2001 Jan
Amphetamine-type central nervous system stimulants release norepinephrine more potently than they release dopamine and serotonin.
2001 Jan
Neurotoxic regimen of methamphetamine produces evidence of behavioral sensitization in the rat.
2001 Jan
Iboga interactions with psychomotor stimulants: panacea in the paradox?
2001 Jan
Regulation by the medial amygdala of copulation and medial preoptic dopamine release.
2001 Jan 1
Motivational effects of ethanol in DARPP-32 knock-out mice.
2001 Jan 1
Prepulse inhibition deficits and perseverative motor patterns in dopamine transporter knock-out mice: differential effects of D1 and D2 receptor antagonists.
2001 Jan 1
Characterization of extracellular dopamine clearance in the medial prefrontal cortex: role of monoamine uptake and monoamine oxidase inhibition.
2001 Jan 1
Toxic effects of apomorphine on rat cultured neurons and glial C6 cells, and protection with antioxidants.
2001 Jan 1
Nicotine prevents striatal dopamine loss produced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the substantia nigra.
2001 Jan 12
The human dopamine transporter gene: the 5'-flanking region reveals five diallelic polymorphic sites in a Caucasian population sample.
2001 Jan 12
Glutaredoxin protects cerebellar granule neurons from dopamine-induced apoptosis by activating NF-kappa B via Ref-1.
2001 Jan 12
The effects of LY393613, nimodipine and verapamil, in focal cerebral ischaemia.
2001 Jan 5
Activation of dopamine D(1)-like receptor causes phosphorylation of alpha(1)-subunit of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in rat renal proximal tubules.
2001 Jan 5
Helium-oxygen pressure induces striatal glutamate increase: a microdialysis study in freely-moving rats.
2001 Jan 5
Indirubins inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta and CDK5/p25, two protein kinases involved in abnormal tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease. A property common to most cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors?
2001 Jan 5
Gyroxin fails to modify in vitro release of labelled dopamine and acetylcholine from rat and mouse striatal tissue.
2001 Jun
A new in vitro approach for investigating the MPTP effect on DA uptake.
2001 Mar
Determination of residues in the norepinephrine transporter that are critical for tricyclic antidepressant affinity.
2001 Mar 16
Importance of barrier shape in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Vibrationally assisted hydrogen tunneling in tryptophan tryptophylquinone-dependent amine dehydrogenases.
2001 Mar 2
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Rate of Administration – Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection, USP after dilution, is administered intravenously by infusion via a suitable I.V. catheter or needle. When administering Dopamine Hydrochloride (or any potent medication) by continuous intravenous infusion, it is advisable to use a precision volume control I.V. set. Each patient must be individually titrated to the desired hemodynamic or renal response to dopamine. In titrating to the desired increase in systolic blood pressure, the optimum dosage rate for renal response may be exceeded, thus necessitating a reduction in rate after the hemodynamic condition is stabilized. Administration at rates greater than 50 mcg/kg/min have safely been used in advanced circulatory decompensation states. If unnecessary fluid expansion is of concern, adjustment of drug concentration may be preferred over increasing the flow rate of a less concentrated dilution. Suggested Regimen: 1. When appropriate, increase blood volume with whole blood or plasma until central venous pressure is 10 to 15 cm H2O or pulmonary wedge pressure is 14 to 18 mm Hg. 2. Begin infusion of diluted solution at doses of 2 – 5 mcg/kg/min of Dopamine Hydrochloride in patients who are likely to respond to modest increments of heart force and renal perfusion. In more seriously ill patients, begin infusion of diluted solution at doses of 5 mcg/kg/min of Dopamine Hydrochloride and increase gradually using 5 to 10 mcg/kg/min increments up to a rate of 20 to 50 mcg/kg/min as needed. If doses in excess of 50 mcg/kg/min are required, it is advisable to check urine output frequently. Should urinary flow begin to decrease in the absence of hypotension, reduction of dopamine dosage should be considered. Multiclinic trials have shown that more than 50 percent of patients have been satisfactorily maintained on doses less than 20 mcg/kg/min. In patients who do not respond to these doses with adequate arterial pressures or urine flow, additional increments of dopamine may be given in an effort to produce an appropriate arterial pressure and central perfusion. 3. Treatment of all patients requires constant evaluation of therapy in terms of blood volume, augmentation of cardiac contractility, and distribution of peripheral perfusion. Dosage of dopamine should be adjusted according to the patient’s response, with particular attention to diminution of established urine flow rate, increasing tachycardia or development of new dysrhythmias as indices for decreasing or temporarily suspending the dosage. 4. As with all potent intravenously administered drugs, care should be taken to control the rate of administration to avoid inadvertent administration of a bolus of the drug. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Route of Administration: Intravenous
In Vitro Use Guide
Unknown
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
Record UNII
7L3E358N9L
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
EP   MART.   MI   ORANGE BOOK   USAN   USP   USP-RS   VANDF   WHO-DD   WHO-IP  
USAN  
Official Name English
INTROPIN
Preferred Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol hydrochloride
Systematic Name English
INOTROPIN
Common Name English
TENSAMIN
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [MI]
Common Name English
CARDIOSTERIL
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [MART.]
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
DOPAMINI HYDROCHLORIDUM [WHO-IP LATIN]
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP-RS]
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USAN]
Common Name English
Dopamine hydrochloride [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [VANDF]
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HCL
Common Name English
1,2-BENZENEDIOL, 4-(2-AMINOETHYL)-, HYDROCHLORIDE
Systematic Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]
Common Name English
ASL-279
Code English
NSC-169105
Code English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C29709
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 578817
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
PUBCHEM
65340
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL59
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DBSALT000508
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C455
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NSC
169105
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
7L3E358N9L
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB01818MIG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID7020550
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
82010
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
RS_ITEM_NUM
1225204
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
200-527-8
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000092011
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
62-31-7
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WHO INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPEIA
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Description: Colourless crystals or a white or almost white, crystalline powder; odourless.Solubility: Freely soluble in water; soluble in methanol R; practically insoluble in ether R and toluene R.Category: Cardiovascular drug; sympathomimetic.Storage: Dopamine hydrochloride should be kept in a well-closed container, protected from light.Requirements: Definition. Dopamine hydrochloride contains not less than 98.0% and not more than 101.0% of C8H11NO2,HCl, calculated withreference to the dried substance.
MERCK INDEX
m4740
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
FDA UNII
7L3E358N9L
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:37:04 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
BASIS OF STRENGTH->SUBSTANCE
ASSAY (TITRATION)
EP
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE
BASIS OF STRENGTH->SUBSTANCE
ASSAY (TITRATION)
USP
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IMPURITY -> PARENT
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ACTIVE MOIETY