U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS
Glucagon is a polypeptide hormone identical to human glucagon that increases blood glucose and relaxes smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. Glucagon is synthesized in a special non-pathogenic laboratory strain of Escherichia coli bacteria that has been genetically altered by the addition of the gene for glucagon. Glucagon generally elevates the concentration of glucose in the blood by promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Glucagon also decreases fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue and the liver, as well as promoting lipolysis in these tissues, which causes them to release fatty acids into circulation where they can be catabolised to generate energy in tissues such as skeletal muscle when required. Glucose is stored in the liver in the form of the polysaccharide glycogen, which is a glucan (a polymer made up of glucose molecules). Liver cells (hepatocytes) have glucagon receptors. When glucagon binds to the glucagon receptors, the liver cells convert the glycogen into individual glucose molecules and release them into the bloodstream, in a process known as glycogenolysis. As these stores become depleted, glucagon then encourages the liver and kidney to synthesize additional glucose by gluconeogenesis. Glucagon turns off glycolysis in the liver, causing glycolytic intermediates to be shuttled to gluconeogenesis. Glucagon also regulates the rate of glucose production through lipolysis. Glucagon induces lipolysis in humans under conditions of insulin suppression (such as diabetes mellitus type 1). Glucagon increases blood glucose concentration and is used in the treatment of hypoglycemia. Glucagon administered through a parenteral route relaxes smooth muscle of the stomach, duodenum, small bowel, and colon. Glucagon is also indicated as a diagnostic aid in the radiologic examination of the stomach, duodenum, small bowel, and colon when diminished intestinal motility would be advantageous.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
GLUCAGON

Approved Use

INDICATIONS: For temporary relief of symptoms related to increased appetite, regulation of fat metabolism and detoxification of stress.** **These statements are based upon homeopathic principles. They have not been reviewed by the Food and Drug Administration.

Launch Date

1960
Substance Class Protein
Created
by admin
on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
Edited
by admin
on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
Protein Sub Type
Sequence Type COMPLETE
Record UNII
76LA80IG2G
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Related Record Type
Alternative Definition
Name Type Language
Glucagon
INN   JAN   MART.   USP   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INN  
Official Name English
GLUCAGON [VANDF]
Common Name English
AMINO ACID SEQUENCES OF PORCINE, BOVINE, AND HUMAN GLUCAGON ARE IDENTICAL
Common Name English
glucagon [INN]
Common Name English
GLUCAGON [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
BAQSIMI
Brand Name English
GLUCAGON [JAN]
Common Name English
Glucagon [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
GLUCAGON [USP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
GVOKE HYPOPEN
Brand Name English
GLUCAGEN
Brand Name English
GLUCAGON, PIG
Common Name English
GLUCAGON [MI]
Common Name English
HIS-SER-GLN-GLY-THR-PHE-THR-SER-ASP-TYR-SER-LYS-TYR-LEU-ASP-SER-ARG-ARG-ALA-GLN-ASP-PHE-VAL-GLN-TRP-LEU-MET-ASN-THR
Common Name English
GLUCAGON [MART.]
Common Name English
GLUCAGON [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
GLUCAGON, PORCINE
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 366812
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 616317
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 427514
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
WHO-VATC QH04AA01
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
LOINC 2338-2
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
LIVERTOX 461
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000190853
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
EU-Orphan Drug EU/3/18/2091
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000190852
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
LOINC 15073-0
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
LOINC 66734-5
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
LOINC 2337-4
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
WHO-ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST 18.5
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
WHO-ATC H04AA01
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
Code System Code Type Description
MERCK INDEX
m5751
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
4832
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY RxNorm
DAILYMED
76LA80IG2G
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
MESH
D005934
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL266481
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000009345
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Increased Glycogenolysis [PE]
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
232-708-2
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
9007-92-5
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
NO STRUCTURE GIVEN
NDF-RT
N0000009340
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Increased Gluconeogenesis [PE]
WIKIPEDIA
GLUCAGON
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
76LA80IG2G
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C520
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB02347MIG
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00040
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
IUPHAR
1136
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000008636
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Decreased GI Smooth Muscle Tone [PE]
PUBCHEM
16132283
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000008652
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Decreased Glycolysis [PE]
SMS_ID
100000089633
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
5391
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000008635
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Decreased GI Motility [PE]
INN
933
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
16941-32-5
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
2994
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 14:13:11 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
SUB_CONCEPT->SUBSTANCE
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY
Name Property Type Amount Referenced Substance Defining Parameters References
Molecular Formula CHEMICAL
MOL_WEIGHT:NUMBER(CALCULATED) CHEMICAL