U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry RACEMIC
Molecular Formula C10H15N3O5
Molecular Weight 257.2432
Optical Activity ( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 1
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of BENSERAZIDE

SMILES

NC(CO)C(=O)NNCC1=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C1

InChI

InChIKey=BNQDCRGUHNALGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C10H15N3O5/c11-6(4-14)10(18)13-12-3-5-1-2-7(15)9(17)8(5)16/h1-2,6,12,14-17H,3-4,11H2,(H,13,18)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C10H15N3O5
Molecular Weight 257.2432
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry RACEMIC
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 1
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity ( + / - )

Benserazide is a peripherally-acting aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) or DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor. Benserazide is only used in conjunction with L-dopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease under the brand name Madopar in the UK. Madopar HBS (125 mg) is a controlled-release dosage form with 100 mg L-dopa and 25 mg benserazide.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Benserazide is unable to cross the blood–brain barrier.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
550.0 nM [IC50]
30.0 µM [IC50]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
MADOPAR

Approved Use

MADOPAR is indicated for the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's syndrome with the exception of medicine-induced parkinsonism.
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
620.2 ng/mL
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
627.5 ng/mL
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
0.287 μM
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
8.37 μM
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
1.5 ng/mL
25 mg 3 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
2.2 ng/mL
50 mg 3 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
1.9 ng/mL
50 mg 3 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2784.7 ng × h/mL
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
2753.7 ng × h/mL
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
511 μM × h
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
1.8 ng × h/mL
25 mg 3 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
3.7 ng × h/mL
50 mg 3 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
3.7 ng × h/mL
50 mg 3 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2.28 h
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
1.79 h
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
48.6 min
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
BENSERAZIDE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
72 min
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: LEVODOPA
LEVODOPA plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Disc. AE: Anxiety, Restlessness...
Other AEs: Vomiting...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Anxiety (2.2%)
Restlessness (2.2%)
Sleepiness (2.2%)
Nausea (4.4%)
Confusion (2.2%)
Hallucinations (2.2%)
Other AEs:
Vomiting (4.4%)
Sources:
200 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 3 times / day
Sources:
healthy, ADULT
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Anxiety 2.2%
Disc. AE
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Confusion 2.2%
Disc. AE
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Hallucinations 2.2%
Disc. AE
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Restlessness 2.2%
Disc. AE
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Sleepiness 2.2%
Disc. AE
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Vomiting 4.4%
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Nausea 4.4%
Disc. AE
200 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer




Drug as perpetrator​Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
no
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Paraphilic behaviours in a parkinsonian patient with hedonistic homeostatic dysregulation.
2006-12
Levodopa availability improves with progression of Parkinson's disease.
2006-09
Increased slow oscillatory activity in substantia nigra pars reticulata triggers abnormal involuntary movements in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat in the presence of excessive extracellular striatal dopamine.
2006-06
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced c-Fos expression in the CNS under inhibition of central aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase.
2006-06
Electrophysiological characterization of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in partially lesioned rats: effects of subthalamotomy and levodopa treatment.
2006-04-21
Prevention of levodopa-induced dyskinesias by a selective NR1A/2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist in parkinsonian monkeys: implication of preproenkephalin.
2006-01
Effect of L-dopa decarboxylase inhibitor benserazide on renal function in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
2006
A spectroscopic study on applicability of spectral analysis for simultaneous quantification of l-dopa, benserazide and ascorbic acid in batch and flow systems.
2005-11
Impact of levodopa on reduced nerve growth factor levels in patients with Parkinson disease.
2005-10-22
Uptake and decarboxylation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in cultured monkey placenta amniotic epithelial cells.
2005-09-06
Enhanced cortical dopamine output and antipsychotic-like effect of raclopride with adjunctive low-dose L-dopa.
2005-08-15
[Idiopathic Parkinson's disease: practical hints for the treatment].
2005-07-27
Pharmacological validation of a mouse model of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.
2005-07
Genetic polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase and levodopa pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic pattern in patients with Parkinson's disease.
2005-06
Levodopa + carbidopa + entacapone. Entacapone: a second look: new preparations. Parkinson's disease: a modest effect.
2005-04
Localized pemphigoid on the soles of both feet.
2005-04
Cross talk between the intrarenal dopaminergic and cyclooxygenase-2 systems.
2005-04
Cholinopositive effect of dilept (neurotensin peptidomimetic) as the basis of its mnemotropic effect.
2005-03
DOPA-sensitive dystonia-plus syndrome.
2005-03
Early administration of entacapone prevents levodopa-induced motor fluctuations in hemiparkinsonian rats.
2005-03
3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine reverses the motor deficits in Pitx3-deficient aphakia mice: behavioral characterization of a novel genetic model of Parkinson's disease.
2005-02-23
[Madopar in the complex therapy of ischemic insult].
2005-01
[Six months treatment of restless legs syndrome with levodopa/benserazide in domiciliary practice].
2004-12-09
Simultaneous determination of levodopa and benserazide by stopped-flow injection analysis and three-way multivariate calibration of kinetic-spectrophotometric data.
2004-11-15
[What helps in the treatment of restless legs?].
2004-11-11
L-DOPA reverses the hypokinetic behaviour and rigidity in rotenone-treated rats.
2004-08-31
Influence of dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors on growth, peptidase activity, and ammonia production by ruminal microorganisms.
2004-08
Antinociceptive mechanism of L-DOPA.
2004-07
Chronic levodopa intake increases levodopa plasma bioavailability in patients with Parkinson's disease.
2004-06-17
The neurobehavioral changes induced by bilateral rotenone lesion in medial forebrain bundle of rats are reversed by L-DOPA.
2004-05-05
Treatment of idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) with slow-release valproic acid compared with slow-release levodopa/benserazid.
2004-05
Parkinsonism following anterior choroidal artery stroke.
2004-04
Comparison between dopaminergic agents and physical exercise as treatment for periodic limb movements in patients with spinal cord injury.
2004-04
Static mechanical hyperalgesia without dynamic tactile allodynia in patients with restless legs syndrome.
2004-04
Augmentation of endogenous dopamine production increases lung liquid clearance.
2004-03-15
Phenotypic heterogeneity of dopa-responsive dystonia in monozygotic twins.
2004-02-24
Effect of the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine on L-DOPA biotransformation in rat striatum.
2004-02-20
[Influence of L-DOPA on rat brain depending on individual behavioral features].
2004
Depletion and restoration of endogenous monoamines affects beta-CIT binding to serotonin but not dopamine transporters in non-human primates.
2004
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric identification of dopaminergic metabolites in striata of rats treated with L-DOPA.
2004
Improvement of sleep hypopnea by antiparkinsonian drugs in a patient with Parkinson's disease: a polysomnographic study.
2003-11
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between BIA 3-202, a novel COMT inhibitor, and levodopa/benserazide.
2003-11
Levodopa pharmacokinetics and dyskinesias: are there sex-related differences?
2003-10
One-year treatment with standard and sustained-release levodopa: appropriate long-term treatment of restless legs syndrome?
2003-10
Hyperleptinemia elicited by the 5-HT precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan in mice: involvement of insulin.
2003-09-19
Effect of acute and chronic administration of U50,488, a kappa opioid receptor agonist, in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats chronically treated with levodopa.
2003-09
Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibition in erythrocytes and liver by BIA 3-202 (1-[3,4-dibydroxy-5-nitrophenyl]-2-phenyl-ethanone).
2003-06
[The effect of shourong compound formula on levels of dopamine and its metabolites in brain of Parkinson's disease mice induced by reserpine].
2002-05
A case report of dopa-responsive dystonia.
2001-06
Effects of brain serotonin alterations on prostaglandin E1-induced bradycardia in rats.
1979-02
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Patients NOT already treated with levodopa: The usual starting dose is one 50 mg/12.5 mg tablet (50 mg levodopa), three or four times a day. Your doctor will then increase your dose every 2 to 3 days until they find the right dose for you. Patients already treated with levodopa: Your starting dose of Madopar will be one less 100 mg/25 mg tablet than the number of levodopa 500 mg capsules or tablets you take each day. For example if you take four levodopa tablets (2000 mg levodopa) each day, your doctor will start by giving you three Madopar 100 mg/25 mg tablets daily. After one week your doctor may then start to increase your dose every 2 to 3 days until they find the right dose for you. Patients already treated with a combined levodopa/decarboxylase inhibitor: The usual starting dose is one 50 mg/12.5 mg tablet (50 mg levodopa), three or four times a day. Your doctor will then increase your dose every 2 to 3 days until they find the right dose for you.
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Benserazide inhibited AADC with IC50 550 and 530 nM in the presence and absence of 1 mM pargyline, respectively.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
Record UNII
762OS3ZEJU
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
BENSERAZIDE
INN   MART.   MI   USAN   WHO-DD  
INN   USAN  
Official Name English
MADOPAR COMPONENT BENSERAZIDE
Preferred Name English
BENSERAZIDE [USAN]
Common Name English
DL-SERINE, 2-((2,3,4-TRIHYDROXYPHENYL)METHYL)HYDRAZIDE
Common Name English
RO 4-4602
Code English
Benserazide [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
BENSERAZIDE [MART.]
Common Name English
BENSERAZIDE [MI]
Common Name English
PROLOPA COMPONENT BENSERAZIDE
Brand Name English
DL-SERINE 2-(2,3,4-TRIHYDROXYBENZYL)HYDRAZIDE
Common Name English
benserazide [INN]
Common Name English
RO-4-4602
Code English
SERAZIDE
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C38149
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
NCI_THESAURUS C471
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
INN
3026
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000086357
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
314
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
2327
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
322-35-0
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB12783
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1096979
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
IUPHAR
5150
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
64187
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C81109
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
BENSERAZIDE
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m2322
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
RXCUI
1374
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
EVMPD
SUB05731MIG
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID9022651
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MESH
D001545
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
762OS3ZEJU
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 08:56:07 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
TARGET -> INHIBITOR
ENANTIOMER -> RACEMATE
ENANTIOMER -> RACEMATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY