| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C28H28N4O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 468.5469 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CN(C)C[C@@H]1CCN2C=C(C3=C2C=CC=C3)C4=C(C(=O)NC4=O)C5=CN(CCO1)C6=C5C=CC=C6
InChI
InChIKey=ZCBUQCWBWNUWSU-SFHVURJKSA-N
InChI=1S/C28H28N4O3/c1-30(2)15-18-11-12-31-16-21(19-7-3-5-9-23(19)31)25-26(28(34)29-27(25)33)22-17-32(13-14-35-18)24-10-6-4-8-20(22)24/h3-10,16-18H,11-15H2,1-2H3,(H,29,33,34)/t18-/m0/s1
| Molecular Formula | C28H28N4O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 468.5469 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
MOL RATIO
1 MOL RATIO (average) |
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Ruboxistaurin is an orally bioavailable, selective, potent inhibitor of protein kinase C β developed for treating diabetic retinopathy. In vitro and in vivo non-clinical models have demonstrated that Ruboxistaurin decreases PKC β activity and ameliorates many of the effects of PKC β on pathologic processes in the retina. Ruboxistaurin prevents the slowing of retinal blood flow that is observed by fluorescein video angiography in the eyes of diabetic rats. It is also reported to cause regression of retinal neovascularization produced by laser-induced major branch vein occlusions in a porcine model. Ruboxistaurin positively affected the diabetes-induced retinal blood flow abnormalities in a Phase Ib study in diabetic patients. Ruboxistaurin is in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic macular edema. Eli Lilly had submitted Ruboxistaurin for approval in the US and the EU; however, the company subsequently discontinued development as it was unable to demonstrate sufficient efficacy
Originator
Approval Year
Sourcing
PubMed
Patents
Sample Use Guides
HUVECs co-cultured with fibroblasts were cultivated in the presence or absence of various concentrations of ruboxistaurin (0.1 and 1 mkM) plus VEGF (10 ng/ml) at days 1, 4, 7 and 9. The ruboxistaurin was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, final concentration of DMSO was 0.1%). DMSO (0.1%) was added to the non-drug control (control group). At day 11, cells were fixed in 70% ethanol. The cells were incubated with diluted primary antibody (mouse anti-human CD31, 1 : 4000) for 1 h at 37 C, and with the secondary antibody (goat anti-mouse IgG alkaline phosphataseconjugated antibody, 1 : 500) for 1 h at 37 C. Visualization was achieved using 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate/nitro blue tetrazolium.
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