TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE

US Approved OTC

First marketed in 1932

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C15H24N2O2.ClH
Molecular Weight	300.824
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

Cl.CCCCNC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)OCCN(C)C

InChI

InChIKey=PPWHTZKZQNXVAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C15H24N2O2.ClH/c1-4-5-10-16-14-8-6-13(7-9-14)15(18)19-12-11-17(2)3;/h6-9,16H,4-5,10-12H2,1-3H3;1H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	ClH
Molecular Weight	36.461
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	C15H24N2O2
Molecular Weight	264.3633
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/208135s000lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetracaine http://www.medchemexpress.com/Tetracaine.html

Tetracaine (INN, also known as amethocaine; trade name Pontocaine. Ametop and Dicaine) is a potent local anesthetic of the ester group. It is mainly used topically in ophthalmology and as an antipruritic, and it has been used in spinal anesthesia. Tetracaine blocks sodium ion channels required for the initiation and conduction of neuronal impulses thereby affecting local anesthesia. In biomedical research, tetracaine is used to alter the function of calcium release channels (ryanodine receptors) that control the release of calcium from intracellular stores. Tetracaine is an allosteric blocker of channel function. At low concentrations, tetracaine causes an initial inhibition of spontaneous calcium release events, while at high concentrations, tetracaine blocks release completely.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Sodium channel alpha subunit 72 Target ID: CHEMBL2331043 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/208135s000lbl.pdf	Blocker 555

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Rapid and short-acting topical ophthalmic anesthetic 3 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/208135s000lbl.pdf	Primary		Approved 8583	TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE Approved Use is indicated for procedures requiring a rapid and shortacting topical ophthalmic anesthetic Launch Date 2006

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
0.24 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	18 mg single, nasal dose: 18 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	TETRACAINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
1.15 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	36 mg single, nasal dose: 36 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	TETRACAINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
492 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	18 mg single, nasal dose: 18 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	4-(BUTYLAMINO)BENZOIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
886 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	36 mg single, nasal dose: 36 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	4-(BUTYLAMINO)BENZOIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
862 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	18 mg single, nasal dose: 18 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	4-(BUTYLAMINO)BENZOIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
1773 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	36 mg single, nasal dose: 36 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	4-(BUTYLAMINO)BENZOIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	18 mg single, nasal dose: 18 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	4-(BUTYLAMINO)BENZOIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
1.01 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22855901/	36 mg single, nasal dose: 36 mg route of administration: Nasal experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: OXYMETAZOLINE	OXYMETAZOLINE	4-(BUTYLAMINO)BENZOIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
0.5 % multiple, oromucosal Dose: 0.5 % Route: oromucosal Route: multiple Dose: 0.5 % Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2721319	unhealthy, 75 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 75 years Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2721319	Other AEs: Toxic reaction (NOS)... Other AEs: Toxic reaction (NOS) (grade 5) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2721319

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Toxic reaction (NOS)	grade 5	0.5 % multiple, oromucosal Dose: 0.5 % Route: oromucosal Route: multiple Dose: 0.5 % Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2721319	unhealthy, 75 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 75 years Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2721319

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
			inhibitor 2217

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
Nav1.5 116

Tox targets

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
Nav1.5 119	inhibitor 2237 Sources: https://www.nanion.de/images/phocadownloadpap/Application_Notes/Nanion_APP_Note_CE96_PL_384PE_CiPA_CardiacChannels_07001.pdf#page=3 Page: 3.0
hERG 2263	inhibitor 2237 Sources: https://www.nanion.de/images/phocadownloadpap/Application_Notes/Nanion_APP_Note_CE96_PL_384PE_CiPA_CardiacChannels_07001.pdf#page=2 Page: 2.0

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:9468	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:9468
ChemicalBook	CB9775567	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB9775567
eMolecules	594825	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=594825
MolPort	MolPort-001-783-476	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-001-783-476
ZINC	ZINC000001530811	http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000001530811

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Calcium-induced calcium release and cyclic ADP-ribose-mediated signaling in the myocytes from small coronary arteries.	2002-09	12204658
Prophylactic IM small-dose phenylephrine blunts spinal anesthesia-induced hypotensive response during surgical repair of hip fracture in the elderly.	2002-09	12198065
Amphiphilic effects of local anesthetics on rotational mobility in neuronal and model membranes.	2002-08-19	12101004
Simultaneous determination of mepivacaine, tetracaine, and p-butylaminobenzoic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography.	2002-08-17	12183188
Managing patients with local anesthetic complications using alternative methods.	2002-08-15	12174527
Principles of office anesthesia: part II. Topical anesthesia.	2002-07-01	12126037
Allosterically linked noncompetitive antagonist binding sites in the resting nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ion channel.	2002-07-01	12061809
Ciguatoxin-induced oscillations in membrane potential and action potential firing in rat parasympathetic neurons.	2002-07	12169106
The inhibitory effect of local anesthetics on bradykinin-induced phospholipase D activation in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.	2002-07	12088949
Assessment of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) flux pathways in cardiomyocytes from rabbits with infarct-induced left-ventricular dysfunction.	2002-06	12111244
Interaction of monosulfonate tetraphenyl porphyrin, a competitive inhibitor, with acetylcholinesterase.	2002-06	11959466
Amethocaine-lidocaine cream, a new topical formulation for preventing venopuncture-induced pain in children.	2002-05-23	12016603
Agonist-induced phasic and tonic responses in smooth muscle are mediated by InsP(3).	2002-05-15	11973361
A laser-clinic nurse with allergic contact dermatitis from tetracaine.	2002-05	12084090
The effect of baricity of intrathecal morphine in children receiving tetracaine spinal anaesthesia for cardiac surgery: a preliminary report.	2002-05	11982840
Involvement of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family in tetracaine-induced PC12 cell death.	2002-05	11981161
Reagent-less detection of a competitive inhibitor of immobilized acetylcholinesterase.	2002-05	11888725
Tetramethylpyrazine attenuates spinal cord ischemic injury due to aortic cross-clamping in rabbits.	2002-04-17	11960559
Radial artery cannulation: topical amethocaine gel versus lidocaine infiltration.	2002-04	12066736
Lidocaine-prilocaine cream versus tetracaine gel for procedural pain in children.	2002-04	11918521
Buprenorphine added to the local anesthetic for axillary brachial plexus block prolongs postoperative analgesia.	2002-03-27	11915063
Bupivacaine, but not tetracaine, protects against the in vitro ischemic insult of rat hippocampal CA1 neurons.	2002-03	11900832
Topical anesthesia for minor gynecological procedures: a review.	2002-03	11889416
Spinal anesthesia in 62 premature, former-premature or young infants--technical aspects and pitfalls.	2002-03	11861344
A novel Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release mechanism mediated by neither inositol trisphosphate nor ryanodine receptors.	2002-02-01	11802790
Role of the dorsomedial striatum in behavioral flexibility for response and visual cue discrimination learning.	2002-02	11898801
Intercostal nerve block with 5% tetracaine for chronic pain syndromes.	2002-02	11880021
Lidocaine inhibits secretion of IL-8 and IL-1beta and stimulates secretion of IL-1 receptor antagonist by epithelial cells.	2002-02	11876744
The inhibition of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel by local anesthetics in mouse CA1 pyramidal neurons.	2002-02	11812692
Functional properties of ryanodine receptors from rat dorsal root ganglia.	2002-01-30	11821055
The feasibility of office-based laser-assisted tympanic membrane fenestration with tympanostomy tube insertion: the duPont Hospital experience.	2002-01-11	11738691
Distribution of tetracaine and its metabolite in rabbits after high versus normal spinal anesthesia.	2001-12-27	11792502
Spark- and ember-like elementary Ca2+ release events in skinned fibres of adult mammalian skeletal muscle.	2001-12-01	11731572
Topical anesthetics update: EMLA and beyond.	2001-12	11849263
Allergic contact dermatitis from local anaesthetic on peristomal skin.	2001-12	11846754
An integrative, in situ approach to examining K+ flux in resting skeletal muscle.	2001-12	11824943
[An electrophysiological study of ropivacaine on excised cervical vagus nerves of rabbit].	2001-12	11797357
Pharmacological regulation of gastric acid secretion in the apical membrane of parietal cells; a new target for antisecretory drugs.	2001-12	11787764
High-concentration tetracaine for the management of trigeminal neuralgia: quantitative assessment of sensory function after peripheral nerve block.	2001-12	11783812
Histamine-induced Ca2+ release in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.	2001-12	11770005
Role of the bandage soft contact lens in the postoperative laser in situ keratomileusis patient.	2001-12	11738907
Inhibition of wild-type and mutant neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by local anesthetics.	2001-12	11723244
Local anesthetics noncompetitively inhibit function of four distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes.	2001-12	11714893
Ouabain stimulates unidirectional and net potassium efflux in resting mammalian skeletal muscle.	2001-11	11760095
Cauda equina syndrome after spinal tetracaine: electromyographic evaluation--20 years follow-up.	2001-11	11685003
[Low dose intrathecal morphine and postoperative pain relief in elderly patients].	2001-10	11712341
Spinal anesthesia in children: pro.	2001-09	11778106
Role of the dopamine transporter and the sodium channel in the cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects of local anesthetics in rats.	2001-09	11605081
From cocaine to ropivacaine: the history of local anesthetic drugs.	2001-08	11895133
Topical anesthetics in children: agents and techniques that equally comfort patients, parents, and clinicians.	2001-08	11717557

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

One drop topically in the eye(s)

Route of Administration: Topical

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:52:58 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:52:58 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	5NF5D4OPCI
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

KOVANAZE COMPONENT TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Preferred Name

English

NSC-757337

Code

English

MENONASAL

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHYL P-(BUTYLAMINO)BENZOATE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

TETOCAINE

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

TETRACAINI HYDROCHLORIDUM [WHO-IP LATIN]

Common Name

English

BUTETHANOL

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

PANTOCAINE

Common Name

English

CURTACAIN

Common Name

English

BENZOIC ACID, 4-(BUTYLAMINO)-, 2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHYL ESTER, MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

DICAINUM [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HCL

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]

Common Name

English

TETRACA

Brand Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [GREEN BOOK]

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

Tetracaine hydrochloride [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

AMETHOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

ANETHAINE

Common Name

English

TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NCI_THESAURUS

C245