Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C19H15NO7.2Na.3H2O |
| Molecular Weight | 469.3503 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].CCCC1=C2OC(=CC(=O)C2=CC3=C1N(CC)C(=CC3=O)C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O
InChI
InChIKey=QRUGNCIIESVHAR-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChI=1S/C19H17NO7.2Na.3H2O/c1-3-5-9-16-10(13(21)7-12(18(23)24)20(16)4-2)6-11-14(22)8-15(19(25)26)27-17(9)11;;;;;/h6-8H,3-5H2,1-2H3,(H,23,24)(H,25,26);;;3*1H2/q;2*+1;;;/p-2
| Molecular Formula | C19H15NO7 |
| Molecular Weight | 369.3249 |
| Charge | -2 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | H2O |
| Molecular Weight | 18.0153 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | Na |
| Molecular Weight | 22.9898 |
| Charge | 1 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00716 | https://www.drugs.com/ppa/nedocromil-sodium.html | http://reference.medscape.com/drug/alocril-nedocromil-ophthalmic-999594
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00716 | https://www.drugs.com/ppa/nedocromil-sodium.html | http://reference.medscape.com/drug/alocril-nedocromil-ophthalmic-999594
Nedocromil is a medication considered as mast cell stabilizer used to treat itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Nedocromil has been shown to inhibit the in vitro activation of, and mediator release from, a variety of inflammatory cell types associated with asthma, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, and platelets. Nedocromil inhibits activation and release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine, prostaglandin D2 and leukotrienes c4 from different types of cells in the lumen and mucosa of the bronchial tree. These mediators are derived from arachidonic acid metabolism through the lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase pathways. The mechanism of action of nedocromil may be due partly to inhibition of axon reflexes and release of sensory neuropeptides, such as substance P, neurokinin A, and calcitonin-geneñrelated peptides. The result is inhibition of bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction. Nedocromil does not possess any bronchodilator, antihistamine, or corticosteroid activity. Nedocromil is indicated for the treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: GO:0048245 |
|||
Target ID: GO:0043303 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | TILADE Approved UseALOCRIL ® ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Launch Date1992 |
|||
| Primary | TILADE Approved UseALOCRIL ® ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Launch Date1992 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
13.7 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
6 μg/kg bw single, intravenous dose: 6 μg/kg bw route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2.1 ng/mL |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
5.8 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
70.5 mg single, oral dose: 70.5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2.8 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2.6 ng/mL |
20 mg single, respiratory dose: 20 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
3.3 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
13.4 ng/mL |
0.42 mg single, intravenous dose: 0.42 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
10.4 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
6 μg/kg bw single, intravenous dose: 6 μg/kg bw route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
4.6 ng × h/mL |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
49.1 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
70.5 mg single, oral dose: 70.5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
5.6 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
6.2 ng × h/mL |
20 mg single, respiratory dose: 20 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
9.4 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
8.9 ng × h/mL |
0.42 mg single, intravenous dose: 0.42 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
21.1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
70.5 mg single, oral dose: 70.5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
1.5 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2.3 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2825746/ |
4 mg single, respiratory dose: 4 mg route of administration: Respiratory experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
31.6 h |
0.42 mg single, intravenous dose: 0.42 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NEDOCROMIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
2 % 2 times / day multiple, ophthalmic Highest studied dose Dose: 2 %, 2 times / day Route: ophthalmic Route: multiple Dose: 2 %, 2 times / day Sources: Page: CR 1957 |
unhealthy, 12-61 n = 289 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: allergic conjunctivitis Age Group: 12-61 Sex: M+F Population Size: 289 Sources: Page: CR 1957 |
Disc. AE: Eyeball itching, Swelling... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Eyeball itching Sources: Page: CR 1957Swelling |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eyeball itching | Disc. AE | 2 % 2 times / day multiple, ophthalmic Highest studied dose Dose: 2 %, 2 times / day Route: ophthalmic Route: multiple Dose: 2 %, 2 times / day Sources: Page: CR 1957 |
unhealthy, 12-61 n = 289 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: allergic conjunctivitis Age Group: 12-61 Sex: M+F Population Size: 289 Sources: Page: CR 1957 |
| Swelling | Disc. AE | 2 % 2 times / day multiple, ophthalmic Highest studied dose Dose: 2 %, 2 times / day Route: ophthalmic Route: multiple Dose: 2 %, 2 times / day Sources: Page: CR 1957 |
unhealthy, 12-61 n = 289 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: allergic conjunctivitis Age Group: 12-61 Sex: M+F Population Size: 289 Sources: Page: CR 1957 |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Effects of nedocromil sodium and WEB 2086 on chemoattractant-stimulated neutrophil migration through cellular and noncellular barriers. | 1992 Oct |
|
| Inhaled nedocromil sodium for persistent cough in children. | 2001 Dec |
|
| Spotlight on montelukast in asthma in children 2 to 14 years of age. | 2002 |
|
| Water aerosols and cough. | 2002 |
|
| Nedocromil sodium and levocabastine. | 2002 Jul |
|
| Comparison of emedastine 0.05% or nedocromil sodium 2% eye drops and placebo in controlling local reactions in subjects with allergic conjunctivitis. | 2002 Jul-Aug |
|
| [Effect of triamcinolone acetonide, montelukast, nedocromil sodium and formoterol on eosinophil blood counts, ECP serum levels and clinical progression of asthma in children]. | 2002 Mar |
|
| Floating a metered-dose inhaler is not an accurate measure of remaining medicine. | 2002 May |
|
| Asthma: knowledge and practice patterns of Louisiana family physicians. | 2002 May-Jun |
|
| [For the family physician allergy season is all year long. Strategies against running noses]. | 2002 Nov 7 |
|
| Human ocular mast cells. | 2002 Oct |
|
| Effects of nedocromil and salbutamol on airway reactivity in children with asthma. | 2002 Sep |
|
| Review: nedocromil sodium decreases airflow reduction and recovery time in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. | 2002 Sep-Oct |
|
| Allergen challenge and deposition of nedocromil sodium in asthma. | 2002 Winter |
|
| Antiasthmatic effects of nedocromil sodium. | 2003 |
|
| [In vitro effects of antiallergic eyedrops on complement activation induced by particulate matter]. | 2003 Apr |
|
| A combined analysis of two studies assessing the ocular comfort of antiallergy ophthalmic agents. | 2003 Apr |
|
| Corneal flap complications in refractive surgery: Part 2: postoperative treatments of diffuse lamellar keratitis in an experimental animal model. | 2003 Apr |
|
| Minimizing attrition in a long-term clinical trial of pediatric asthma. | 2003 Aug |
|
| Implementation of guidelines for seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled trial. | 2003 Aug |
|
| Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in asthmatic children. | 2003 Dec |
|
| A review of once-daily delivery of anti-asthmatic drugs in children. | 2003 Feb |
|
| Limitations of maintenance therapy for viral respiratory infection-induced asthma. | 2003 Feb |
|
| Two mast cell stabilizers, pemirolast potassium 0.1% and nedocromil sodium 2%, in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: a comparative study. | 2003 Jan-Feb |
|
| A placebo-controlled comparison of ketotifen fumarate and nedocromil sodium ophthalmic solutions for the prevention of ocular itching with the conjunctival allergen challenge model. | 2003 Jul |
|
| Model-free treatment of the dehydration kinetics of nedocromil sodium trihydrate. | 2003 Jul |
|
| Supplementation of fexofenadine therapy with nedocromil sodium 2% ophthalmic solution to treat ocular symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. | 2003 Jun |
|
| Long-term safety of fluticasone propionate and nedocromil sodium on bone in children with asthma. | 2003 Jun |
|
| Treatment compliance, passive smoking, and asthma control: a three year cohort study. | 2003 Mar |
|
| Arterial hypoxemia in exercising thoroughbreds is not affected by pre-exercise nedocromil sodium inhalation. | 2003 Mar 3 |
|
| Relations between exhaled nitric oxide and measures of disease activity among children with mild-to-moderate asthma. | 2003 May |
|
| Severe acute respiratory syndrome, a pathological immune response to the new coronavirus--implications for understanding of pathogenesis, therapy, design of vaccines, and epidemiology. | 2004 |
|
| Single-dose agents in the prevention of exercise-induced asthma: a descriptive review. | 2004 |
|
| Inhaled cromones for prolonged non-specific cough in children. | 2004 |
|
| Sensitivity analysis of longitudinal normal data with drop-outs. | 2004 Apr 15 |
|
| Progression of asthma measured by lung function in the childhood asthma management program. | 2004 Aug 1 |
|
| [Strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergies in children and adolescents]. | 2004 Dec 9 |
|
| Bench-to-bedside review: beta2-Agonists and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. | 2004 Feb |
|
| Evaluation of preoperative and postoperative prophylactic regimens for prevention and treatment of diffuse lamellar keratitis. | 2004 Jan |
|
| Asthma and other wheezing disorders in infants and children. | 2004 Jun |
|
| Topical treatments for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and effectiveness. | 2004 Jun |
|
| Long-term effect of budesonide on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in children with mild to moderate asthma. | 2004 Jun |
|
| Investigation into the mechanisms by which nedocromil sodium, frusemide and bumetanide inhibit the histamine-induced itch and flare response in human skin in vivo. | 2004 Mar |
|
| Disodium cromoglycate suppresses the induction of cysteinyl leukotriene synthesis during granulocytic differentiation in HL-60 cells. | 2004 Mar |
|
| Efficacy and tolerability of newer antihistamines in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. | 2005 |
|
| The management of asthma and rhinitis during pregnancy. | 2005 Apr |
|
| Respiratory morbidity in office workers in a water-damaged building. | 2005 Apr |
|
| Asthma controller therapy during pregnancy. | 2005 Feb |
|
| Polymorphisms in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and lung function in asthma. | 2005 Jun 3 |
|
| Childhood asthma: treatment update. | 2005 May 15 |
Sample Use Guides
Instill 1-2 gtt in each eye twice daily throughout time of exposure (ie, until pollen season is over or offending allergen terminated)
Route of Administration:
Topical
Eosinophil chemotaxis was studied using a modified Boyden chamber technique. Sets of six chambers each were set up to investigate different experimental conditions. Half a millilitre of either medium 199, conditioned medium, or conditioned medium containing 10^-7, 10^-6 or 10^-5 M nedocromil sodium, was placed in the lower compartment of each chamber, and incubated for 90 min at 37°C in the presence of 2510^3 eosinophils in the upper compartment, separated by an 8 m pore size microporous polycarbonate membrane. At the end of incubation, the membrane was removed, fixed in absolute alcohol for 5 min and then washed under running tap water for 1 min. The membrane was stained with Chromotrope R for 5 min. The stained membrane was dehydrated in absolute alcohol for 5 min, cleared in CNP 30 reagent (BDH LaboratorySupplies, Lutterworth, UK), and then mounted in Styrolite™ mounting medium. The membrane was immediately examined by light microscopy, and the number of eosinophils coming through to the other side of the membrane was counted in 10 random high power fields (HPF) at x40 magnification.
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Fri Dec 15 19:38:36 GMT 2023
by
admin
on
Fri Dec 15 19:38:36 GMT 2023
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| Record UNII |
5N22F63WQ6
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| Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
|
| Record Version |
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-
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5N22F63WQ6
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111681-48-2
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119025832
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114742-73-3
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NON-SPECIFIC STOICHIOMETRY |
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