Bacitracin

US Approved OTC

First marketed in 1921

Description
Sources: http://femsle.oxfordjournals.org/content/femsle/320/1/33.full.pdf
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2003/50168slr078_cotisporin_lbl.pdf

Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Bacitracin in combination with neomycin and polymyxin B is indicated for the treatment of many bacterial diseases. The antibacterial properties of bacitracin are mediated by its binding to C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate, resulting in inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate 7 Target ID: CHEMBL2364036 Sources: http://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC389626&blobtype=pdf	Binding Agent 1076

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Infection 8 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=6d827faa-bbbb-4d1d-b806-392b29290c81	Curative	Approved 8583	BACITRACIN Approved Use Uses first aid to help prevent infection in: •minor cuts •scrapes •burns Launch Date 1948
Skin diseases 10 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2003/50168slr078_cotisporin_lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	CORTISPORIN Approved Use For the treatment of corticosteroid-responsice dermatoses with secondary infection. Launch Date 1957
Superficial infections of the external eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria 5 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/50417slr011_neosporin_lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	NEOSPORIN Approved Use NEOSPORIN Ophthalmic Ointment is indicated for the topical treatment of superficial infections of the external eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria. Such infections encompass conjunctivitis, keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis. Launch Date 1968

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Bacitracin: Methods of Production, Concentration, and Partial Purification, with a Summary of the Chemical Properties of Crude Bacitracin.	1948 Feb	16561454
The relative antisyphilitic activity of penicillins F,G,K, and X and of bacitracin, based on the amounts required to abort early syphilic infections in rabbits.	1948 Mar	18902256
The Action of Bacitracin and Subtilin on Treponema pallidum in Vitro and in Vivo.	1948 Mar	16561465
The Results of the Systemic Administration of the Antibiotic, Bacitracin, in Surgical Infections: A Preliminary Report.	1948 Oct	17859227
A Note on the Susceptibility of Hemophilus influenzae Type B to Bacitracin.	1948 Oct	16561599
The Use of Bacitracin in Experimental Clostridium Welchii Infection in Guinea Pigs.	1949 Oct	17859460
IN VITRO STUDIES ON POSSIBLE SYNERGISTIC ACTION BETWEEN PENICILLIN AND BACITRACIN.	1949 Sep	16695753
In vitro sensitivity of Bacillus proteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to seven antibiotics; penicillin, streptomycin, bacitracin, polymyxin, aerosporin, aureomycin, and chloromycetin.	1950 Feb	15404235
Systemic bacitracin in the treatment of progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene.	1950 Feb	15402788
Continuous administration of growth hormone does not prevent the decrease of IGF-I gene expression in zinc-deprived rats despite normalization of liver GH binding.	1998 Dec	10985758
Copper transport and its defect in Wilson disease: characterization of the copper-binding domain of Wilson disease ATPase.	2000 Apr	10830865
Individual variability in the zinc inducibility of metallothionein-IIA mRNA in human lymphocytes.	2000 Dec 15	11127411
Defective antioxidant defense system in patients with a human leptin gene mutation.	2000 Jul	10965932
Reduction of oxidative stress and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) expression by red wine polyphenols in zinc deficiency induced intestinal damage of rat.	2000 Jun 1	10938463
Therapeutic application of zinc in human immunodeficiency virus against opportunistic infections.	2000 May	10801955
Effect of the two conserved prolines of human growth inhibitory factor (metallothionein-3) on its biological activity and structure fluctuation: comparison with a mutant protein.	2000 Nov 28	11087412
Dietary zinc deficiency increases uroguanylin accumulation in rat kidney.	2001 Apr	11260404
Metallothionein isogene transcription in red blood cell precursors from human cord blood.	2001 Feb	11168427
Coexistence of zinc and iron augmented oxidative injuries in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system of SD rats.	2001 Feb 1	11165868
Nitric oxide induces metallothionein (MT) gene expression apparently by displacing zinc bound to MT.	2001 Feb 28	11311571
Arsenite-inducible RNA-associated protein (AIRAP) protects cells from arsenite toxicity.	2001 Jan	11525245
Tyrphostin [correction of Tryphostin] AG879, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor: prevention of transcriptional activation of the electrophile and the aromatic hydrocarbon response elements.	2001 Jan 15	11163336
The human ZIP1 transporter mediates zinc uptake in human K562 erythroleukemia cells.	2001 Jun 22	11301334
Cleavage of SNAP-25 by botulinum toxin type A requires receptor-mediated endocytosis, pH-dependent translocation, and zinc.	2001 Mar	11181932
p38 activation is required upstream of potassium current enhancement and caspase cleavage in thiol oxidant-induced neuronal apoptosis.	2001 May 15	11331359
Loss of vesicular zinc and appearance of perikaryal zinc after seizures induced by pilocarpine.	2001 May 25	11388441
Oxidative impairment in scrapie-infected mice is associated with brain metals perturbations and altered antioxidant activities.	2001 Nov	11701772
Influence of dietary zinc deficiency during development on hepatic CYP2C11, CYP2C12, CYP3A2, CYP3A9, and CYP3A18 expression in postpubertal male rats.	2001 Nov 1	11705462
Zinc deficiency reduces leptin gene expression and leptin secretion in rat adipocytes.	2001 Oct	11568307
Metallothionein is required for zinc-induced expression of the macrophage colony stimulating factor gene.	2002	12112025
Src-dependent phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor on tyrosine 845 is required for zinc-induced Ras activation.	2002 Jul 5	11983694
Partitioning of accumulated trace metals in the talitrid amphipod crustacean Orchestia gammarellus: a cautionary tale on the use of metallothionein-like proteins as biomarkers.	2002 Jun	11932003
Co-assembly of GABA rho subunits with the GABA(A) receptor gamma(2) subunit cloned from white perch retina.	2002 Jun 30	12106692
Zinc enhances the expression of interleukin-2 and interleukin-2 receptors in HUT-78 cells by way of NF-kappaB activation.	2002 Oct	12389026
Metalloenzyme-like activity of Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid. Cu-dependent catalytic conversion of dopamine, cholesterol, and biological reducing agents to neurotoxic H(2)O(2).	2002 Oct 25	12192006
Evidence for non-isostructural replacement of Zn(2+) with Cd(2+) in the beta-domain of brain-specific metallothionein-3.	2002 Sep 11	12220637
Induction of metallothionein by zinc protects from daunorubicin toxicity in rats.	2002 Sep 30	12204545
Interrelationships among brain, endocrine and immune response in ageing and successful ageing: role of metallothionein III isoform.	2003 Apr	12714242
Effect of chromium on apolipoprotein A-I expression in HepG2 cells.	2003 Apr	12679171
Changes in rat hepatic gene expression in response to zinc deficiency as assessed by DNA arrays.	2003 Apr	12672911
The acrodermatitis enteropathica gene ZIP4 encodes a tissue-specific, zinc-regulated zinc transporter in mice.	2003 Aug 29	12801924
Human peptidoglycan recognition protein-L is an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase.	2003 Dec 5	14506276
Chromium(VI) down-regulates heavy metal-induced metallothionein gene transcription by modifying transactivation potential of the key transcription factor, metal-responsive transcription factor 1.	2003 Jul 11	12716893
In vitro effect of metal ions on the activity of two amphibian glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases: potential metal binding sites.	2003 Jun	12798935
Zinc accumulation in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced rat mammary tumors is accompanied by an altered expression of ZnT-1 and metallothionein.	2003 Jun	12773700
Interaction of Tl+ with product complexes of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase.	2003 May 2	12595529
Zinc modulates PPARgamma signaling and activation of porcine endothelial cells.	2003 Oct	14519784
Prion, amyloid beta-derived Cu(II) ions, or free Zn(II) ions support S-nitroso-dependent autocleavage of glypican-1 heparan sulfate.	2003 Oct 3	12732622
Thymulin evokes IL-6-C/EBPbeta regenerative repair and TNF-alpha silencing during endotoxin exposure in fetal lung explants.	2004 Mar	12639846
Bacitracin Inhibits the Migration of U87-MG Glioma Cells via Interferences of the Integrin Outside-in Signaling Pathway.	2016 Mar	26962415

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

400 units, topically

Route of Administration: Topical

In Vitro Use Guide

The MIC value was 32 mg/L for Staphylococcus aureus wild type strain after 48h incubation at 37°C.

Substance Class	Mixture Created by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 09:38:17 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 09:38:17 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	58H6RWO52I
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Classification Tree Code System Code

FDA ORPHAN DRUG

1284