PROGABIDE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C17H16ClFN2O2
Molecular Weight	334.773
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	1
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

NC(=O)CCCN=C(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2O

InChI

InChIKey=IBALRBWGSVJPAP-FXBPSFAMSA-N

InChI=1S/C17H16ClFN2O2/c18-12-5-3-11(4-6-12)17(21-9-1-2-16(20)23)14-10-13(19)7-8-15(14)22/h3-8,10,22H,1-2,9H2,(H2,20,23)/b21-17-

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C17H16ClFN2O2
Molecular Weight	334.773
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	1
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16971751 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15638774https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0223523490900204 | https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00837 | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02042.x

2,5-Dimethyl-N-Phenyl-3H-diazaphophol-4-imine is a quinonoid tautomer of GABAA and GABAB agonist progabide. According to quantum mechanical calculations, a quinonoid form is predominant in polar solvents, while aromatic tautomer is prevalent in apolar solvents. Progabide is a prodrug of gamma-aminobutyric acid and was investigated for the treatment of epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, clinical depression, anxiety disorder, and other diseases. Progabide was marketed in France by Sanofi Aventis under tradename Gabrene for use in monotherapy and also as adjunctive therapy for generalized tonic-clonic, myoclonic, partial seizures, and for Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome, in both children and adults.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
GABA-A receptor; anion channel 203 Target ID: CHEMBL2093872 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15638774 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12113824	Agonist 2752		200.0 nM [Ki]
GABA-A receptor; anion channel 203 Target ID: CHEMBL2093872 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3432311\|https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7392039	Agonist 2752		40.0 µM [Ki]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Type 1 diabetes mellitus 18 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02002130	Primary	Phase II 1147	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Stress 12 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16971751	Primary	Phase I 438	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Partial Seizures 4 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f501c511-2aa2-4c12-94ad-1cc42b18ef3e	Preventing	Not Provided 511	THERAPENTIN-90 Approved Use Gabapentin Capsules is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures with and without secondary generalization in patients over 12 years of age with epilepsy. Gabapentin Capsules is also indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in pediatric patients age 3 – 12 years. Launch Date 2011
Vascular diseases of the brain 4 Sources: http://en.remedy-info.com/gammalon.html https://www.aesthetic-essentials.com/product-page/gammalon-250-mg-100-tablets-gamalon-gamallon-gammaaminoacid https://www.mimaki-family-japan.com/item/detail?item_prefix=TF&item_code=003115&item_branch=001 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/969409	Primary	Approved 8583	Gammalon Approved Use Gamma-aminobutyric acid helps to restore the metabolism of the brain: activates energy processes, improves glucose utilization and blood supply, increases the respiratory activity of tissues. GABA has a mild psychostimulant effect, has anticonvulsant activity, stabilizes high blood pressure, improves memory, increases the productivity of thinking, helps restore speech and movements after disorders of cerebral circulation. Given these properties of the active substance, Gammalon is prescribed for adult patients with: Vascular diseases of the brain (damage of cerebral vessels, atherosclerosis, caused by hypertension), especially in cases when they are accompanied by sleep disorders, headache, dizziness; Atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries with concomitant phenomena of softening of the brain; Conditions after cerebrovascular accident, stroke, traumatic brain injury; Chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, dyscirculatory encephalopathy, characterized by impaired attention, memory and speech, headaches and dizziness; Symptom complex of motion sickness (sea, air sickness); Alcohol encephalopathy; Alcoholic polyneuritis. In pediatrics, Gammalon, according to the instructions, is used for: Cerebral palsy; Lag of mental development, accompanied by reduced mental activity; Consequences of birth and / or craniocerebral trauma; Symptom complex of motion sickness.
Atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries 4 Sources: http://en.remedy-info.com/gammalon.html https://www.aesthetic-essentials.com/product-page/gammalon-250-mg-100-tablets-gamalon-gamallon-gammaaminoacid https://www.mimaki-family-japan.com/item/detail?item_prefix=TF&item_code=003115&item_branch=001 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/969409	Primary	Approved 8583	Gammalon Approved Use Gamma-aminobutyric acid helps to restore the metabolism of the brain: activates energy processes, improves glucose utilization and blood supply, increases the respiratory activity of tissues. GABA has a mild psychostimulant effect, has anticonvulsant activity, stabilizes high blood pressure, improves memory, increases the productivity of thinking, helps restore speech and movements after disorders of cerebral circulation. Given these properties of the active substance, Gammalon is prescribed for adult patients with: Vascular diseases of the brain (damage of cerebral vessels, atherosclerosis, caused by hypertension), especially in cases when they are accompanied by sleep disorders, headache, dizziness; Atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries with concomitant phenomena of softening of the brain; Conditions after cerebrovascular accident, stroke, traumatic brain injury; Chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, dyscirculatory encephalopathy, characterized by impaired attention, memory and speech, headaches and dizziness; Symptom complex of motion sickness (sea, air sickness); Alcohol encephalopathy; Alcoholic polyneuritis. In pediatrics, Gammalon, according to the instructions, is used for: Cerebral palsy; Lag of mental development, accompanied by reduced mental activity; Consequences of birth and / or craniocerebral trauma; Symptom complex of motion sickness.
Chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency 4 Sources: http://en.remedy-info.com/gammalon.html https://www.aesthetic-essentials.com/product-page/gammalon-250-mg-100-tablets-gamalon-gamallon-gammaaminoacid https://www.mimaki-family-japan.com/item/detail?item_prefix=TF&item_code=003115&item_branch=001 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/969409	Primary	Approved 8583	Gammalon Approved Use Gamma-aminobutyric acid helps to restore the metabolism of the brain: activates energy processes, improves glucose utilization and blood supply, increases the respiratory activity of tissues. GABA has a mild psychostimulant effect, has anticonvulsant activity, stabilizes high blood pressure, improves memory, increases the productivity of thinking, helps restore speech and movements after disorders of cerebral circulation. Given these properties of the active substance, Gammalon is prescribed for adult patients with: Vascular diseases of the brain (damage of cerebral vessels, atherosclerosis, caused by hypertension), especially in cases when they are accompanied by sleep disorders, headache, dizziness; Atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries with concomitant phenomena of softening of the brain; Conditions after cerebrovascular accident, stroke, traumatic brain injury; Chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, dyscirculatory encephalopathy, characterized by impaired attention, memory and speech, headaches and dizziness; Symptom complex of motion sickness (sea, air sickness); Alcohol encephalopathy; Alcoholic polyneuritis. In pediatrics, Gammalon, according to the instructions, is used for: Cerebral palsy; Lag of mental development, accompanied by reduced mental activity; Consequences of birth and / or craniocerebral trauma; Symptom complex of motion sickness.

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
688.53 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26617516/	2 g single, oral dose: 2 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		.GAMMA.-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
767.77 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26617516/	2 g 3 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		.GAMMA.-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
932.91 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26617516/	2 g single, oral dose: 2 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		.GAMMA.-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
1078.11 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26617516/	2 g 3 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		.GAMMA.-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
5.08 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26617516/	2 g single, oral dose: 2 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		.GAMMA.-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
5.24 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26617516/	2 g 3 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		.GAMMA.-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
GABAergic system in the endocrine pancreas: a new target for diabetes treatment.	2015	25678807
Neurotransmitters as food supplements: the effects of GABA on brain and behavior.	2015	26500584
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) stimulates pancreatic cancer growth through overexpressing GABAA receptor pi subunit.	2007-10-15	17942900
Glutamate- and GABA-based CNS therapeutics.	2006-02	16377242
Mechanisms of action of antiepileptic drugs.	2005	15638774
Preclinical evaluation of newly approved and potential antiepileptic drugs against cocaine-induced seizures.	1999-09	10454489
Co-administration of progabide inhibits haloperidol-induced oral dyskinesias in rats.	1992-02-25	1555638
GABAergic modulation of lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane)-induced seizures.	1989-08	2474871
Therapeutic response to progabide in neuroleptic- and L-dopa-induced dyskinesias.	1987-06	2900682
GABA receptor agonists and extrapyramidal motor function: therapeutic implications for Parkinson's disease.	1987	3030072
Anticonvulsant profile of drugs which facilitate GABAergic transmission on convulsions mediated by a GABAergic mechanism.	1986-02	3010161
Clinical activity of GABA agonists in neuroleptic- and L-dopa-induced dyskinesia.	1985	2860656
Pharmacology of the GABAergic system: effects of progabide, a GABA receptor agonist.	1984	6089242
Biphasic effects of direct, but not indirect, GABA mimetics and antagonists on haloperidol-induced catalepsy.	1980-03	7189827
Effect of the new gamma-aminobutyric acid agonist SL 76 002 on striatal acetylcholine: relation to neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal alterations.	1980	6105775
Biphasic effect of direct GABA mimetic drugs on haloperidol-induced catalepsy [proceedings].	1979-11	574045
[Potential therapeutic activity of GABA-mimetic drugs in neuropsychiatry].	1979	45343
gamma-Aminobutyric acid in brain: its formation from glutamic acid.	1950-11	14794689

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Patients will receive the Active GABA (Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid) capsules. Each capsule 250mg. Dosage will be calculated according to body surface area of the child and divided between 2 meals/day. Larger dose taken with larger meal.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

The HEK293 cells constitutively expressing exogenous GABA receptor π subunit (GABRP) revealed the growth-promoting effect of GABA treatment (serial concentrations: 0, 1, 10, 100 μmol/L);for 6 d). GABA treatment stimulated GABRP-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell proliferatio and activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MAPK/Erk) cascade. These findings imply that GABA and GABRP could play important roles in PDAC development and progression, and that this pathway can be a promising molecular target for the development of new therapeutic strategies for PDAC.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:40:31 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:40:31 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	38C836J57Z
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

GABREN

Preferred Name

English

PROGABIDE

Official Name

English

progabide [INN]

Common Name

English

BUTANAMIDE, 4-(((4-CHLOROPHENYL)(5-FLUORO-2-HYDROXYPHENYL)METHYLENE)AMINO)-

Systematic Name

English

4-((.ALPHA.-(P-CHLOROPHENYL)-5-FLUOROSALICYLIDENE)AMINO)BUTYRAMIDE

Common Name

English

PROGABIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

Progabide [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

PROGABIDE [USAN]

Common Name

English

SL 76 002

Code

English

PROGABIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

SL-76002

Code

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-VATC

QN03AG05