Details
| Stereochemistry | MIXED |
| Molecular Formula | C35H38Cl2N8O4.3ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 815.016 |
| Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
| Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 3 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Cl.Cl.Cl.CCC(C)N1N=CN(C1=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CC=C(OC[C@H]5CO[C@@](CN6C=NC=N6)(O5)C7=CC=C(Cl)C=C7Cl)C=C4
InChI
InChIKey=IKQCHGBROJMCCD-MEBRADKNSA-N
InChI=1S/C35H38Cl2N8O4.3ClH/c1-3-25(2)45-34(46)44(24-40-45)29-7-5-27(6-8-29)41-14-16-42(17-15-41)28-9-11-30(12-10-28)47-19-31-20-48-35(49-31,21-43-23-38-22-39-43)32-13-4-26(36)18-33(32)37;;;/h4-13,18,22-25,31H,3,14-17,19-21H2,1-2H3;3*1H/t25?,31-,35-;;;/m0.../s1
| Molecular Formula | ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 36.461 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | C35H38Cl2N8O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 705.633 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | EPIMERIC |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 3 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
SPORANOX is the brand name for itraconazole, an azole antifungal agent. Itraconazole is a 1:1:1:1 racemic mixture of four diastereomers (two enantiomeric pairs), each possessing three chiral centers. In vitro studies have demonstrated that itraconazole inhibits the cytochrome P450-dependent synthesis of ergosterol, which is a vital component of fungal cell membranes. As ergosterol is an essential component of the fungal cell membrane, inhibition of its synthesis results in increased cellular permeability causing leakage of cellular contents. Itraconazole may also inhibit endogenous respiration, interact with membrane phospholipids, inhibit the transformation of yeasts to mycelial forms, inhibit purine uptake, and impair triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis. SPORANOX capsules are indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients: Blastomycosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary; Histoplasmosis, including chronic cavitary pulmonary disease and disseminated, nonmeningeal histoplasmosis, and Aspergillosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary, in patients who are intolerant of or who are refractory to amphotericin B therapy. SPORANOX is also indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in non-immunocompromised patients: Onychomycosis of the toenail, with or without fingernail involvement, due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium), and Onychomycosis of the fingernail due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium). Itraconazole is mainly metabolized through CYP3A4. Other drugs that either share this metabolic pathway or modify CYP3A4 activity may influence the pharmacokinetics of itraconazole. Similarly, itraconazole may modify the pharmacokinetics of other drugs that share this metabolic pathway. Itraconazole is a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor and a P-glycoprotein inhibitor. When using concomitant medication, it is recommended that the corresponding label be consulted for information on the route of metabolism and the possible need to adjust dosages.
CNS Activity
Curator's Comment: Limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier
https://books.google.ru/books?id=Qd_nCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198&dq=ITRACONAZOLE+cross+blood-brain+barrier&source=bl&ots=gExVhzS3wQ&sig=M2Vea-eTPaedoDjCOCqfNT-Ftu0&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi21cbW4PbPAhVGuhoKHXGhDk44ChDoAQgbMAA#v=onepage&q=ITRACONAZOLE%20cross%20blood-brain%20barrier&f=false
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL1780 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curative | SPORANOX Approved UseSPORANOX® (itraconazole) Capsules are indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients: Blastomycosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary Histoplasmosis, including chronic cavitary pulmonary disease and disseminated, non-meningeal histoplasmosis, and Aspergillosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary, in patients who are intolerant of or who are refractory to amphotericin B therapy. Specimens for fungal cultures and other relevant laboratory studies (wet mount, histopathology, serology) should be obtained before therapy to isolate and identify causative organisms. Therapy may be instituted before the results of the cultures and other laboratory studies are known; however, once these results become available, antiinfective therapy should be adjusted accordingly. SPORANOX® Capsules are also indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in non-immunocompromised patients: Onychomycosis of the toenail, with or without fingernail involvement, due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium), and Onychomycosis of the fingernail due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium). Prior to initiating treatment, appropriate nail specimens for laboratory testing (KOH preparation, fungal culture, or nail biopsy) should be obtained to confirm the diagnosis of onychomycosis. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Special Populations, CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS: Post-marketing Experience for more information.) Description of Clinical Studies Blastomycosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=73 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status. The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 6 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of blastomycosis compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=34 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status (not including HIV-infected patients). The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 12 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of histoplasmosis, compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients Data from a small number of HIV-infected patients suggested that the response rate of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is similar to that of non-HIV-infected patients. The clinical course of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is more severe and usually requires maintenance therapy to prevent relapse. Aspergillosis Analyses were conducted on data from an open-label, single-patient-use protocol designed to make itraconazole available in the U.S. for patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy (N=190). The findings were corroborated by two smaller open-label studies (N=31 combined) in the same patient population. Most adult patients were treated with a daily dose of 200 to 400 mg, with a median duration of 3 months. Results of these studies demonstrated substantial evidence of effectiveness of itraconazole as a second-line therapy for the treatment of aspergillosis compared with the natural history of the disease in patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy. Onychomycosis of the toenail Analyses were conducted on data from three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (N=214 total; 110 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the toenails received 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules once daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Results of these studies demonstrated mycologic cure, defined as simultaneous occurrence of negative KOH plus negative culture, in 54% of patients. Thirty-five percent (35%) of patients were considered an overall success (mycologic cure plus clear or minimal nail involvement with significantly decreased signs) and 14% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure (clearance of all signs, with or without residual nail deformity). The mean time to overall success was approximately 10 months. Twenty-one percent (21%) of the overall success group had a relapse (worsening of the global score or conversion of KOH or culture from negative to positive). Onychomycosis of the fingernail Analyses were conducted on data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study (N=73 total; 37 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the fingernails received a 1-week course (pulse) of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d., followed by a 3-week period without SPORANOX®, which was followed by a second 1-week pulse of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d. Results demonstrated mycologic cure in 61% of patients. Fifty-six percent (56%) of patients were considered an overall success and 47% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure. The mean time to overall success was approximately 5 months. None of the patients who achieved overall success relapsed. Launch Date1992 |
|||
| Curative | SPORANOX Approved UseSPORANOX® (itraconazole) Capsules are indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients: Blastomycosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary Histoplasmosis, including chronic cavitary pulmonary disease and disseminated, non-meningeal histoplasmosis, and Aspergillosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary, in patients who are intolerant of or who are refractory to amphotericin B therapy. Specimens for fungal cultures and other relevant laboratory studies (wet mount, histopathology, serology) should be obtained before therapy to isolate and identify causative organisms. Therapy may be instituted before the results of the cultures and other laboratory studies are known; however, once these results become available, antiinfective therapy should be adjusted accordingly. SPORANOX® Capsules are also indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in non-immunocompromised patients: Onychomycosis of the toenail, with or without fingernail involvement, due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium), and Onychomycosis of the fingernail due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium). Prior to initiating treatment, appropriate nail specimens for laboratory testing (KOH preparation, fungal culture, or nail biopsy) should be obtained to confirm the diagnosis of onychomycosis. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Special Populations, CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS: Post-marketing Experience for more information.) Description of Clinical Studies Blastomycosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=73 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status. The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 6 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of blastomycosis compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=34 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status (not including HIV-infected patients). The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 12 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of histoplasmosis, compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients Data from a small number of HIV-infected patients suggested that the response rate of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is similar to that of non-HIV-infected patients. The clinical course of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is more severe and usually requires maintenance therapy to prevent relapse. Aspergillosis Analyses were conducted on data from an open-label, single-patient-use protocol designed to make itraconazole available in the U.S. for patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy (N=190). The findings were corroborated by two smaller open-label studies (N=31 combined) in the same patient population. Most adult patients were treated with a daily dose of 200 to 400 mg, with a median duration of 3 months. Results of these studies demonstrated substantial evidence of effectiveness of itraconazole as a second-line therapy for the treatment of aspergillosis compared with the natural history of the disease in patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy. Onychomycosis of the toenail Analyses were conducted on data from three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (N=214 total; 110 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the toenails received 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules once daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Results of these studies demonstrated mycologic cure, defined as simultaneous occurrence of negative KOH plus negative culture, in 54% of patients. Thirty-five percent (35%) of patients were considered an overall success (mycologic cure plus clear or minimal nail involvement with significantly decreased signs) and 14% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure (clearance of all signs, with or without residual nail deformity). The mean time to overall success was approximately 10 months. Twenty-one percent (21%) of the overall success group had a relapse (worsening of the global score or conversion of KOH or culture from negative to positive). Onychomycosis of the fingernail Analyses were conducted on data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study (N=73 total; 37 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the fingernails received a 1-week course (pulse) of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d., followed by a 3-week period without SPORANOX®, which was followed by a second 1-week pulse of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d. Results demonstrated mycologic cure in 61% of patients. Fifty-six percent (56%) of patients were considered an overall success and 47% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure. The mean time to overall success was approximately 5 months. None of the patients who achieved overall success relapsed. Launch Date1992 |
|||
| Curative | SPORANOX Approved UseSPORANOX® (itraconazole) Capsules are indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients: Blastomycosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary Histoplasmosis, including chronic cavitary pulmonary disease and disseminated, non-meningeal histoplasmosis, and Aspergillosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary, in patients who are intolerant of or who are refractory to amphotericin B therapy. Specimens for fungal cultures and other relevant laboratory studies (wet mount, histopathology, serology) should be obtained before therapy to isolate and identify causative organisms. Therapy may be instituted before the results of the cultures and other laboratory studies are known; however, once these results become available, antiinfective therapy should be adjusted accordingly. SPORANOX® Capsules are also indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in non-immunocompromised patients: Onychomycosis of the toenail, with or without fingernail involvement, due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium), and Onychomycosis of the fingernail due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium). Prior to initiating treatment, appropriate nail specimens for laboratory testing (KOH preparation, fungal culture, or nail biopsy) should be obtained to confirm the diagnosis of onychomycosis. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Special Populations, CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS: Post-marketing Experience for more information.) Description of Clinical Studies Blastomycosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=73 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status. The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 6 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of blastomycosis compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=34 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status (not including HIV-infected patients). The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 12 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of histoplasmosis, compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients Data from a small number of HIV-infected patients suggested that the response rate of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is similar to that of non-HIV-infected patients. The clinical course of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is more severe and usually requires maintenance therapy to prevent relapse. Aspergillosis Analyses were conducted on data from an open-label, single-patient-use protocol designed to make itraconazole available in the U.S. for patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy (N=190). The findings were corroborated by two smaller open-label studies (N=31 combined) in the same patient population. Most adult patients were treated with a daily dose of 200 to 400 mg, with a median duration of 3 months. Results of these studies demonstrated substantial evidence of effectiveness of itraconazole as a second-line therapy for the treatment of aspergillosis compared with the natural history of the disease in patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy. Onychomycosis of the toenail Analyses were conducted on data from three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (N=214 total; 110 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the toenails received 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules once daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Results of these studies demonstrated mycologic cure, defined as simultaneous occurrence of negative KOH plus negative culture, in 54% of patients. Thirty-five percent (35%) of patients were considered an overall success (mycologic cure plus clear or minimal nail involvement with significantly decreased signs) and 14% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure (clearance of all signs, with or without residual nail deformity). The mean time to overall success was approximately 10 months. Twenty-one percent (21%) of the overall success group had a relapse (worsening of the global score or conversion of KOH or culture from negative to positive). Onychomycosis of the fingernail Analyses were conducted on data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study (N=73 total; 37 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the fingernails received a 1-week course (pulse) of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d., followed by a 3-week period without SPORANOX®, which was followed by a second 1-week pulse of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d. Results demonstrated mycologic cure in 61% of patients. Fifty-six percent (56%) of patients were considered an overall success and 47% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure. The mean time to overall success was approximately 5 months. None of the patients who achieved overall success relapsed. Launch Date1992 |
|||
| Curative | SPORANOX Approved UseSPORANOX® (itraconazole) Capsules are indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients: Blastomycosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary Histoplasmosis, including chronic cavitary pulmonary disease and disseminated, non-meningeal histoplasmosis, and Aspergillosis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary, in patients who are intolerant of or who are refractory to amphotericin B therapy. Specimens for fungal cultures and other relevant laboratory studies (wet mount, histopathology, serology) should be obtained before therapy to isolate and identify causative organisms. Therapy may be instituted before the results of the cultures and other laboratory studies are known; however, once these results become available, antiinfective therapy should be adjusted accordingly. SPORANOX® Capsules are also indicated for the treatment of the following fungal infections in non-immunocompromised patients: Onychomycosis of the toenail, with or without fingernail involvement, due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium), and Onychomycosis of the fingernail due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium). Prior to initiating treatment, appropriate nail specimens for laboratory testing (KOH preparation, fungal culture, or nail biopsy) should be obtained to confirm the diagnosis of onychomycosis. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Special Populations, CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS: Post-marketing Experience for more information.) Description of Clinical Studies Blastomycosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=73 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status. The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 6 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of blastomycosis compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis Analyses were conducted on data from two open-label, non-concurrently controlled studies (N=34 combined) in patients with normal or abnormal immune status (not including HIV-infected patients). The median dose was 200 mg/day. A response for most signs and symptoms was observed within the first 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms cleared between 3 and 12 months. Results of these two studies demonstrated substantial evidence of the effectiveness of itraconazole for the treatment of histoplasmosis, compared with the natural history of untreated cases. Histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients Data from a small number of HIV-infected patients suggested that the response rate of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is similar to that of non-HIV-infected patients. The clinical course of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients is more severe and usually requires maintenance therapy to prevent relapse. Aspergillosis Analyses were conducted on data from an open-label, single-patient-use protocol designed to make itraconazole available in the U.S. for patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy (N=190). The findings were corroborated by two smaller open-label studies (N=31 combined) in the same patient population. Most adult patients were treated with a daily dose of 200 to 400 mg, with a median duration of 3 months. Results of these studies demonstrated substantial evidence of effectiveness of itraconazole as a second-line therapy for the treatment of aspergillosis compared with the natural history of the disease in patients who either failed or were intolerant of amphotericin B therapy. Onychomycosis of the toenail Analyses were conducted on data from three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (N=214 total; 110 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the toenails received 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules once daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Results of these studies demonstrated mycologic cure, defined as simultaneous occurrence of negative KOH plus negative culture, in 54% of patients. Thirty-five percent (35%) of patients were considered an overall success (mycologic cure plus clear or minimal nail involvement with significantly decreased signs) and 14% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure (clearance of all signs, with or without residual nail deformity). The mean time to overall success was approximately 10 months. Twenty-one percent (21%) of the overall success group had a relapse (worsening of the global score or conversion of KOH or culture from negative to positive). Onychomycosis of the fingernail Analyses were conducted on data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study (N=73 total; 37 given SPORANOX® Capsules) in which patients with onychomycosis of the fingernails received a 1-week course (pulse) of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d., followed by a 3-week period without SPORANOX®, which was followed by a second 1-week pulse of 200 mg of SPORANOX® Capsules b.i.d. Results demonstrated mycologic cure in 61% of patients. Fifty-six percent (56%) of patients were considered an overall success and 47% of patients demonstrated mycologic cure plus clinical cure. The mean time to overall success was approximately 5 months. None of the patients who achieved overall success relapsed. Launch Date1992 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
213 ng/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
162 ng/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
332 ng/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
264 ng/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
116.8 ng/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
658.1 ng/mL |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
221.7 ng/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
974.2 ng/mL |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
3.34 ng × h/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
2.27 μg × h/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
7.05 μg × h/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
4.58 μg × h/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
905.09 ng × h/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
9046.81 ng × h/mL |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
2538.33 ng × h/mL |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
19054.95 ng × h/mL |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
36.84 h |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
20.06 h |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
Funbound
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
0.2% |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
0.2% |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
0.5% |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
0.5% |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
0.2% |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
0.2% |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
0.5% |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
|
0.5% |
200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
HYDROXYITRACONAZOLE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FED |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
2.5 mg/kg single, intravenous Dose: 2.5 mg/kg Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 2.5 mg/kg Sources: |
unhealthy, 0.5 - 16 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 0.5 - 16 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
|
100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
Other AEs: Nausea, Diarrhea... Other AEs: Nausea (11%) Sources: Diarrhea (11%) Vomiting (7%) Abdominal pain (6%) Constipation (2%) Fever (7%) Chest pain (3%) Pain (2%) Fatigue (2%) Coughing (4%) Dyspnea (2%) Pneumonia (2%) Sinusitis (2%) Sputum increased (2%) Rash (4%) Sweating increased (3%) Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (2%) Headache (4%) Dizziness (2%) Pneumocystis carinii infection (2%) |
100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
Other AEs: Depression... Other AEs: Depression (2%) Sources: |
400 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diarrhea | 11% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Nausea | 11% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Constipation | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Dizziness | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Dyspnea | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Fatigue | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Pain | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Pneumocystis carinii infection | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Pneumonia | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Sinusitis | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Sputum increased | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Chest pain | 3% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Sweating increased | 3% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Coughing | 4% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Headache | 4% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Rash | 4% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Abdominal pain | 6% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Fever | 7% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Vomiting | 7% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
| Depression | 2% | 100 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
Overview
| CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
|---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
| Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
|---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| strong [IC50 0.0004 uM] | ||||
| strong [IC50 0.007 uM] | ||||
| strong [IC50 0.0326 uM] | yes (co-administration study) Comment: [PMID:15242978]: unbound Ki = 1.3 nM; unbound IC50 = 6.1 nM |
|||
| strong [IC50 2 uM] | ||||
| strong [IC50 2 uM] | ||||
| strong [IC50 2 uM] | weak (co-administration study) Comment: Itraconazole increased the mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC (0-9)] of morphine by 29% (P=0.002), its AUC (0-48) by 22% (P=0.013) and its peak plasma concentration by 28% |
|||
| strong [Ki 0.0144 uM] | ||||
| yes [IC50 >10 uM] | ||||
| yes [IC50 >10 uM] | ||||
| yes |
Drug as victim
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| yes |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| In-vitro activity of voriconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B against filamentous fungi. | 1998 Dec |
|
| The use of itraconazole to treat cutaneous fungal infections in children. | 1999 |
|
| In-vitro comparative activity of UR-9825, itraconazole and fluconazole against clinical isolates of Candida spp. | 1999 Aug |
|
| Activity of pradimicin BMS-181184 against Aspergillus spp. | 1999 Aug |
|
| Severe cholestasis related to intraconazole for the treatment of onychomycosis. | 1999 Dec |
|
| [Itraconazole-induced hypokalemia in a patient with pulmonary aspergilloma]. | 1999 Jan |
|
| Comparisons of the effects of fungicidal and fungistatic antifungal agents on the morphogenetic transformation of Candida albicans. | 1999 Mar |
|
| In-vitro activity of voriconazole (UK-109,496), LY303366 and other antifungal agents against oral Candida spp. isolates from HIV-infected patients. | 1999 Nov |
|
| In-vitro susceptibility of Aspergillus spp. isolates to amphotericin B and itraconazole. | 1999 Oct |
|
| In vitro antifungal activity of BMS-207147 and itraconazole against yeast strains that are non-susceptible to fluconazole. | 1999 Oct |
|
| [New antifungal drugs. Present and future]. | 1999 Sep |
|
| In vitro and in vivo activities of SCH 56592 (posaconazole), a new triazole antifungal agent, against Aspergillus and Candida. | 2000 Aug |
|
| Optically active antifungal azoles. X. Synthesis and antifungal activity of N. | 2000 Dec |
|
| Antifungal activity of magnolol and honokiol. | 2000 Feb |
|
| In vitro activity of the new triazole BMS-207147 against Aspergillus species in comparison with itraconazole and amphotericin B. | 2000 Feb |
|
| In vitro activities of a new lipopeptide antifungal agent, FK463, against a variety of clinically important fungi. | 2000 Jan |
|
| Synergy between 6-amino-2-n-pentylthiobenzothiazole and ergosterol biosynthesis-inhibiting antimycotics against Candida albicans in vitro. | 2000 Jul |
|
| Antifungal activity of itraconazole compared with hydroxy-itraconazole in vitro. | 2000 Mar |
|
| In vitro susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates to five antifungal drugs using a colorimetric system and the reference microbroth method. | 2000 May |
|
| Activity of voriconazole against Candida albicans and Candida krusei isolated since 1984. | 2000 Nov |
|
| Susceptibility of fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida spp. to echinocandin LY303366, itraconazole and amphotericin B. | 2000 Sep |
|
| Muscular-skeletal cryptococcosis in a patient with idiopathic CD4+ lymphopenia. | 2001 |
|
| Electrophoretic karyotyping and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida parapsilosis clinical isolates causing deep and superficial fungal infections. | 2001 |
|
| Hydrocortisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone act on Aspergillus fumigatus in vitro susceptibility to itraconazole. | 2001 |
|
| [Current problems in etiotropic therapy of mycoses]. | 2001 |
|
| The cost of treating systemic fungal infections. | 2001 |
|
| Clinical experience with itraconazole in systemic fungal infections. | 2001 |
|
| Pharmacology of itraconazole. | 2001 |
|
| Candida dubliniensis at a cancer center. | 2001 Apr 1 |
|
| Hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma (four cases in three generations). | 2001 Feb |
|
| Cutaneous alternariosis in a cardiac transplant recipient. | 2001 Feb |
|
| A case report of a dactylaria fungal infection in a lung transplant patient. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Ventriculitis due to Cryptococcus uniguttulatus. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Clinical applicability of antifungal susceptibility testing on non-Candida albicans species in hospitalized patients. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Long-term follow-up study of onychomycosis: cure rate and dropout rate with oral antifungal treatments. | 2001 Mar |
|
| In vitro fungicidal activities of voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B against opportunistic moniliaceous and dematiaceous fungi. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Acquired itraconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Single-blind, randomized, prospective study on terbinafine and itraconazole for treatment of dermatophyte toenail onychomycosis in the elderly. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Progressive disseminated aspergillosis in a bone marrow transplant recipient: response with a high-dose lipid formulation of amphotericin B. | 2001 Mar 1 |
|
| Quantitation of itraconazole in rat heparinized plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | 2001 Mar 5 |
|
| Possible drug interaction between itraconazole and vinorelbine tartrate leading to death after one dose of chemotherapy. | 2001 Mar 6 |
|
| Effect of inoculum form on in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of Aspergillus spp. | 2001 May |
Sample Use Guides
Blastomycosis and Histoplasmosis:
The recommended dose is 200 mg once daily (2 capsules). If there is no obvious improvement, or there is evidence of progressive fungal disease, the dose should be increased in 100-mg increments to a maximum of 400 mg daily. Doses above 200 mg/day should be given in two divided doses.
Aspergillosis:
A daily dose of 200 to 400 mg is recommended. Treatment in Life-Threatening Situations: In life-threatening situations, a loading dose should be used. Although clinical studies did not provide for a loading dose, it is recommended, based on pharmacokinetic data, that a loading dose of 200 mg (2 capsules) three times daily (600 mg/day) be given for the first 3 days of treatment.
Onychomycosis: Toenails with or without fingernail involvement:
The recommended dose is 200 mg (2 capsules) once daily for 12 consecutive weeks.
Onychomycosis: Fingernails only:
The recommended dosing regimen is 2 treatment pulses, each consisting of
200 mg (2 capsules) b.i.d. (400 mg/day) for 1 week.
Route of Administration:
Oral
The growth inhibition effects of different concentrations of itraconazole ITC (2, 6, 15 µmol/L) was detected by CCK8 assay in KG1α and primary adult acute leukemia cells. Different concentrations of ITC for 7, 14 and 21 days were applied for observing the effect on colony formation. After 48 h treatments with 6 µmol/L ITC the morphological changes of cells were observed by Wright staining.
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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admin
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| Volume of Distribution | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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