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Details

Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula C12H13N.ClH
Molecular Weight 207.699
Optical Activity UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters 1 / 1
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of RASAGILINE HYDROCHLORIDE

SMILES

Cl.C#CCN[C@@H]1CCC2=CC=CC=C12

InChI

InChIKey=SROCRRNUGWYRHJ-UTONKHPSSA-N
InChI=1S/C12H13N.ClH/c1-2-9-13-12-8-7-10-5-3-4-6-11(10)12;/h1,3-6,12-13H,7-9H2;1H/t12-;/m1./s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula ClH
Molecular Weight 36.461
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Molecular Formula C12H13N
Molecular Weight 171.2383
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 1 / 1
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity ( + )

Rasagiline (N-propargyl-1-(R)-aminoindan) is a selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) inhibitor, which has been developed as an anti-Parkinson drug and was sold as a mesylate salt under brand name AZILECT. AZILECT is indicated for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) as initial monotherapy and as adjunct therapy to levodopa. The effectiveness of AZILECT was demonstrated in patients with early Parkinson’s disease who were receiving AZILECT as monotherapy and who were not receiving any concomitant dopaminergic therapy. The effectiveness of AZILECT as adjunct therapy was demonstrated in patients with Parkinson’s disease who were treated with levodopa. PD is a progressive neurodegenerative, dopamine deficiency disorder. The main therapeutic strategies for PD treatment relies on dopamine precursors (levodopa), inhibition of dopamine metabolism (monoamine oxidase [MAO] B and catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors), and dopamine receptor agonists. In contrast to selegiline, rasagiline is not metabolized to potentially toxic amphetamine metabolites. The precise mechanisms of action of rasagiline is unknown. One mechanism is believed to be related to its MAO-B inhibitory activity, which causes an increase in extracellular levels of dopamine in the striatum.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
AZILECT

Approved Use

AZILECT (rasagiline tablets) is indicated for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). AZILECT, a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor (MAOI), is indicated for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (1)

Launch Date

2006
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
56.13 ng/mL
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
RASAGILINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
53.53 ng × h/mL
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
RASAGILINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
3.17 h
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
RASAGILINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
2.5 mg single, transdermal
Dose: 2.5 mg
Route: transdermal
Route: single
Dose: 2.5 mg
Sources:
healthy, 22–25 years
n = 4
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 22–25 years
Sex: M
Population Size: 4
Sources:
2 mg single, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 2 mg
Sources:
healthy, 33 years
n = 16
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 33 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 16
Sources:
2 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 2 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
healthy, 33 years
n = 16
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 33 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 16
Sources:
Other AEs: Ear discomfort, Musculoskeletal pain...
Other AEs:
Ear discomfort (1 patient)
Musculoskeletal pain (1 patient)
Sources:
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 62.0 years
n = 14
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Early Parkinson’s Disease
Age Group: 62.0 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 14
Sources:
100 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 100 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 100 mg
Sources:
unknown, adult
n = 1
Health Status: unknown
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Other AEs: Serotonin syndrome...
3 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Overdose
Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unknown, adult
n = 1
Health Status: unknown
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Other AEs: Hypertension, Orthostatic hypotension...
Other AEs:
Hypertension (1 patient)
Orthostatic hypotension (1 patient)
Sources:
1 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 149
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Parkinson’s disease
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 149
Sources:
Disc. AE: Hallucinations...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Hallucinations
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Ear discomfort 1 patient
2 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 2 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
healthy, 33 years
n = 16
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 33 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 16
Sources:
Musculoskeletal pain 1 patient
2 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 2 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
healthy, 33 years
n = 16
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 33 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 16
Sources:
Serotonin syndrome 1 patient
100 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 100 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 100 mg
Sources:
unknown, adult
n = 1
Health Status: unknown
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Hypertension 1 patient
3 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Overdose
Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unknown, adult
n = 1
Health Status: unknown
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Orthostatic hypotension 1 patient
3 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Overdose
Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unknown, adult
n = 1
Health Status: unknown
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Hallucinations Disc. AE
1 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 149
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Parkinson’s disease
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 149
Sources:
Overview

Overview

OverviewOther

Drug as perpetrator​Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
major
yes (co-administration study)
Comment: ciprofloxacin increased rasagiline AUC by 83%
Page: 56, 57, 69
no
no
no (co-administration study)
Comment: hesperetin and narigenin enhanced the systemic exposure of rasagiline not through P-gp
Tox targets

Tox targets

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Synthesis and initial results for MAO-B inhibition by new N-propargyl-3-pyrrol-1-ylindanamine derivatives, analogues of rasagiline.
2003 Apr
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors l-deprenyl and clorgyline protect nonmalignant human cells from ionising radiation and chemotherapy toxicity.
2003 Nov 17
The essentiality of Bcl-2, PKC and proteasome-ubiquitin complex activations in the neuroprotective-antiapoptotic action of the anti-Parkinson drug, rasagiline.
2003 Oct 15
L-DOPA increases noradrenaline turnover in central and peripheral nervous systems.
2003 Sep
Recent approaches to novel anti-Alzheimer therapy.
2004
A controlled, randomized, delayed-start study of rasagiline in early Parkinson disease.
2004 Apr
Double-blind, randomized, controlled trial of rasagiline as monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease patients.
2004 Aug
Clinical applications of MAO-inhibitors.
2004 Aug
Therapeutic applications of selective and non-selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A and B that do not cause significant tyramine potentiation.
2004 Jan
Neuroprotection by monoamine oxidase B inhibitors: a therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease?
2004 Jan
Drugs in development for Parkinson's disease.
2004 Jul
Neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease: an elusive goal.
2004 Jul
Rasagiline enhances L-DOPA-induced contralateral turning in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned guinea-pig.
2004 Jul
Regulation of protein kinase C by the anti-Parkinson drug, MAO-B inhibitor, rasagiline and its derivatives, in vivo.
2004 Jun
Neuroprotective effect of rasagiline in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease.
2004 Jun
Inactivation of purified human recombinant monoamine oxidases A and B by rasagiline and its analogues.
2004 Mar 25
N-Propargyl-1 (R)-aminoindan, rasagiline, increases glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells through activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor.
2004 May
[Are there innovations in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?].
2004 Nov 3
Cardiovascular activity of rasagiline, a selective and potent inhibitor of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase B: comparison with selegiline.
2004 Oct
Clinical trials of neuroprotection for Parkinson's disease.
2004 Oct 12
Preclinical evidence for neuroprotection with monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors in Parkinson's disease.
2004 Oct 12
[The early therapy challenge].
2005
Alternatives to levodopa in the initial treatment of early Parkinson's disease.
2005
Neuroprotective therapy in Parkinson's disease and motor complications: a search for a pathogenesis-targeted, disease-modifying strategy.
2005
Rasagiline.
2005
Mechanism of neuroprotective action of the anti-Parkinson drug rasagiline and its derivatives.
2005 Apr
Novel neuroprotective mechanism of action of rasagiline is associated with its propargyl moiety: interaction of Bcl-2 family members with PKC pathway.
2005 Aug
Reexamination of the TEMPO Study.
2005 Aug
Clinical pharmacology of rasagiline: a novel, second-generation propargylamine for the treatment of Parkinson disease.
2005 Aug
Binding of rasagiline-related inhibitors to human monoamine oxidases: a kinetic and crystallographic analysis.
2005 Dec 29
[Rasagiline. A new monoamine oxidase b inhibitor for Parkinson treatment].
2005 Jul
Characterization of the neuroprotective activity of rasagiline in cerebellar granule cells.
2005 Mar
Present and future drug treatment for Parkinson's disease.
2005 Nov
Regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins, neurotrophic factors, and APP processing in the neurorescue activity of propargylamine.
2005 Nov
Novel potential neuroprotective agents with both iron chelating and amino acid-based derivatives targeting central nervous system neurons.
2005 Nov 25
In vivo measurement of brain monoamine oxidase B occupancy by rasagiline, using (11)C-l-deprenyl and PET.
2005 Oct
Novel multifunctional neuroprotective iron chelator-monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs for neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro studies on antioxidant activity, prevention of lipid peroxide formation and monoamine oxidase inhibition.
2005 Oct
The neurochemical and behavioral effects of the novel cholinesterase-monoamine oxidase inhibitor, ladostigil, in response to L-dopa and L-tryptophan, in rats.
2005 Oct
[Rasagiline in motor fluctuations].
2005 Sep
Neuroprotection by rasagiline: a new therapeutic approach to Parkinson's disease?
2005 Summer
Cost-utility model of rasagiline in the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease in Finland.
2006 Apr
Practice Parameter: treatment of Parkinson disease with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.
2006 Apr 11
Rasagiline: defining the role of a novel therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
2006 Feb
Rasagiline -- is there a place for this drug in managing Parkinson's disease?
2006 Feb
Drugs in development for Parkinson's disease: an update.
2006 Jan
Monoamine oxidase: isoforms and inhibitors in Parkinson's disease and depressive illness.
2006 Jan
Rasagiline improves quality of life in patients with early Parkinson's disease.
2006 May
Rasagiline: A second-generation monoamine oxidase type-B inhibitor for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
2006 May 15
Rationale for considering that propargylamines might be neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease.
2006 May 23
Safety of rasagiline in elderly patients with Parkinson disease.
2006 May 9
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Monotherapy: the recommended AZILECT (RASAGILINE MESYLATE) dose for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease patients is 1 mg administered once daily. Adjunctive Therapy: the recommended initial dose is 0.5 mg administered once daily. If a sufficient clinical response is not achieved, the dose may be increased to 1 mg administered once daily. Change of levodopa dose in adjunct therapy: When AZILECT is used in combination with levodopa, a reduction of the levodopa dosage may be considered based upon individual response. During the controlled trials of AZILECT as adjunct therapy to levodopa, levodopa dosage was reduced in some patients. In clinical studies, dosage reduction of levodopa was allowed within the first 6 weeks if dopaminergic side effects, including dyskinesia and hallucinations, emerged.
Route of Administration: Oral
The present series of in vitro experiments using the rat hippocampal slice preparation deals with effects of rasagiline and its metabolite R-(-)-aminoindan on the pyramidal cell response after electric stimulation of the Schaffer Collaterals in comparison to selegiline, another MAO B inhibitor. During the first series, this response was attenuated in the presence of rasagiline and aminoindan-to a lesser degree of selegiline-in a concentration dependent manner (5-50 μM) after single stimuli as well as under theta burst stimulation (TBS). The presence of rasagiline and aminoindan, but rarely the presence of selegiline, prevented this break down. Following glutamate receptor mediated enhancements of neuronal transmission in a second series of experiments very clear differences could be observed in comparison to the action of selegiline: NMDA receptor, AMPA receptor as well as metabotropic glutamate receptor mediated increases of transmission were concentration dependently (0,3 - 2 μM) antagonized by rasagiline and aminoindan, but not by selegiline. On the opposite, only selegiline attenuated kainate receptor mediated increases of excitability. Thus, both monoamino oxidase (MAO) B inhibitors show attenuation of glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampus but interfere with different receptor mediated excitatory modulations at low concentrations.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023
Record UNII
2V1ZE3067R
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
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Name Type Language
RASAGILINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Common Name English
1H-INDEN-1-AMINE, 2,3-DIHYDRO-N-2-PROPYNYL-, HYDROCHLORIDE, (R)-
Systematic Name English
1H-INDEN-1-AMINE, 2,3-DIHYDRO-N-2-PROPYN-1-YL-, HYDROCHLORIDE (1:1), (1R)-
Common Name English
(R)-(+)-N-PROPARGYL-1-AMINOINDAN HYDROCHLORIDE
Systematic Name English
1H-INDEN-1-AMINE, 2,3-DIHYDRO-N-2-PROPYNYL-, HYDROCHLORIDE, (1R)-
Systematic Name English
Code System Code Type Description
PUBCHEM
9794292
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
136236-50-5
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
2V1ZE3067R
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
MESH
C031967
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 18:09:40 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
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