CP-640186 is a potent inhibitor of mammalian ACCs and can reduce body weight and improve insulin sensitivity in test animals. CP-640186 has recently been shown to be a potent inhibitor of isoforms of mammalian ACCs with IC50 values of about 55 nM. This is currently the only reported potent inhibitor of mammalian ACCs. In cell cultures as well as in animal models, CP-640186 can reduce tissue malonyl-CoA levels, inhibit fatty acid biosynthesis, and stimulate fatty acid oxidation. Most importantly, CP-640186 can reduce body fat mass and body weight, and improve insulin sensitivity, validating ACCs as targets for antiobesity and antidiabetes drugs.CP-640186 potently inhibited HepG2 cell fatty acid and TG synthesis. CP-640186 also stimulated fatty acid oxidation in C2C12 cells (ACC2) and in rat epitrochlearis muscle strips with EC50s of 57 nm and 1.3 uM. In rats, CP-640186 lowered hepatic, soleus muscle, quadriceps muscle, and cardiac muscle malonyl-CoA with ED50s of 55, 6, 15, and 8 mg/kg. Consequently, CP-640186 inhibited fatty acid synthesis in rats, CD1 mice, and ob/ob mice with ED50s of 13, 11, and 4 mg/kg, and stimulated rat whole body fatty acid oxidation with an ED50 of approximately 30 mg/kg.