Zinc oxide

US Approved OTC

First marketed in 1921

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	O.Zn
Molecular Weight	81.408
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[O--].[Zn++]

InChI

InChIKey=RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/O.Zn/q-2;+2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: http://www.chemistrylearner.com/zinc-hydroxide.html | http://www.lookchem.com/Zinc-hydroxide/http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=8415 | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/?set=IndirectAdditives&id=ZINCSULFIDE | http://www.imse.iastate.edu/files/2014/03/Jianqiang_Li_Master_Thesis.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477783http://www.npi.gov.au/resource/zinc-and-compounds | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27546855 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6353570https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/724913/ZINC_CARBONATE/# | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=582.80 | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=347.10 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10378806 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17633459https://www.drugs.com/mtm/zinc-oxide-topical.htmlhttp://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB01303http://www.t3db.ca/toxins/T3D0733https://www.google.com/patents/US3130034http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/125327s020lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including http://www.healio.com/news/print/hemonc-today/%7Bfc05fb30-107a-4753-b673-bd0e9b19881d%7D/glucarpidase-in-the-treatment-of-methotrexate-induced-nephrotoxicity

There is no available information related any biological or pharmacutical application of AMMONIUM PENTACHLOROZINCATE

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Streptococcus mutans 41 Target ID: CHEMBL612426 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12599434 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2913640	Inhibitor 8228
respiratory burst 39 Target ID: GO:0045730 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8157083	Activator 1410
transformed cell apoptotic process 106 Target ID: GO:0006927 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477783	Activator 1410
Methotrexate 38 Target ID: CHEMBL2364710 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/125327s020lbl.pdf	Hydrolytic Enzyme 38
Target ID: ultraviolet B-induced damage Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25947194	Interacts 321
T cell mediated immunity 40 Target ID: GO:0002456 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077486	Activator 1410
Zinc transporter ZIP1 38 Target ID: Q9NY26 Gene ID: 27173.0 Gene Symbol: SLC39A1 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077486	Binding Agent 1059
Zinc transporter ZIP2 38 Target ID: Q9NP94 Gene ID: 29986.0 Gene Symbol: SLC39A2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077486	Binding Agent 1059

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Unknown 2565
Unknown 2565
Unknown 2565
Caries 43 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12599434 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2913640 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6353570	Preventing	Basic research	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Ulcerative colitis 122 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/international/corticotropin-zinc-hydroxide.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13469787	Primary	Approved 8360	CORTROPHIN-ZINC Approved Use Treatment of ulcerative colitis and other colonic disorders. Launch Date -4.55328006E11
Zinc deficiency 39 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6383773	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Acute myeloid leukemia 135 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477783	Primary	Basic research	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Breast cancer 431 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27305766	Primary	Basic research	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Renal insufficiency 40 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/125327s020lbl.pdf	Secondary	Approved 8360	VORAXAZE Approved Use Indicated for the treatment of toxic plasma methotrexate concentrations (>1 micromole per liter) in patients with delayed methotrexate clearance due to impaired renal function. Limitation of use: VORAXAZE is not indicated for use in patients who exhibit the expected clearance of methotrexate (plasma methotrexate concentrations within 2 standard deviations of the mean methotrexate excretion curve specific for the dose of methotrexate administered) or those with normal or mildly impaired renal function because of the potential risk of subtherapeutic exposure to methotrexate. Launch Date 1.32675836E12
Diaper dermatitis 38 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/021026s000lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8360	VUSION Approved Use INDICATIONS AND USAGE VUSION Ointment is indicated for the adjunctive treatment of diaper dermatitis only when complicated by documented candidiasis (microscopic evidence of pseudohyphae and/or budding yeast), in immunocompetent pediatric patients 4 weeks and older. A positive fungal culture for Candida albicans is not adequate evidence of candidal infection since colonization with C. albicans can result in a positive culture. The presence of candidal infection should be established by microscopic evaluation prior to initiating treatment. VUSION Ointment should be used as part of a treatment regimen that includes measures directed at the underlying diaper dermatitis, including gentle cleansing of the diaper area and frequent diaper changes. Launch Date 1.140048E12
Poison Ivy dermatitis 38 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/cdi/zinc-oxide-cream.html	Primary	Approved 8360	ZINC OXIDE Approved Use Unknown
Gastrointestinal disorders 93 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/zinc-sulfate-injection.html	Primary	Approved 8360	ZINC SULFATE Approved Use Unknown Launch Date 5.47171205E11
Mucositis 39 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01015183	Primary	Phase III 663	ZINC SULFATE Approved Use Unknown Launch Date 5.47171205E11
Dysgeusia 38 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00036881	Primary	Phase III 663	ZINC SULFATE Approved Use Unknown Launch Date 5.47171205E11
Unknown 2565

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
In vitro activity of zinc salts against human rhinoviruses.	1987 Apr	3038000
A medicated polycarboxylate cement to prevent complications in composite resin therapy.	1990 Jan	2404104
Topical zinc oxide treatment increases endogenous gene expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 in granulation tissue from porcine wounds.	1994 Dec	7899834
Thujaplicin-copper chelates inhibit replication of human influenza viruses.	1998 Aug	9806486
Combined effects of argon laser irradiation and fluoride treatments in prevention of caries-like lesion formation in enamel: an in vitro study.	1999 Spring	10686872
Bioavailability, biodistribution, and toxicity of BioZn-AAS(1): a new zinc source. comparative studies in rats.	2000 Sep	10978858
Influence of dietary zinc and copper on digestive enzyme activity and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs.	2006 Dec	17093223
Assessing toxicity of fine and nanoparticles: comparing in vitro measurements to in vivo pulmonary toxicity profiles.	2007 May	17301066
DNA damaging potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human epidermal cells.	2009 Mar 28	19382294
Metal oxide nanoparticles induce unique inflammatory footprints in the lung: important implications for nanoparticle testing.	2010 Dec	20729176
In vivo uptake and acute immune response to orally administered chitosan and PEG coated PLGA nanoparticles.	2010 Dec 1	20851137
Role of the dissolved zinc ion and reactive oxygen species in cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles.	2010 Dec 15	20934491
Oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and altered gene expression in human lung epithelial cells exposed to ZnO nanoparticles.	2010 Feb	19755143
Engineered nanomaterials cause cytotoxicity and activation on mouse antigen presenting cells.	2010 Jan 12	19897006
Phosphorylation of p65 is required for zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced interleukin 8 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells.	2010 Jul	20194077
Zinc oxide nanoparticle disruption of store-operated calcium entry in a muscarinic receptor signaling pathway.	2010 Oct	20708676
ZnO nanoparticles induce apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts via p53 and p38 pathways.	2011 Dec	21903158
Quantum dots trigger immunomodulation of the NFκB pathway in human skin cells.	2011 Jul	21481475
Titanium oxide shell coatings decrease the cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles.	2011 Mar 21	21341804
Responses of human cells to ZnO nanoparticles: a gene transcription study.	2011 Nov	21769377
Zinc induces chemokine and inflammatory cytokine release from human promonocytes.	2011 Nov 30	21974847
Safety evaluation of sunscreen formulations containing titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in UVB sunburned skin: an in vitro and in vivo study.	2011 Sep	21642632
Zeta potential and solubility to toxic ions as mechanisms of lung inflammation caused by metal/metal oxide nanoparticles.	2012 Apr	22240982
Zinc oxide nanoparticles interfere with zinc ion homeostasis to cause cytotoxicity.	2012 Feb	22112499
Aerosolized ZnO nanoparticles induce toxicity in alveolar type II epithelial cells at the air-liquid interface.	2012 Feb	21964423
Association of zinc ion release and oxidative stress induced by intratracheal instillation of ZnO nanoparticles to rat lung.	2012 Jun 25	22640810
Zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression requires Rac1/Cdc42, mixed lineage kinase 3, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation in endothelial cells.	2012 Mar	22166487
Molecular cloning, characterization of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase and expression analysis of stress-responsive genes from Eisenia fetida against dietary zinc oxide.	2012 Mar	22137962
Distinct immunomodulatory effects of a panel of nanomaterials in human dermal fibroblasts.	2012 May 5	22342292
Zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibit Ca2+-ATPase expression in human lens epithelial cells under UVB irradiation.	2013 Dec	24060544
Sensitivity of human dental pulp cells to eighteen chemical agents used for endodontic treatments in dentistry.	2013 Jan	22083529
TiO2, CeO2 and ZnO nanoparticles and modulation of the degranulation process in human neutrophils.	2013 Jul 31	23726862
Reactive oxygen species-induced cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles in rat retinal ganglion cells.	2013 Mar	23232460
Cytotoxicity in the age of nano: the role of fourth period transition metal oxide nanoparticle physicochemical properties.	2013 Nov 25	24120544
Involvement of MyD88 in zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced lung inflammation.	2013 Sep	23352990
Mechanism of uptake of ZnO nanoparticles and inflammatory responses in macrophages require PI3K mediated MAPKs signaling.	2014 Apr	24368203
Nanosized zinc oxide particles do not promote DHPN-induced lung carcinogenesis but cause reversible epithelial hyperplasia of terminal bronchioles.	2014 Jan	23832296
Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce migration and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells and accelerate foam cell formation.	2014 Jul 1	24746987
Additive effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and isoorientin on apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line.	2014 Mar 3	24374571
Immunomodulatory activity of zinc peroxide (ZnO₂) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles and their effects on DNA and protein integrity.	2014 May 16	24631018
Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis by enhancement of autophagy via PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibition.	2014 May 16	24614525
ZnO nanoparticles induced adjuvant effect via toll-like receptors and Src signaling in Balb/c mice.	2014 Nov 4	25127755
Ultrasonic assisted removal of sunset yellow from aqueous solution by zinc hydroxide nanoparticle loaded activated carbon: Optimized experimental design.	2015	25953543
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress are involved in ZnO nanoparticle-induced hepatotoxicity.	2015 Apr 2	25680694
Simultaneous sulfate and zinc removal from acid wastewater using an acidophilic and autotrophic biocathode.	2016 Mar 5	26561748
Spectroscopic probe to contribution of physicochemical transformations in the toxicity of aged ZnO NPs to Chlorella vulgaris: new insight into the variation of toxicity of ZnO NPs under aging process.	2016 Oct	27248459
Effects of zinc fluoride on inhibiting dentin demineralization and collagen degradation in vitro: A comparison of various topical fluoride agents.	2016 Oct 1	27546855
Risk Assessment Study of Fluoride Salts: Probability-Impact Matrix of Renal and Hepatic Toxicity Markers.	2016 Sep	26892107
Mycobacterial carbonic anhydrase inhibition with phenolic acids and esters: kinetic and computational investigations.	2016 Sep 21	27530867
Intense 2.7μm emission in Er(3+) doped zinc fluoride glass.	2017 May 15	28214427

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Rats: The dose of zinc hydroxide administered to each rat was 85 mg/kg and represented 40% of the recommended daily allowance of a male adult human. This dose was administered in water solution at a final volume of 1 mL per rat.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Zinc hydroxide (1 mM) stimulates superoxide production by rat alveolar macrophages, as determined by CLA-dependent chemiluminescence.

Name

Type

Language

Zinc oxide

Official Name

English

Zinc oxide [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE COMPONENT OF VUSION

Common Name

English

C.I. 77947

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

ZINC WHITE

Common Name

English

ZINC (AS ZINC OXIDE) [VANDF]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE COMPONENT OF CALAMINE

Common Name

English

CALAMINE COMPONENT ZINC OXIDE

Common Name

English

CI 77947

Official Name

English

C.I. PIGMENT WHITE 4

Common Name

English

ZINCUM OXYDATUM

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE NEUTRAL [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE EMULSION [VANDF]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

ZINC PASTE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [INCI]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [FCC]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [USP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [II]

Common Name

English

ZINCI OXYDUM [WHO-IP LATIN]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [JAN]

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

CI 77947 [INCI]

Common Name

English

ZINC (AS OXIDE) [VANDF]

Common Name

English

VUSION COMPONENT ZINC OXIDE

Common Name

English

ZINC PASTE

Common Name

English

ZINC OXIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

ZINCUM OXYDATUM [HPUS]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

CFR

21 CFR 178.3297