LEUCINE HYDROCHLORIDE

US Previously Marketed

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C6H13NO2.ClH
Molecular Weight	167.634
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

Cl.CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=XKZZNHPZEPVUQK-JEDNCBNOSA-N

InChI=1S/C6H13NO2.ClH/c1-4(2)3-5(7)6(8)9;/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9);1H/t5-;/m0./s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00149 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01362595 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6883121

Leucine is an α-amino acid used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Leucine is an essential hydrophobic amino acid. It is used in the Leucine may be used some people as a supplement to build muscle. Leucine is also found in fish, meat, and poultry. In the pharmaceutical industry, L-leucine is used for parenteral and enteral nutrition and feeding, and is also used as a flavoring product and tablet lubricant in manufacturing. Leucine is an mTOR activator. It is a dietary amino acid with the capacity to directly stimulate muscle protein synthesis. As a dietary supplement, leucine has been found to slow the degradation of muscle tissue by increasing the synthesis of muscle proteins in aged rats. Long-term leucine supplementation does not increase muscle mass or strength in healthy elderly men. Leucine potently activates the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase that regulates cell growth. Infusion of leucine into the rat brain has been shown to decrease food intake and body weight via activation of the mTOR pathway.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTORC1) 23 Target ID: CHEMBL2221341 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28237591	Activator 1430

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Burns 17 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=016822	Primary	Approved 8429	FREAMINE III 10% Approved Use Parenteral nutrition with 8.5% FreAmine® III (Amino Acid Injection) with Electrolytes is indicated to prevent nitrogen loss or treat negative nitrogen balance in adults and pediatric patients, where (1) the alimentary tract, by the oral, gastrostomy, or jejunostomy route, cannot or should not be used, or adequate protein intake is not feasible by these routes; (2) gastrointestinal absorption of protein is impaired; or (3) protein requirements are substantially increased as with extensive burns. Dosage, route of administration, and concomitant infusion of non-protein calories are dependent on various factors, such as nutritional metabolic status of the patient, anticipated duration of parenteral nutritional support, and vein tolerance Launch Date 1971
Diamond-Blackfan anemia 3 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01362595	Primary	Phase II 1132	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Pure red cell aplasia 2 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01362595	Primary	Phase II 1132	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 30 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02546609	Primary	Phase II 1132	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
15.9 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/	100 mg/kg single, oral dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		LEUCINE plasma	Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
48.63 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/	100 mg/kg single, oral dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		LEUCINE plasma	Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
1.49 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/	100 mg/kg single, oral dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		LEUCINE plasma	Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:25017	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:25017
ChemicalBook	CB4365169	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB4365169
MolPort	MolPort-001-780-225	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-001-780-225
eMolecules	499483	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=499483

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Cloning and functional expression of a human Na(+) and Cl(-)-dependent neutral and cationic amino acid transporter B(0+).	1999 Aug 20	10446133
Leucine supplementation and intensive training.	1999 Jun	10418071
A rice functional transcriptional activator, RISBZ1, responsible for endosperm-specific expression of storage protein genes through GCN4 motif.	2001 Apr 27	11133985
Identification of a new Leu354Pro mutation responsible for factor XIII deficiency.	2001 Feb	11168522
Conserved transmembrane tyrosine residues of the TCR beta chain are required for TCR expression and function in primary T cells and hybridomas.	2001 Feb	11157854
Multiple zonal projections of the basilar pontine nuclei to the cerebellar cortex of the rat.	2001 Feb 19	11169481
Identification of the main ubiquitination site in human erythroid alpha-spectrin.	2001 Feb 2	11165260
The metabolic evidence of synergistic effect between ohmefentanyl and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin on differentiated SH-SY5Y cells in humans.	2001 Feb 9	11165441
V89L polymorphism of type-2, 5-alpha reductase enzyme gene predicts prostate cancer presence and progression.	2001 Jan	11164181
Net amino acid flux across the fetal liver and placenta during spontaneous ovine parturition.	2001 Jan	11150831
Quantifying nutrient production by the microbial symbionts in an aphid.	2001 Jan	11136620
A useful route to (R)- and (S)-tert-leucine.	2001 Jan	11135414
Effects of testosterone on production of perivitelline membrane glycoprotein ZPC by granulosa cells of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).	2001 Jan	11133688
Selectively labeling the heterologous protein in Escherichia coli for NMR studies: a strategy to speed up NMR spectroscopy.	2001 Jan	11133287
Intestinal apical amino acid absorption during development of the pig.	2001 Jan	11124157
Intestinal aminooligopeptidase in diabetic BioBreed rat: altered posttranslational processing and trafficking.	2001 Jan	11123203
Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study of a platelet activating factor antagonist, lexipafant, in the treatment and prevention of organ failure in predicted severe acute pancreatitis.	2001 Jan	11115824
The basal turnover of yeast branched-chain amino acid permease Bap2p requires its C-terminal tail.	2001 Jan 15	11164310
Overexpression of 12-lipoxygenase causes cardiac fibroblast cell growth.	2001 Jan 19	11139476
Hepatitis B virus X protein activates transcription by bypassing CREB phosphorylation, not by stabilizing bZIP-DNA complexes.	2001 Jan 23	11170386
MgATP-Bound and nucleotide-free structures of a nitrogenase protein complex between the Leu 127 Delta-Fe-protein and the MoFe-protein.	2001 Jan 23	11170380
Contryphans from Conus textile venom ducts.	2001 Jun	11137539
Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-1: the functions of cyclooxygenase active site residues in the binding, positioning, and oxygenation of arachidonic acid.	2001 Mar 30	11121412
Peptide leucine arginine, a potent immunomodulatory peptide isolated and structurally characterized from the skin of the Northern Leopard frog, Rana pipiens.	2001 Mar 30	11099505
Sequence requirements for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist activity of conantokin-R.	2001 Mar 9	11096077

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

leucine 700 mg/m2/dose by mouth three times a day

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Primary cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were rinsed with PBS and harvested in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 (50 mmol/L KH2PO4, 1 mmol/L EGTA, 150 mmol/L sucrose). The reaction was started by the addition of a lucigenin mixture 5 μmol/L) and NADPH (100 μmol/L) (Sigma-Aldrich) to the protein sample in a final volume of 250 μL. Branched-chain amino acids were prepared as a mixture of leucine, isoleucine and valine at 0.2–12 mmol/L Cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of BCAA (4–12 mmol/L) for 1 h Chemiluminescence was determined every 2.4 s for 3 min in a microtiter plate luminometer (Enspire Perkin Elmer). Basal activity in the absence of NADPH was subtracted from each reading and normalized to protein concentration.

Name

Type

Language

LEUCINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

Leucine hydrochloride [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

LEUCINE, L-, HYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

L-LEUCINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

LEUCINE HYDROCHLORIDE, (-)-

Systematic Name

English

L-LEUCINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

(S)-2-AMINO-4-METHYLPENTANOIC ACID MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

PUBCHEM

102479