Details
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C6H13NO2.ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 167.634 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Cl.CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O
InChI
InChIKey=XKZZNHPZEPVUQK-JEDNCBNOSA-N
InChI=1S/C6H13NO2.ClH/c1-4(2)3-5(7)6(8)9;/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9);1H/t5-;/m0./s1
| Molecular Formula | ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 36.461 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | C6H13NO2 |
| Molecular Weight | 131.1729 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Leucine is an α-amino acid used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Leucine is an essential hydrophobic amino acid. It is used in the Leucine may be used some people as a supplement to build muscle. Leucine is also found in fish, meat, and poultry. In the pharmaceutical industry, L-leucine is used for parenteral and enteral nutrition and feeding, and is also used as a flavoring product and tablet lubricant in manufacturing. Leucine is an mTOR activator. It is a dietary amino acid with the capacity to directly stimulate muscle protein synthesis. As a dietary supplement, leucine has been found to slow the degradation of muscle tissue by increasing the synthesis of muscle proteins in aged rats. Long-term leucine supplementation does not increase muscle mass or strength in healthy elderly men. Leucine potently activates the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase that regulates cell growth. Infusion of leucine into the rat brain has been shown to decrease food intake and body weight via activation of the mTOR pathway.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2221341 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | FREAMINE III 10% Approved UseParenteral nutrition with 8.5% FreAmine® III (Amino Acid Injection) with Electrolytes is
indicated to prevent nitrogen loss or treat negative nitrogen balance in adults and pediatric
patients, where (1) the alimentary tract, by the oral, gastrostomy, or jejunostomy route, cannot or
should not be used, or adequate protein intake is not feasible by these routes; (2) gastrointestinal
absorption of protein is impaired; or (3) protein requirements are substantially increased as with
extensive burns. Dosage, route of administration, and concomitant infusion of non-protein
calories are dependent on various factors, such as nutritional metabolic status of the patient, anticipated duration of parenteral nutritional support, and vein tolerance Launch Date1971 |
|||
| Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
|||
| Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
|||
| Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
15.9 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/ |
100 mg/kg single, oral dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
LEUCINE plasma | Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
48.63 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/ |
100 mg/kg single, oral dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
LEUCINE plasma | Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1.49 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/ |
100 mg/kg single, oral dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
LEUCINE plasma | Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of mutations causing retinitis pigmentosa and other inherited retinopathies. | 2001 |
|
| Expression pattern and gene characterization of asporin. a newly discovered member of the leucine-rich repeat protein family. | 2001 Apr 13 |
|
| The biosynthetic incorporation of the intact leucine skeleton into sterol by the trypanosomatid Leishmania mexicana. | 2001 Apr 13 |
|
| Stem cell factor presentation to c-Kit. Identification of a basolateral targeting domain. | 2001 Apr 20 |
|
| Different usage of the glycosaminoglycan attachment sites of biglycan. | 2001 Apr 20 |
|
| A rice functional transcriptional activator, RISBZ1, responsible for endosperm-specific expression of storage protein genes through GCN4 motif. | 2001 Apr 27 |
|
| Identification of a new Leu354Pro mutation responsible for factor XIII deficiency. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Determination of binding constant of transcription factor AP-1 and DNA. Application of inhibitors. | 2001 Feb |
|
| The Drosophila homolog of human AF10/AF17 leukemia fusion genes (Dalf) encodes a zinc finger/leucine zipper nuclear protein required in the nervous system for maintaining EVE expression and normal growth. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Temperature dependence of the folding and unfolding kinetics of the GCN4 leucine zipper via 13C(alpha)-NMR. | 2001 Feb |
|
| A compound heterozygous one amino-acid insertion/nonsense mutation in the plectin gene causes epidermolysis bullosa simplex with plectin deficiency. | 2001 Feb |
|
| The digestion rate of protein is an independent regulating factor of postprandial protein retention. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Amino acid interconversions in the fetal-placental unit: the animal model and human studies in vivo. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Increased albumin and fibrinogen synthesis in hemodialysis patients with normal nutritional status. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Differential insulin sensitivities of glucose, amino acid, and albumin metabolism in elderly men and women. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Conserved transmembrane tyrosine residues of the TCR beta chain are required for TCR expression and function in primary T cells and hybridomas. | 2001 Feb |
|
| A novel syndrome affecting multiple mitochondrial functions, located by microcell-mediated transfer to chromosome 2p14-2p13. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Defective intracellular transport and processing of JAG1 missense mutations in Alagille syndrome. | 2001 Feb 15 |
|
| Tryptophan- and dileucine-based endocytosis signals in the neonatal Fc receptor. | 2001 Feb 16 |
|
| Multiple zonal projections of the basilar pontine nuclei to the cerebellar cortex of the rat. | 2001 Feb 19 |
|
| Identification of the main ubiquitination site in human erythroid alpha-spectrin. | 2001 Feb 2 |
|
| The metabolic evidence of synergistic effect between ohmefentanyl and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin on differentiated SH-SY5Y cells in humans. | 2001 Feb 9 |
|
| Identification and characterization of a novel gene that is upregulated in leukaemia cells by nitric oxide. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Precursor supply for polyketide biosynthesis: the role of crotonyl-CoA reductase. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Simvastatin inhibits noradrenaline-induced hypertrophy of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Enhanced flavour formation by combination of selected lactococci from industrial and artisanal origin with focus on completion of a metabolic pathway. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Net amino acid flux across the fetal liver and placenta during spontaneous ovine parturition. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Proteoglycan synthesis is increased in cells with impaired clathrin-dependent endocytosis. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Characterization of 3-[(123)I]iodo-L-alpha-methyl tyrosine transport in astrocytes of neonatal rats. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Effect of elective abdominal surgery on human colon protein synthesis in situ. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Intestinal apical amino acid absorption during development of the pig. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Antianalgesic action of nociceptin originating in the brain is mediated by spinal prostaglandin E(2) in mice. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Intestinal aminooligopeptidase in diabetic BioBreed rat: altered posttranslational processing and trafficking. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Central neurocytomas express photoreceptor differentiation. | 2001 Jan 1 |
|
| Chloramine-T in radiolabeling techniques. IV. Penta-O-acetyl-N-chloro-N-methylglucamine as an oxidizing agent in radiolabelling techniques. | 2001 Jan 1 |
|
| Spontaneous dimerization and leucine-zipper induced activation of the recombinant catalytic domain of a new adenylyl cyclase of Trypanosoma brucei, GRESAG4.4B. | 2001 Jan 15 |
|
| The basal turnover of yeast branched-chain amino acid permease Bap2p requires its C-terminal tail. | 2001 Jan 15 |
|
| Secondary structure and post-translational modifications of the leucine-rich repeat protein PGIP (polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein) from Phaseolus vulgaris. | 2001 Jan 16 |
|
| Amino acid residues in ribonuclease MC1 from bitter gourd seeds which are essential for uridine specificity. | 2001 Jan 16 |
|
| Peptide models of the helical hydrophobic transmembrane segments of membrane proteins: interactions of acetyl-K2-(LA)12-K2-amide with phosphatidylethanolamine bilayer membranes. | 2001 Jan 16 |
|
| Strain is more important than electrostatic interaction in controlling the pKa of the catalytic group in aspartate aminotransferase. | 2001 Jan 16 |
|
| Substituting leucine for alanine-86 in the tether region of the iron-sulfur protein of the cytochrome bc1 complex affects the mobility of the [2Fe2S] domain. | 2001 Jan 16 |
|
| Overexpression of 12-lipoxygenase causes cardiac fibroblast cell growth. | 2001 Jan 19 |
|
| Hepatitis B virus X protein activates transcription by bypassing CREB phosphorylation, not by stabilizing bZIP-DNA complexes. | 2001 Jan 23 |
|
| MgATP-Bound and nucleotide-free structures of a nitrogenase protein complex between the Leu 127 Delta-Fe-protein and the MoFe-protein. | 2001 Jan 23 |
|
| The bZIP-like motif of hnRNP C directs the nuclear accumulation of pre-mRNA and lethality in yeast. | 2001 Jan 26 |
|
| Contryphans from Conus textile venom ducts. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Cohesin-dockerin interaction in cellulosome assembly: a single hydroxyl group of a dockerin domain distinguishes between nonrecognition and high affinity recognition. | 2001 Mar 30 |
|
| Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-1: the functions of cyclooxygenase active site residues in the binding, positioning, and oxygenation of arachidonic acid. | 2001 Mar 30 |
|
| Peptide leucine arginine, a potent immunomodulatory peptide isolated and structurally characterized from the skin of the Northern Leopard frog, Rana pipiens. | 2001 Mar 30 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Primary cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were rinsed with PBS and harvested in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 (50 mmol/L KH2PO4, 1 mmol/L EGTA, 150 mmol/L sucrose). The reaction was started by the addition of a lucigenin mixture 5 μmol/L) and NADPH (100 μmol/L) (Sigma-Aldrich) to the protein sample in a final volume of 250 μL. Branched-chain amino acids were prepared as a mixture of leucine, isoleucine and valine at 0.2–12 mmol/L Cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of BCAA (4–12 mmol/L) for 1 h Chemiluminescence was determined every 2.4 s for 3 min in a microtiter plate luminometer (Enspire Perkin Elmer). Basal activity in the absence of NADPH was subtracted from each reading and normalized to protein concentration.
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Mon Mar 31 17:51:04 GMT 2025
by
admin
on
Mon Mar 31 17:51:04 GMT 2025
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| Record UNII |
N39KV97633
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| Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
|
| Record Version |
|
-
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102479
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N39KV97633
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DBSALT001773
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212-083-2
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DTXSID40226904
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760-84-9
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PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE |
