Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C14H19NO2 |
Molecular Weight | 233.3062 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 2 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CCCCN1)[C@H](C(=O)OC)C2=CC=CC=C2
InChI
InChIKey=DUGOZIWVEXMGBE-CHWSQXEVSA-N
InChI=1S/C14H19NO2/c1-17-14(16)13(11-7-3-2-4-8-11)12-9-5-6-10-15-12/h2-4,7-8,12-13,15H,5-6,9-10H2,1H3/t12-,13-/m1/s1
Dexmethylphenidate is the dextrorotary form of methylphenidate. Dexmethylphenidate is marketed under the trade name Focalin. Focalin (dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride) is the d-threo-enantiomer of racemic
methylphenidate hydrochloride, which is a 50/50 mixture of the d-threo and l-threoenantiomers. Focalin is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, available in three tablet strengths. Each tablet contains dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride 2.5, 5, or 10 mg for oral administration. Dexmethylphenidate is used as a treatment for ADHD, ideally in conjunction with psychological, educational, behavioral or other forms of treatment. Methylphenidate blocks dopamine uptake in central adrenergic neurons by blocking dopamine transport or carrier proteins. Methylphenidate acts at the brain stem arousal system and the cerebral cortex and causes increased sympathomimetic activity in the central nervous system. Methylphenidate is a catecholamine reuptake inhibitor that indirectly increases catecholaminergic neurotransmission by inhibiting the dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET), which are responsible for clearing catecholamines from the synapse, particularly in the striatum and meso-limbic system.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Doses
AEs
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Drug as victim
Sourcing
PubMed
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Focalin (Dexmethylphenidate) is administered twice daily, at least 4 hours apart. Focalin may be administered with or without food. The recommended starting dose of Focalin for patients who are not currently taking racemic
methylphenidate, or for patients who are on stimulants other than methylphenidate, is 5
mg/day (2.5 mg twice daily).
Dosage may be adjusted in 2.5 to 5 mg increments to a maximum of 20 mg/day (10 mg twice daily). In general, dosage adjustments may proceed at approximately weekly intervals.
Route of Administration:
Oral