U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula C14H19NO2.ClH
Molecular Weight 269.767
Optical Activity UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters 2 / 2
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE

SMILES

Cl.COC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H]1CCCCN1)C2=CC=CC=C2

InChI

InChIKey=JUMYIBMBTDDLNG-OJERSXHUSA-N
InChI=1S/C14H19NO2.ClH/c1-17-14(16)13(11-7-3-2-4-8-11)12-9-5-6-10-15-12;/h2-4,7-8,12-13,15H,5-6,9-10H2,1H3;1H/t12-,13-;/m1./s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Molecular Formula C14H19NO2
Molecular Weight 233.3062
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 2 / 2
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity UNSPECIFIED
Molecular Formula ClH
Molecular Weight 36.461
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description

Dexmethylphenidate is the dextrorotary form of methylphenidate. Dexmethylphenidate is marketed under the trade name Focalin. Focalin (dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride) is the d-threo-enantiomer of racemic methylphenidate hydrochloride, which is a 50/50 mixture of the d-threo and l-threoenantiomers. Focalin is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, available in three tablet strengths. Each tablet contains dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride 2.5, 5, or 10 mg for oral administration. Dexmethylphenidate is used as a treatment for ADHD, ideally in conjunction with psychological, educational, behavioral or other forms of treatment. Methylphenidate blocks dopamine uptake in central adrenergic neurons by blocking dopamine transport or carrier proteins. Methylphenidate acts at the brain stem arousal system and the cerebral cortex and causes increased sympathomimetic activity in the central nervous system. Methylphenidate is a catecholamine reuptake inhibitor that indirectly increases catecholaminergic neurotransmission by inhibiting the dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET), which are responsible for clearing catecholamines from the synapse, particularly in the striatum and meso-limbic system.

CNS Activity

CNS Active
4002
Curator's Comment: Dexmethylphenidate is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant

Originator

Approval Year

2001
187
Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Inhibitor
8504
 161.0 nM [Ki]
Inhibitor
8504
 206.0 nM [Ki]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Approved
8583
FOCALIN

Approved Use

Focalin XR is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in patients aged 6 years and older. The effectiveness of Focalin XR in the treatment of ADHD in patients aged 6 years and older was established in two placebo-controlled studies in patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for ADHD.

Launch Date

2001
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
22.13 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14747426
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
23.72 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14747426
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
10.7 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28590363
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
131.9 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14747426
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
120.9 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14747426
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
79.8 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28590363
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2.81 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14747426
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
2.68 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14747426
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
3.3 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28590363
20 mg single, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Other AEs: Vomiting, Agitation...
Other AEs:
Vomiting
Agitation
Tremor
Hyperreflexia
Muscle twitching
Convulsions
Euphoria
Confusion
Hallucinations
Delirium
Sweating
Flushing
Headache
Hyperpyrexia
Tachycardia
Palpitations
Cardiac arrhythmias
Hypertension
Mydriasis
Mucosal dryness
Rhabdomyolysis
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
30 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Disc. AE: Twitching, Anorexia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Twitching (1%)
Anorexia (1%)
Insomnia (1%)
Tachycardia (1%)
Insomnia (1.8%)
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Disc. AE: Cardiac disorders, Stroke...
Other AEs: Increased blood pressure, Heart rate increased...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Cardiac disorders (grade 3-5)
Stroke (grade 3-5)
Myocardial infarction (grade 3-5)
Seizures
Raynaud's phenomenon
Other AEs:
Increased blood pressure
Heart rate increased
Psychotic symptom (grade 3-5)
Psychotic symptom
Manic symptom
Aggression
Growth suppression
Priapism
Erection prolonged
Vascular disorders
Visual disturbance
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Disc. AE: Feeling jittery, Anorexia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Feeling jittery (1.8%)
Anorexia (1.2%)
Anxiety (1.2%)
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Agitation
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Cardiac arrhythmias
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Confusion
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Convulsions
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Delirium
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Euphoria
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Flushing
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Hallucinations
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Headache
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Hyperpyrexia
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Hyperreflexia
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Hypertension
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Mucosal dryness
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Muscle twitching
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Mydriasis
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Palpitations
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Rhabdomyolysis
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Sweating
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Tachycardia
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Tremor
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Vomiting
40 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 40 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 40 mg
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Anorexia 1%
Disc. AE
30 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Insomnia 1%
Disc. AE
30 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Tachycardia 1%
Disc. AE
30 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Twitching 1%
Disc. AE
30 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Insomnia 1.8%
Disc. AE
30 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Aggression
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Erection prolonged
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Growth suppression
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Heart rate increased
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Increased blood pressure
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Manic symptom
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Priapism
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Psychotic symptom
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Vascular disorders
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Visual disturbance
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Raynaud's phenomenon Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Seizures Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Psychotic symptom grade 3-5
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Cardiac disorders grade 3-5
Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Myocardial infarction grade 3-5
Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Stroke grade 3-5
Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Anorexia 1.2%
Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Anxiety 1.2%
Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Feeling jittery 1.8%
Disc. AE
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Sources:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/021802s033lbl.pdf
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG
inhibitor
2438
inhibitor
2507

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer
CYP1A2
2153

CYP2C8
1057

CYP2C19
2057

CYP2E1
1060

CYP3A
227
esterase
74

CES2
33

P-gp
2052
Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
CYP1A2
2333
 no
CYP2C19
2141
 no
CYP2C8
1117
 no
CYP2C9
2497
 no
CYP2E1
1146
 no
CYP3A
317
 no
CYP2D6
2546
 no
no (co-administration study)
Comment: Clinically, methylphenidate coadministration did not increase plasma concentrations of the CYP2D6 substrate desipramine.
Page: 11.0
Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
CES2
33
 no
P-gp
2052
 weak
esterase
74
 yes
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
ChEBI
CHEBI:51860
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:51860
ZINC
ZINC000000896711
http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000000896711
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Azido-iodo-N-benzyl derivatives of threo-methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta): Rational design, synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and dopamine transporter photoaffinity labeling.
2011-01-01
Use of psychostimulants in patients with dementia.
2010-10
European consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD: The European Network Adult ADHD.
2010-09-03
Testing tic suppression: comparing the effects of dexmethylphenidate to no medication in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and Tourette's disorder.
2010-08
Real-World Data on: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Side Effects.
2010-04
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: recent advances in paediatric pharmacotherapy.
2010
Dexmethylphenidate extended release: a review of its use in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2009-12
Efficacy of dexmethylphenidate for the treatment of fatigue after cancer chemotherapy: a randomized clinical trial.
2009-11
Dexmethylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2009-11
Efficacy and safety of dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules administered once daily to children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2009-08
Ixabepilone: a new treatment option for the management of taxane-resistant metastatic breast cancer.
2009-06-29
A retrospective claims analysis of combination therapy in the treatment of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2009-06-08
Pharmacotherapy for adult ADHD.
2009-05
Once-daily medications for the pharmacological management of ADHD in adults.
2009-04
Focalin XR for ADHD.
2009-03-23
Long-term effectiveness and safety of dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules in adult ADHD.
2009-03
Management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: focus on methylphenidate hydrochloride.
2009
Psychopharmacology of ADHD in pediatrics: current advances and issues.
2009
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: evidence-based recommendations for management.
2008-09
Does chirality matter? pharmacodynamics of enantiomers of methylphenidate in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2008-06
Evolution of the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: a review.
2008-05
Treatment of adult ADHD: is current knowledge useful to clinicians?
2008-02
A randomized, double-blind, crossover study of once-daily dexmethylphenidate in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: rapid onset of effect.
2008
Similar bioavailability of dexmethylphenidate extended (bimodal) release, dexmethyl-phenidate immediate release and racemic methylphenidate extended (bimodal) release formulations in man.
2007-12
Impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on prescription dug spending for children and adolescents: increasing relevance of health economic evidence.
2007-11-15
The nonmedical use of prescription ADHD medications: results from a national Internet panel.
2007-10-31
The complexity of ADHD: diagnosis and treatment of the adult patient with comorbidities.
2007-08
Efficacy and safety of dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2007-06-15
Synthesis and pharmacology of site-specific cocaine abuse treatment agents: restricted rotation analogues of methylphenidate.
2007-05-31
[Pharmacotherapy of adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a systematic review].
2007
A comparative study on the cost of new antibiotics and drugs of other therapeutic categories.
2006-12-20
Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2006-12
Illicit use of specific prescription stimulants among college students: prevalence, motives, and routes of administration.
2006-10
Efficacy and safety of dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2006-07
Misuse of "study drugs:" prevalence, consequences, and implications for policy.
2006-06-09
[Medical treatments of hyperactive child: about the new pharmaceutical forms of methylphenidate marketed in France].
2006-01
ADHD in adolescence and adulthood, with a special focus on the dopamine transporter and nicotine.
2006
Dexmethylphenidate extended release: in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2006
Dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2005-07
Differential effects of amphetamine isomers on dopamine release in the rat striatum and nucleus accumbens core.
2005-03
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: pharmacotherapy.
2005-01
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride and d,l-threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2004-11
Efficacy of two once-daily methylphenidate formulations compared across dose levels at different times of the day: preliminary indications from a secondary analysis of the COMACS study data.
2004-09-30
A single-dose, two-way crossover, bioequivalence study of dexmethylphenidate HCl with and without food in healthy subjects.
2004-02
Open-label study of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2004
A double-blind, placebo-controlled withdrawal trial of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2004
D-Methylphenidate is non-genotoxic in in vitro and in vivo assays.
2003-05-09
Neurobehavioral effects of racemic threo-methylphenidate and its D and L enantiomers in rats.
2003-02
The use of a laboratory school protocol to evaluate concepts about efficacy and side effects of new formulations of stimulant medications.
2002
Dexmethylphenidate--Novartis/Celgene. Focalin, D-MPH, D-methylphenidate hydrochloride, D-methylphenidate, dexmethylphenidate, dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride.
2002
Patents

Patents

JP2009526755A
475
JP2011510954A
147

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
Focalin (Dexmethylphenidate) is administered twice daily, at least 4 hours apart. Focalin may be administered with or without food. The recommended starting dose of Focalin for patients who are not currently taking racemic methylphenidate, or for patients who are on stimulants other than methylphenidate, is 5 mg/day (2.5 mg twice daily). Dosage may be adjusted in 2.5 to 5 mg increments to a maximum of 20 mg/day (10 mg twice daily). In general, dosage adjustments may proceed at approximately weekly intervals.
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Dexmethylphenidate inhibition [3H]dopamine uptake at human DAT expressed in mouse N2A cells with IC50 156 nM.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
Record UNII
1678OK0E08
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE
MART.   ORANGE BOOK   USAN   VANDF   WHO-DD  
USAN  
Official Name English
METHYLPHENIDATE D-THREO-FORM HYDROCHLORIDE
MI  
Preferred Name English
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE [VANDF]
Common Name English
FOCALIN
Brand Name English
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HCL
Common Name English
DEX-METHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE
Common Name English
Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
Methyl (2R)-phenyl[(2R)-piperidin-2-yl]acetate hydrochloride
Systematic Name English
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE [MART.]
Common Name English
AZSTARYS COMPONENT DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE
Brand Name English
METHYLPHENIDATE D-THREO-FORM HYDROCHLORIDE [MI]
Common Name English
2-PIPERIDINEACETIC ACID, .ALPHA.-PHENYL-, METHYL ESTER, HYDROCHLORIDE,(.ALPHA.R,2R)-
Common Name English
DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE [USAN]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C47795
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
USAN
NN-28
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m7453
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
EVMPD
SUB20614
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000086189
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DBSALT001458
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
1678OK0E08
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID50940927
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C47480
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
1678OK0E08
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL827
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
353105
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
PUBCHEM
154100
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
19262-68-1
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:13:10 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
Structure of DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE
Related Record Type Details
Structure of DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE
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