Details
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C10H12N2O |
| Molecular Weight | 176.2151 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CN1[C@@H](CCC1=O)C2=CN=CC=C2
InChI
InChIKey=UIKROCXWUNQSPJ-VIFPVBQESA-N
InChI=1S/C10H12N2O/c1-12-9(4-5-10(12)13)8-3-2-6-11-7-8/h2-3,6-7,9H,4-5H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1
DescriptionCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/brp/tcrb/monographs/7/m7_7.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26972290
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/brp/tcrb/monographs/7/m7_7.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26972290
Cotinine is a product formed after the chemical nicotine enters the body. Measuring cotinine in people’s blood is the most reliable way to determine exposure to nicotine for both smokers and nonsmokers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Cotinine is safe, non-addictive and has pharmacokinetic properties adequate for therapeutic use. Research has shown that cotinine has antipsychotic, anxiolytic, and antidepressant properties and modulates the serotonergic, cholinergic and dopaminergic systems. Cotinine behaves as a positive allosteric modulator of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and has anti-inflammatory effects. Cotinine is under investigation as an agent for the treatment of depression, PTSD, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors alpha3/alpha6/beta2 (Saimiri sciureus) |
236.0 µM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors alpha4/beta2 (Saimiri sciureus) |
495.0 µM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL2492 |
175.0 µM [IC50] |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palliative | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
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| Diagnostic | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
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| Palliative | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| [Prevalence of cannabis and tobacco use in patients attending a methadone center. Evaluation by urinary biomarkers]. | 2001 Apr |
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| Determination of coumarin metabolism in Turkish population. | 2001 Apr |
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| [An appreciation of maternal smoking with high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of maternal and neonatal urinary cotinine]. | 2001 Apr |
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| Variable CYP2A6-mediated nicotine metabolism alters smoking behavior and risk. | 2001 Apr |
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| Human papillomavirus infection as a risk factor for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. | 2001 Apr 12 |
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| Osteogenic protein-1 overcomes the inhibitory effect of nicotine on posterolateral lumbar fusion. | 2001 Aug 1 |
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| Smoking reduction in smokers compliant to a smoking cessation trial with nicotine patch. | 2001 Feb |
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| [Smoking in adolescents, saliva cotinine concentrations and respiratory disease]. | 2001 Feb |
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| Application of planar chromatography to the determination of cotinine in urine of active and passive smoking pregnant women. | 2001 Feb |
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| Assessing the impact of a nurse-led health education intervention for people with peripheral vascular disease who smoke: the use of physiological markers, nicotine dependence and withdrawal. | 2001 Feb |
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| Nicotine, but not cotinine, partially protects dopaminergic neurons against MPTP-induced degeneration in mice. | 2001 Feb 2 |
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| Assessment of prenatal smoke exposure by determining nicotine and its metabolites in maternal and neonatal urine. | 2001 Jan |
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| Tobacco hypersensitivity and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in a pediatric population. | 2001 Jan |
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| Evaluation of the effect of passive smoking on otitis media in children by an objective method: urinary cotinine analysis. | 2001 Jan |
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| Counselor and stimulus control enhancements of a stage-matched expert system intervention for smokers in a managed care setting. | 2001 Jan |
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| Chronic maternal smoking and cord blood amino acid and enzyme levels at term. | 2001 Jan |
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| Do smoking parents seek the best advice for their asthmatic children? | 2001 Jan |
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| High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of pyridostigmine bromide, nicotine, and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine. | 2001 Jul |
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| Prevalence of nicotine consumption in drug deaths. | 2001 Jul 15 |
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| Gender differences in autoantibodies to oxidative DNA base damage in cigarette smokers. | 2001 Jun |
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| Dose-years as an improved index of cumulative tobacco smoke exposure. | 2001 Jun |
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| Evaluation of methoxsalen, tranylcypromine, and tryptamine as specific and selective CYP2A6 inhibitors in vitro. | 2001 Jun |
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| Effect of cigarette smoking on levels of bioavailable testosterone in healthy men. | 2001 Jun |
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| Quantification of nicotine, chlorpyrifos and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine using high-performance liquid chromatography. | 2001 Jun 15 |
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| Smoking related to plasma leptin concentration in pregnant women and their newborn infants. | 2001 Mar |
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| Exposure to ethanol and nicotine during the brain growth spurt: spatial DMP performance in male rats. | 2001 Mar |
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| Nicotine and cotinine adducts of a melanin intermediate demonstrated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | 2001 Mar |
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| Exposure to cold and draught, alcohol consumption, and the NS-phenotype are associated with chronic bronchitis: an epidemiological investigation of 3387 men aged 53-75 years: the Copenhagen Male Study. | 2001 Mar |
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| Cotinine binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in bovine chromaffin cell and rat brain membranes. | 2001 May |
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| Preparation of pyridine-N-glucuronides of tobacco-specific nitrosamines. | 2001 May |
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| Adaptation of an enzyme immunoassay to assess urinary cotinine in nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke. | 2001 May |
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| In vitro effects of nicotine on mitochondrial respiration and superoxide anion generation. | 2001 May 4 |
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| Systemic nicotine exposure in tobacco harvesters. | 2001 May-Jun |
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| Personal exposures to PM(2.5) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their relationship to environmental tobacco smoke at two locations in Greece. | 2001 May-Jun |
Sample Use Guides
High (190 ug/ml) concentration of Cotinine significantly altered all the sperm kinetic variables in relation to the time of incubation (forward motility, velocity, linearity and beat cross-frequency). Despite the impact seen on these parameters, there was still 30% forward motility after 24 h of incubation.
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| Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C73579
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737
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COTININE
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7805
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207-634-9
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D003367
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486-56-6
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100000084251
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68641
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1463348
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m3811
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C70941
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CHEMBL578211
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SUB06811MIG
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ACTIVE MOIETY
PARENT (METABOLITE)
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