LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE

US Previously Marketed

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C6H14N2O2.ClH
Molecular Weight	182.649
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

Cl.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N

InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2.ClH/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10;/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10);1H/t5-;/m0./s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.nap.edu/read/10490/chapter/12
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26252373

Lysing is an essential basic amino-acid encoded by codone AAA and AAG, and used in the biosynthesis of proteins. The daily requirement for lysine is 38 mg/kg body weight. The most rich source of lysine is fish, beef, chicken. In a clinical study lysine supplements was found to be an effective for reduction of occurrence, severity and healing time for recurrent HSV infection, however Cochrane Review concluded that the evidence is insufficient. Lysine was investigated for improving anxiety, ameliorating angina prectoris. Lysine acetylsalicylate has been used to treat pain and to detoxify the body after heroin use. Lysine clonixinate has been used for its analgesic properties for the treatment of migraine headaches and other painful conditions. However, limited clinical trials exist for these conditions.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Serotonin 4 (5-HT4) receptor 39 Target ID: CHEMBL1875 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28103616	Antagonist 2778
GABA-A receptor; anion channel 202 Target ID: CHEMBL2093872 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8587651	Agonist 2678

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Herpes simplex infection 28 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine has been studied for the prevention and treatment of herpes infections and cold sores.
Angina pectoris 106 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine supplements may relieve effort-related angina pectoris.
Osteoporosis 97 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine increases the intestinal absorption and reduces the renal elimination of calcium.
Anxiety 267 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine is believed to exert anxiolytic effects by acting as a partial serotonin receptor 4 antagonist and as a partial benzodiazepine agonist
Heroin dependence 10 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Palliative	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine acetylsalicylate has been used to detoxify the body after heroin use.
Patent ductus arteriosus 8 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/neoprofen.html	Primary	Approved 8429	NEOPROFEN Approved Use NeoProfen is indicated to close a clinically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants weighing between 500 and 1500 g, who are no more than 32 weeks gestational age when usual medical management (e.g., fluid restriction, diuretics, respiratory support, etc.) is ineffective. The clinical trial was conducted among infants with an asymptomatic PDA. However, the consequences beyond 8 weeks after treatment have not been evaluated; therefore, treatment should be reserved for infants with clear evidence of a clinically significant PDA. Launch Date 2006

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Thermal and enzymatic recovering of proteins from untanned leather waste.	2001	11150136
Identification of the alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase-phosphopantetheinyl transferase gene, the human ortholog of the yeast LYS5 gene.	2001 Apr	11286508
A systematic approach to the analysis of protein phosphorylation.	2001 Apr	11283598
Differences in sialic acid density in pathogenic and non-pathogenic Aspergillus species.	2001 Apr	11283283
Translational extracts active biologically in vitro obtained from eukaryotic monolayer cells: a versatile method for viral RNA studies.	2001 Apr	11226564
Effect of the degree of fatty acid unsaturation of rat heart mitochondria on their rates of H2O2 production and lipid and protein oxidative damage.	2001 Apr 15	11240164
Properties of microtubules assembled from mammalian tubulin synthesized in Escherichia coli.	2001 Apr 17	11294652
Glycophorin as a receptor for Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin in erythrocytes.	2001 Apr 20	11134007
Peflin and ALG-2, members of the penta-EF-hand protein family, form a heterodimer that dissociates in a Ca2+-dependent manner.	2001 Apr 27	11278427
Ethanol production from wheat straw hemicellulose hydrolysate by Pichia stipitis.	2001 Apr 27	11267696
L-lysine reduces nonenzymatic glycation of glomerular basement membrane collagen and albuminuria in diabetic rats.	2001 Feb	11244310
Endotoxin, endotoxin-neutralizing-capacity, sCD14, sICAM-1, and cytokines in patients with various degrees of alcoholic liver disease.	2001 Feb	11236841
Hydrolysed protein accelerates the gastrointestinal transport of formula in preterm infants.	2001 Feb	11236051
Purification and structure elucidation of the N-acetylbacillosamine-containing polysaccharide from Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 9945.	2001 Feb	11168428
Affinity purification of Csk protein tyrosine kinase based on its catalytic requirement for divalent metal cations.	2001 Feb	11162381
Characterization of the lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia pestis.	2001 Feb	11162185
Rapid polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of a mutant form of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1.	2001 Feb	11160862
Uptake and accumulation of exogenous docosahexaenoic acid by Chlorella.	2001 Jan	11272831
Influence of lysates of the salivary glands of Lutzomyia longipalpis on the development of a Leishmania-major-like parasite in the skin of the golden hamster.	2001 Jan	11235554
A novel protein-RNA binding assay: functional interactions of the foot-and-mouth disease virus internal ribosome entry site with cellular proteins.	2001 Jan	11214173
Inhibition of the nitrosothiol production of cultured osteoarthritic chondrocytes by rhein, cortisol and diclofenac.	2001 Jan	11178941
Selectively labeling the heterologous protein in Escherichia coli for NMR studies: a strategy to speed up NMR spectroscopy.	2001 Jan	11133287
Increased stability of nucleophosmin/B23 in anti-apoptotic effect of ras during serum deprivation.	2001 Jan	11125022
Therapy of HPV 16-associated carcinoma with dendritic cell-based vaccines: in vitro priming of the effector cell responses by DC pulsed with tumour lysates and synthetic RAHYNIVTF peptide.	2001 Jan	11115616
Mechanism of release of urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein from the kidney GPI-anchored counterpart.	2001 Jan 12	11162486
Cryptosporidium infection in Bedouin infants assessed by prospective evaluation of anticryptosporidial antibodies and stool examination.	2001 Jan 15	11159166
Isolation and characterization of a new ribosome inactivating protein, momorgrosvin, from seeds of the monk's fruit Momordica grosvenorii.	2001 Jan 5	11205869
Hsp90 regulates p50(cdc37) function during the biogenesis of the activeconformation of the heme-regulated eIF2 alpha kinase.	2001 Jan 5	11036079
Enhancement of antitumor immune response in glioma models in mice by genetically modified dendritic cells pulsed with Semliki forest virus-mediated complementary DNA.	2001 Mar	11235953
Investigating the surface expression of the renal type IIa Na+/Pi-cotransporter in Xenopus laevis oocytes.	2001 Mar 1	11284206
T cell-dependent antitumor immunity mediated by secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine: augmentation of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy.	2001 Mar 1	11280767
XIAP regulates Akt activity and caspase-3-dependent cleavage during cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human ovarian epithelial cancer cells.	2001 Mar 1	11280739
Induction and clonal expansion of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from renal cell carcinoma patients after stimulation with autologous dendritic cells loaded with tumor cells.	2001 Mar 15	11275975
Evaluation of prototype transmembrane 4 superfamily protein complexes and their relation to lipid rafts.	2001 Mar 16	11113129
A simple method for midkine purification by affinity chromatography with a heavy chain variable domain (VH) fragment of antibody.	2001 Mar 28	11282403
Western blotting as a method for studying cell-biomaterial interactions: the role of protein collection.	2001 Mar 5	11189044
Isolation and characterization of senescence-induced cDNAs encoding deoxyhypusine synthase and eucaryotic translation initiation factor 5A from tomato.	2001 May 18	11278418
The heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase. A potential regulatory target for control of protein synthesis by diffusible gases.	2001 May 4	11278914

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Lysin is an essential amino-acid. The daily requirement for lysine is 38 mg/kg body weight. The most rich source of lysine is fish, beef, chicken.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

In the in vitro study of herpes simplex virus (HSV) growth in tissue culture, arginine deficiency suppressed HSV growth. Maximum herpes growth (as measured by plaques counting) was observed in flasks, containing 10-20 ug/ml of arginine. The addition of 50 ug/ml of lysine to the flasks containing 2.5 and 5.0 ug/ml of arginine reduced the number of viable plaque-forming units (PFU) from 3300 and 48800 to less than 10.

Name

Type

Language

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Official Name

English

L-LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

LYSINE, L-, MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

L-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]

Common Name

English

NSC-9253

Code

English

L-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]

Common Name

English

L-LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE [FCC]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HCL [INCI]

Common Name

English

Lysine hydrochloride [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HCL

Official Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

L-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USAN]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HCL, L-

Common Name

English

LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

CFR

21 CFR 310.537