LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE

US Previously Marketed

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C6H14N2O2.ClH
Molecular Weight	182.649
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

Cl.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N

InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2.ClH/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10;/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10);1H/t5-;/m0./s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	ClH
Molecular Weight	36.461
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	C6H14N2O2
Molecular Weight	146.1876
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Description
Sources: https://www.nap.edu/read/10490/chapter/12
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26252373

Lysing is an essential basic amino-acid encoded by codone AAA and AAG, and used in the biosynthesis of proteins. The daily requirement for lysine is 38 mg/kg body weight. The most rich source of lysine is fish, beef, chicken. In a clinical study lysine supplements was found to be an effective for reduction of occurrence, severity and healing time for recurrent HSV infection, however Cochrane Review concluded that the evidence is insufficient. Lysine was investigated for improving anxiety, ameliorating angina prectoris. Lysine acetylsalicylate has been used to treat pain and to detoxify the body after heroin use. Lysine clonixinate has been used for its analgesic properties for the treatment of migraine headaches and other painful conditions. However, limited clinical trials exist for these conditions.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Serotonin 4 (5-HT4) receptor 38 Target ID: CHEMBL1875 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28103616	Antagonist 2849
GABA-A receptor; anion channel 203 Target ID: CHEMBL2093872 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8587651	Agonist 2752

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Herpes simplex infection 28 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine has been studied for the prevention and treatment of herpes infections and cold sores.
Angina pectoris 110 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine supplements may relieve effort-related angina pectoris.
Osteoporosis 101 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine increases the intestinal absorption and reduces the renal elimination of calcium.
Anxiety 275 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine is believed to exert anxiolytic effects by acting as a partial serotonin receptor 4 antagonist and as a partial benzodiazepine agonist
Heroin dependence 10 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Palliative	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine acetylsalicylate has been used to detoxify the body after heroin use.
Patent ductus arteriosus 8 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/neoprofen.html	Primary	Approved 8583	NEOPROFEN Approved Use NeoProfen is indicated to close a clinically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants weighing between 500 and 1500 g, who are no more than 32 weeks gestational age when usual medical management (e.g., fluid restriction, diuretics, respiratory support, etc.) is ineffective. The clinical trial was conducted among infants with an asymptomatic PDA. However, the consequences beyond 8 weeks after treatment have not been evaluated; therefore, treatment should be reserved for infants with clear evidence of a clinically significant PDA. Launch Date 2006

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Antibodies to SOX13 (ICA12) are associated with type 1 diabetes.	2001	11264788
Protein profiling comes of age.	2001	11182890
Formation of 1,1'-iminodicarboxylic acid derivatives, 2,6-diketo-piperazine and dibenzodiazocine-2,6-dione by variations of multicomponent reactions.	2001 Apr	11233828
The fermentative production of L-lysine as an animal feed additive.	2001 Apr	11233822
Translational extracts active biologically in vitro obtained from eukaryotic monolayer cells: a versatile method for viral RNA studies.	2001 Apr	11226564
Peflin and ALG-2, members of the penta-EF-hand protein family, form a heterodimer that dissociates in a Ca2+-dependent manner.	2001 Apr 27	11278427
Isolation of the Escherichia coli nucleoid.	2001 Feb	11278063
Detection of early gene expression changes during activation of human primary lymphocytes by in vitro synthesis of proteins from polysome-associated mRNAs.	2001 Feb	11266628
Endotoxin, endotoxin-neutralizing-capacity, sCD14, sICAM-1, and cytokines in patients with various degrees of alcoholic liver disease.	2001 Feb	11236841
How does endotoxin trigger inflammation in otitis media with effusion?	2001 Feb	11210878
Combination of HPLC and solid-phase binding assay for isolation and purification of MHC class I and associated peptides using a bladder tumour cell line.	2001 Feb	11180296
Development of xylose-fermenting yeast Pichia stipitis for ethanol production through adaptation on hardwood hemicellulose acid prehydrolysate.	2001 Feb	11168723
Purification and structure elucidation of the N-acetylbacillosamine-containing polysaccharide from Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 9945.	2001 Feb	11168428
Affinity purification of Csk protein tyrosine kinase based on its catalytic requirement for divalent metal cations.	2001 Feb	11162381
Characterization of the lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia pestis.	2001 Feb	11162185
Rapid polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of a mutant form of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1.	2001 Feb	11160862
Increased L-arginine uptake and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in aortas of rats with heart failure.	2001 Feb	11158987
Improved sensitivity and specificity of enzyme immunoassays with P1-adhesin enriched antigen to detect acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.	2001 Feb 1	11166097
Identification of novel hypocholesterolemic peptides derived from bovine milk beta-lactoglobulin.	2001 Feb 16	11178953
Identification of the main ubiquitination site in human erythroid alpha-spectrin.	2001 Feb 2	11165260
Identification of a candidate integrin-fraction associated with the activated form of the PDGF-receptor.	2001 Feb 23	11181089
Purification and biophysical characterization of a minimal functional domain and of an N-terminal Zn2+-binding fragment from the human papillomavirus type 16 E6 protein.	2001 Feb 6	11170444
Influence of lysates of the salivary glands of Lutzomyia longipalpis on the development of a Leishmania-major-like parasite in the skin of the golden hamster.	2001 Jan	11235554
ESR detection of intraphagosomal superoxide in polymorphonuclear leukocytes using 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-l-pyrroline-N-oxide.	2001 Jan	11234998
A novel protein-RNA binding assay: functional interactions of the foot-and-mouth disease virus internal ribosome entry site with cellular proteins.	2001 Jan	11214173
Granulocyte markers in induced sputum in patients with respiratory disorders and healthy persons obtained by two sputum-processing methods.	2001 Jan	11207017
Inhibition of the nitrosothiol production of cultured osteoarthritic chondrocytes by rhein, cortisol and diclofenac.	2001 Jan	11178941
IL-1 beta- and IL-4-induced down-regulation of autotaxin mRNA and PC-1 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).	2001 Jan	11168012
Bone marrow endothelial cells secrete thymosin beta4 and AcSDKP.	2001 Jan	11164101
Interaction of poly(rC)-binding protein 2 with the 5'-terminal stem loop of the hepatitis C-virus genome.	2001 Jan	11163645
Purification, characterization and developmental expression of chick (Gallus domesticus) liver PSP protein.	2001 Jan	11163312
Continuous cell introduction for the analysis of individual cells by capillary electrophoresis.	2001 Jan 1	11195493
Mechanism of release of urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein from the kidney GPI-anchored counterpart.	2001 Jan 12	11162486
Cryptosporidium infection in Bedouin infants assessed by prospective evaluation of anticryptosporidial antibodies and stool examination.	2001 Jan 15	11159166
A single-chain variable region immunoglobulin library from the abomasal lymph node of sheep infected with the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus.	2001 Jan 26	11182152
Isolation and characterization of a new ribosome inactivating protein, momorgrosvin, from seeds of the monk's fruit Momordica grosvenorii.	2001 Jan 5	11205869
Panaxagin, a new protein from Chinese ginseng possesses anti-fungal, anti-viral, translation-inhibiting and ribonuclease activities.	2001 Jan 5	11205866
Purification of recombinant green fluorescent protein using chromatofocusing with a pH gradient composed of multiple stepwise fronts.	2001 Jan-Feb	11170493
Endogenous formation of protein adducts with carcinogenic aldehydes: implications for oxidative stress.	2001 Jun 29	11283024
Chemical and biological evaluation of endotoxin contamination on natural rubber latex products.	2001 Jun 5	11255197
Enhancement of antitumor immune response in glioma models in mice by genetically modified dendritic cells pulsed with Semliki forest virus-mediated complementary DNA.	2001 Mar	11235953
Mechanisms of photoreceptor cell death in cancer-associated retinopathy.	2001 Mar	11222531
Post-transcriptional effects of extracellular pH on tumour necrosis factor-alpha production in RAW 246.7 and J774 A.1 cells.	2001 Mar	11222111
XIAP regulates Akt activity and caspase-3-dependent cleavage during cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human ovarian epithelial cancer cells.	2001 Mar 1	11280739
Characterisation of L-tryptophan transporters in human placenta: a comparison of brush border and basal membrane vesicles.	2001 Mar 1	11230513
Quantitative analysis of specific mRNA species in minute cell samples by RT-PCR and flow cytometry.	2001 Mar 1	11226479
Inositol phosphates from barley low-phytate grain mutants analysed by metal-dye detection HPLC and NMR.	2001 Mar 1	11171128
Enhancement of tumor lysate- and peptide-pulsed dendritic cell-based vaccines by the addition of foreign helper protein.	2001 Mar 15	11289139
Western blotting as a method for studying cell-biomaterial interactions: the role of protein collection.	2001 Mar 5	11189044
Isolation and characterization of senescence-induced cDNAs encoding deoxyhypusine synthase and eucaryotic translation initiation factor 5A from tomato.	2001 May 18	11278418

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Lysin is an essential amino-acid. The daily requirement for lysine is 38 mg/kg body weight. The most rich source of lysine is fish, beef, chicken.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

In the in vitro study of herpes simplex virus (HSV) growth in tissue culture, arginine deficiency suppressed HSV growth. Maximum herpes growth (as measured by plaques counting) was observed in flasks, containing 10-20 ug/ml of arginine. The addition of 50 ug/ml of lysine to the flasks containing 2.5 and 5.0 ug/ml of arginine reduced the number of viable plaque-forming units (PFU) from 3300 and 48800 to less than 10.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:50:57 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:50:57 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	JNJ23Q2COM
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

LYSINE HCL

Preferred Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Official Name

English

L-LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

LYSINE, L-, MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

L-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]

Common Name

English

NSC-9253

Code

English

L-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]

Common Name

English

L-LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE [FCC]

Common Name

English

Lysine hydrochloride [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

L-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USAN]

Common Name

English

LYSINE HCL, L-

Common Name

English

LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Systematic Name

English

LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

CFR

21 CFR 310.537