POLYMYXIN B

US Approved OTC

First approved in 1951

Description
Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17878146

Polymyxin B is a lipopeptide antibiotic isolated from Bacillus polymyxa. Its basic structure consists of a polycationic peptide ring and a tripeptide side chain with a fatty acid tail. Polymyxin B is a mixture of at least four closely related components, polymyxin B1 to B4, with polymyxin B1 and B2 being the two major components. Polymyxin B acts on Gram-negative bacteria by interacting with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the outer membrane and destabilizing it. Polymyxin B is indicated for the treatment of many bacterial diseases such as meningeal infections, urinary tract infections and bacteremia.

CNS Activity

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle 6 Target ID: Q28824 Gene ID: 338037.0 Gene Symbol: MYLK Target Organism: Bos taurus (Bovine) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847132	Inhibitor 8297	70.0 µM [IC50]
Protein kinase C (Bos taurus) 2 Target ID: Protein kinase C (Bos taurus) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847132	Inhibitor 8297	4.0 µM [IC50]
Na,K-ATPase (rat) 2 Target ID: Na,K-ATPase (rat) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847132	Inhibitor 8297	800.0 µM [IC50]
Gram-negative-bacterium-type cell outer membrane assembly 2 Target ID: GO:0043165 Sources: http://watcut.uwaterloo.ca/webnotes/Pharmacology/microbesBacterialMembranes.html	Binding Agent 1064

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Acute Infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/060716Orig1s020Lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8429	POLYMYXIN B SULFATE Approved Use Acute infections caused by susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Launch Date 1964
Meningeal infections due to H influenzae 2 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/060716Orig1s020Lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8429	POLYMYXIN B SULFATE Approved Use Acute infections caused by susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Launch Date 1964
Urinary tract infections, E.coli 2 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/060716Orig1s020Lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8429	POLYMYXIN B SULFATE Approved Use Acute infections caused by susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Launch Date 1964
Sepsis 71 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/060716Orig1s020Lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8429	POLYMYXIN B SULFATE Approved Use Acute infections caused by susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Launch Date 1964

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
COMPARISON OF THE ACTION OF STREPTOMYCIN, POLYMYXIN B, AUREOMYCIN AND CHLOROMYCETIN ON H. PERTUSSIS, H. PARAPERTUSSIS, H. INFLUENZAE AND FIVE ENTERIC STRAINS OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI.	1949 Sep	16695754
CHEMICAL STUDIES ON POLYMYXIN B.	1949 Sep	16695739
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous polymyxin B in critically ill patients.	2008 Nov 15	18840079
Polymyxin B Nephrotoxicity: From Organ to Cell Damage.	2016	27532263
Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion in septic patients: analysis of a multicenter registry.	2016 Dec	27502196

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

15,000 to 25,000 units/kg body weight/day

Route of Administration: Intravenous

In Vitro Use Guide

Polymyxin B MICs were determined for different strains of P. aeruginosa in Ca-MHB using a broth macrodilution method. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of drug that resulted in no visible growth after 24 h of incubation at 35°C in ambient air. The polymyxin B MIC ranged from 0.5 to 1 mg/liter.

Name

Type

Language

POLYMYXIN B

Official Name

English

POLYMYXIN B [VANDF]

Common Name

English

polymyxin b [INN]

Common Name

English

Polymyxin b [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

POLYMYXIN B [MI]

Common Name

English

POLYSPORIN COMPONENT POLYMYXIN B

Brand Name

English

POLYMIXIN B

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NDF-RT

N0000007822