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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C23H16O6.C17H20N4S
Molecular Weight 700.802
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of OLANZAPINE PAMOATE ANHYDROUS

SMILES

CN1CCN(CC1)C2=NC3=CC=CC=C3NC4=C2C=C(C)S4.OC(=O)C5=CC6=C(C=CC=C6)C(CC7=C8C=CC=CC8=CC(C(O)=O)=C7O)=C5O

InChI

InChIKey=IUDQMMSLVSVGDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C23H16O6.C17H20N4S/c24-20-16(14-7-3-1-5-12(14)9-18(20)22(26)27)11-17-15-8-4-2-6-13(15)10-19(21(17)25)23(28)29;1-12-11-13-16(21-9-7-20(2)8-10-21)18-14-5-3-4-6-15(14)19-17(13)22-12/h1-10,24-25H,11H2,(H,26,27)(H,28,29);3-6,11,19H,7-10H2,1-2H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including http://www.priory.com/focus3.htm

Olanzapine is a novel antipsychotic agent marketed by Lilly & Co. It has a pleotrophic pharmacology and affects dopaminergic, serotonergic, muscarinic and adrenergic activities. Olanzapine is used to treat the symptoms of psychotic conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (manic depression) in adults and children who are at least 13 years old. Olanzapine is sometimes used together with other antipsychotic medications or antidepressants. The mechanism of action of olanzapine, as with other drugs having efficacy in schizophrenia, is unknown. However, it has been proposed that this drug’s efficacy in schizophrenia is mediated through a combination of dopamine and serotonin type 2 (5HT2) antagonism. The mechanism of action of olanzapine in the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder is unknown. Olanzapine treatment led to rapid phosphorylation of kinases from all three pathways in PC12 cells. Phosphorylation of Akt was blocked with selective inhibitors (wortmannin and LY294002), which implicates phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in the signaling cascade. Short-term mitogenic effects of olanzapine were abolished with a selective inhibitor of Akt, but not by inhibition of the ERK pathway. Olanzapine is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system; principally by isozyme 1A2 and to a lesser extent by 2D6. By these mechanisms more than 40% of the oral dose, on average, is removed by the hepatic first-pass effect. Drugs or agents that increase the activity of CYP1A2, notably tobacco smoke, may significantly increase hepatic first-pass clearance of Olanzapine; conversely, drugs which inhibit 1A2 activity (examples: Ciprofloxacin, Fluvoxamine) may reduce Olanzapine clearance. The most common side effects appear to be somnolence and weight gain. About 11% of patients gain weight -especially if on a high starting dose and if they were underweight pre-treatment. Sexual dysfunction is a problem for many patients, although sexual dysfunction in schizophrneia does not appear to be primarily attributable to drugs.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
ZYPREXA

Approved Use

Olanzapine orally disintegrating tablets, USP are atypical antipsychotic indicated: As oral formulation for the: Treatment of schizophrenia. (1.1) Adults: Efficacy was established in three clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia: two 6-week trials and one maintenance trial. (14.1) Adolescents (ages 13 to 17): Efficacy was established in one 6-week trial in patients with schizophrenia (14.1). The increased potential (in adolescents compared with adults) for weight gain and dyslipidemia may lead clinicians to consider prescribing other drugs first in adolescents. (1.1) Acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder and maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder. (1.2) Adults: Efficacy was established in three clinical trials in patients with manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder: two 3- to 4-week trials and one maintenance trial. (14.2) Adolescents (ages 13 to 17): Efficacy was established in one 3-week trial in patients with manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder (14.2). The increased potential (in adolescents compared with adults) for weight gain and dyslipidemia may lead clinicians to consider prescribing other drugs first in adolescents. (1.2) Medication therapy for pediatric patients with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder should be undertaken only after a thorough diagnostic evaluation and with careful consideration of the potential risks. (1.3) Adjunct to valproate or lithium in the treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. (1.2) Efficacy was established in two 6-week clinical trials in adults (14.2). Maintenance efficacy has not been systematically evaluated. As O lanzapine Orally Disintegrating Tablets, USP and Fluoxetine in Combination for the: Treatment of depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. (1.5) Efficacy was established with Symbyax* (olanzapine and fluoxetine in combination); refer to the product label for Symbyax*. 1.1 Schizophrenia Olanzapine orally disintegrating tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia. Efficacy was established in three clinical trials in adult patients with schizophrenia: two 6-week trials and one maintenance trial. In adolescent patients with schizophrenia (ages 13 to 17), efficacy was established in one 6-week trial [see Clinical Studies (14.1)

Launch Date

1996
Primary
ZYPREXA

Approved Use

Olanzapine orally disintegrating tablets, USP are atypical antipsychotic indicated: As oral formulation for the: Treatment of schizophrenia. (1.1) Adults: Efficacy was established in three clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia: two 6-week trials and one maintenance trial. (14.1) Adolescents (ages 13 to 17): Efficacy was established in one 6-week trial in patients with schizophrenia (14.1). The increased potential (in adolescents compared with adults) for weight gain and dyslipidemia may lead clinicians to consider prescribing other drugs first in adolescents. (1.1) Acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder and maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder. (1.2) Adults: Efficacy was established in three clinical trials in patients with manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder: two 3- to 4-week trials and one maintenance trial. (14.2) Adolescents (ages 13 to 17): Efficacy was established in one 3-week trial in patients with manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder (14.2). The increased potential (in adolescents compared with adults) for weight gain and dyslipidemia may lead clinicians to consider prescribing other drugs first in adolescents. (1.2) Medication therapy for pediatric patients with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder should be undertaken only after a thorough diagnostic evaluation and with careful consideration of the potential risks. (1.3) Adjunct to valproate or lithium in the treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. (1.2) Efficacy was established in two 6-week clinical trials in adults (14.2). Maintenance efficacy has not been systematically evaluated. As O lanzapine Orally Disintegrating Tablets, USP and Fluoxetine in Combination for the: Treatment of depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. (1.5) Efficacy was established with Symbyax* (olanzapine and fluoxetine in combination); refer to the product label for Symbyax*. 1.1 Schizophrenia Olanzapine orally disintegrating tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia. Efficacy was established in three clinical trials in adult patients with schizophrenia: two 6-week trials and one maintenance trial. In adolescent patients with schizophrenia (ages 13 to 17), efficacy was established in one 6-week trial [see Clinical Studies (14.1)

Launch Date

1996
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
17.3 ng/mL
10 mg single, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
OLANZAPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
712 ng × h/mL
10 mg single, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
OLANZAPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
28.7 h
10 mg single, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
OLANZAPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
10 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 20 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: paranoid schizophrenia
Age Group: 20 years
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Disc. AE: Rhabdomyolysis...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Rhabdomyolysis (1 patient)
Sources:
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 83 years (range: 61-97 years)
n = 65
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: psychiatric symptoms
Age Group: 83 years (range: 61-97 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 65
Sources:
Disc. AE: Accidental injury, Somnolence...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Accidental injury (1%)
Somnolence (3%)
Sources:
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 67
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 67
Sources:
Other AEs: Drowsiness, Slurred speech...
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 200
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: schizophrenia |schizoaffective disorder
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 200
Sources:
Other AEs: Dizziness...
2 g single, oral
Overdose
unhealthy, adult
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 1
Sources:
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
Disc. AE: Weight gain...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Weight gain (0.2%)
Sources:
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, old
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: DEMENTIA-RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Age Group: old
Sources:
Other AEs: Adverse event...
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Rhabdomyolysis 1 patient
Disc. AE
10 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 20 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: paranoid schizophrenia
Age Group: 20 years
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Accidental injury 1%
Disc. AE
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 83 years (range: 61-97 years)
n = 65
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: psychiatric symptoms
Age Group: 83 years (range: 61-97 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 65
Sources:
Somnolence 3%
Disc. AE
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 83 years (range: 61-97 years)
n = 65
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: psychiatric symptoms
Age Group: 83 years (range: 61-97 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 65
Sources:
Drowsiness
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 67
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 67
Sources:
Slurred speech
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 67
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Population Size: 67
Sources:
Dizziness 6.6%
40 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 40 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 200
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: schizophrenia |schizoaffective disorder
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 200
Sources:
Weight gain 0.2%
Disc. AE
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
Adverse event grade 5
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, old
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: DEMENTIA-RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Age Group: old
Sources:
OverviewDrug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
moderate [Ki 36 uM]
moderate [Ki 491 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: olanzapine has no effect on diazepam or N-desmethyldiazepam
Page: 310.0
moderate [Ki 715 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: olanzapine has no effect on warfarin
Page: 310.0
moderate [Ki 89 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: olanzapine has no effect on imiprazine
Page: 310.0
moderate [Ki 920 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: olanzapine has no effect on diazepam or N-desmethyldiazepam
Page: 310.0
weak [IC50 54.57 uM]
yes [IC50 1.06 uM]
yes
Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
no
no
no
weak
weak (co-administration study)
Comment: in vivo; imiprazine increases olanzapine exposure by 19%
Page: 308.0
yes [Ki >1000 uM]
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes (co-administration study)
Comment: carbamazepine increases olanzapine clearance by 50%; fluoxetine increased olanzapine Cmax and AUC; omeprazole and rifampin may increase olanzapine clearance
Page: 19, 20
Tox targets

Tox targets

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
In vivo determination of striatal dopamine D2 receptor occupancy in patients treated with olanzapine.
1999 Apr 26
Preferential inhibition of dizocilpine-induced hyperlocomotion by olanzapine.
1999 Feb 26
Interaction between olanzapine and haloperidol.
1999 Jun
Olanzapine-induced obsessive-compulsive disorder.
1999 May
Worsening of motor features of parkinsonism with olanzapine.
1999 Nov
Hypomania-like syndrome induced by olanzapine.
1999 Nov
Periodic leg movements in sleep and restless legs syndrome probably caused by olanzapine.
1999 Oct
Brain SPECT imaging in Huntington's disease before and after therapy with olanzapine. Case report.
1999 Sep
Use of olanzapine in hereditary coproporphyria.
1999 Sep-Oct
D2 receptor occupancy under recommended and high doses of olanzapine: an iodine-123-iodobenzamide SPECT study.
2000
Esotropia associated with olanzapine.
2000 Aug
[Psychotic syndrome after withdrawal of cyproheptadine: remission with olanzapine].
2000 Jul-Aug
Subjective experience and striatal dopamine D(2) receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia stabilized by olanzapine or risperidone.
2000 Jun
Adverse effects of high-dose olanzapine in treatment-refractory schizophrenia.
2000 Jun
Serotonin and dopamine antagonism in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effect of atypical antipsychotic drugs.
2000 Nov
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with olanzapine therapy: a case report.
2000 Nov
A naturalistic comparison of clozapine, risperidone, and olanzapine in the treatment of bipolar disorder.
2000 Sep
Olanzapine and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.
2000 Sep
Superior efficacy of olanzapine over haloperidol: analysis of patients with schizophrenia from a multicenter international trial.
2001
Weight change and atypical antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia.
2001
An efficacy analysis of olanzapine treatment data in schizophrenia patients with catatonic signs and symptoms.
2001
Antipsychotic medications and the elderly: effects on cognition and implications for use.
2001
Olanzapine: an updated review of its use in the management of schizophrenia.
2001
Treatment of psychogenic polydipsia: comparison of risperidone and olanzapine, and the effects of an adjunctive angiotensin-II receptor blocking drug (irbesartan).
2001 Feb
Tolerability and effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics in male geriatric inpatients.
2001 Feb
New onset diabetes and atypical antipsychotics.
2001 Feb
Supersensitivity psychosis in patients with schizophrenia after sudden olanzapine withdrawal.
2001 Feb
Olanzapine and hypertriglyceridemia.
2001 Feb
Screening for detection of new antidepressants, neuroleptics, hypnotics, and their metabolites in urine by GC-MS developed using rat liver microsomes.
2001 Feb
Effects of newer atypical antipsychotics on autonomic neurocardiac function: a comparison between amisulpride, olanzapine, sertindole, and clozapine.
2001 Feb
Olanzapine plasma concentrations and clinical response: acute phase results of the North American Olanzapine Trial.
2001 Feb
Repeated episodes of hypothermia in a subject treated with haloperidol, levomepromazine, olanzapine, and thioridazine.
2001 Feb
Atypical antipsychotics and cardiovascular risk in schizophrenic patients.
2001 Feb
Traditional and new antipsychotic drugs differentially alter neurotransmission markers in basal ganglia-thalamocortical neural pathways.
2001 Feb
Bodyweight gain with atypical antipsychotics. A comparative review.
2001 Jan
Olanzapine-induced leukopenia with human leukocyte antigen profiling.
2001 Jan
Effect of chronic olanzapine treatment on striatal synaptic organization.
2001 Jan
Consistency of atypical antipsychotic superiority to placebo in recent clinical trials.
2001 Jan 1
[Olanzapine and pregnancy].
2001 Jan 21
Antipsychotic drugs classified by their effects on the release of dopamine and noradrenaline in the prefrontal cortex and striatum.
2001 Jan 26
Olanzapine-lnduced hyperglycemic nonketonic coma.
2001 Mar
5-HT(2A) and D(2) receptor blockade increases cortical DA release via 5-HT(1A) receptor activation: a possible mechanism of atypical antipsychotic-induced cortical dopamine release.
2001 Mar
Low blood glucose and olanzapine.
2001 Mar
Does fast dissociation from the dopamine d(2) receptor explain the action of atypical antipsychotics?: A new hypothesis.
2001 Mar
Electrooxidation potential as a tool in the early screening for new safer clozapine-like analogues.
2001 Mar 1
Quantitative determination of olanzapine in rat brain tissue by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
2001 Mar 5
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Schizophrenia: Adults: Oral olanzapine should be administered on a once-a-day schedule without regard to meals, generally beginning with 5 to 10 mg initially, with a target dose of 10 mg/day within several days. Further dosage adjustments, if indicated, should generally occur at intervals of not less than 1 week, since steady state for olanzapine would not be achieved for approximately 1 week in the typical patient. Adolescents: Oral olanzapine should be administered on a once-a-day schedule without regard to meals with a recommended starting dose of 2.5 or 5 mg, with a target dose of 10 mg/day. Efficacy in adolescents with schizophrenia was demonstrated based on a flexible dose range of 2.5 to 20 mg/day in clinical trials, with a mean modal dose of 12.5 mg/day (mean dose of 11.1 mg/day). Bipolar I Disorder (Manic or Mixed Episodes): Adults: Oral olanzapine should be administered on a once-a-day schedule without regard to meals, generally beginning with 10 or 15 mg. Dosage adjustments, if indicated, should generally occur at intervals of not less than 24 hours, reflecting the procedures in the placebo-controlled trials. Adolescents: Oral olanzapine should be administered on a once-a-day schedule without regard to meals with a recommended starting dose of 2.5 or 5 mg, with a target dose of 10 mg/day. Efficacy in adolescents with bipolar I disorder (manic or mixed episodes) was demonstrated based on a flexible dose range of 2.5 to 20 mg/day in clinical trials, with a mean modal dose of 10.7 mg/day (mean dose of 8.9 mg/day). IntraMuscular: Agitation Associated with Schizophrenia and Bipolar I Mania: The efficacy of intramuscular olanzapine for injection in controlling agitation in these disorders was demonstrated in a dose range of 2.5 mg to 10 mg.
Route of Administration: Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Molecular mechanisms of the neuroprotection by olanzapine were explored, specifically the activation of various protein kinase signaling pathways including Akt/protein kinase B (PKB), extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK), ERK1/2, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38. Olanzapine treatment led to rapid phosphorylation of kinases from all three pathways in PC12 cells. Phosphorylation of Akt was blocked with selective inhibitors (wortmannin and LY294002), which implicates phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in the signaling cascade. Short-term mitogenic effects of olanzapine were abolished with a selective inhibitor of Akt, but not by inhibition of the ERK pathway.
Unknown
Name Type Language
OLANZAPINE PAMOATE ANHYDROUS
Common Name English
2-NAPHTHALENECARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,4'-METHYLENEBIS(3-HYDROXY-, COMPD. WITH 2-METHYL-4-(4-METHYL-1-PIPERAZINYL)-10H-THIENO(2,3-B)(1,5)BENZODIAZEPINE (1:1)
Common Name English
OLANZAPINE EMBONATE
Common Name English
OLANZAPINE (AS EMBONATE)
Common Name English
2-METHYL-4-(4-METHYL-1-PIPERAZINYL)-10H-THIENO(2,3-B)(1,5)BENZODIAZEPINE EMBONATE
Common Name English
Code System Code Type Description
SMS_ID
100000124353
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB32279
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
H6S0L674WD
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
221373-09-7
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
135566052
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:01:12 GMT 2023
PRIMARY