DEQUALINIUM

Possibly Marketed Outside US

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C30H40N4
Molecular Weight	456.6654
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	2

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CC1=CC(N)=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]1CCCCCCCCCC[N+]3=C4C=CC=CC4=C(N)C=C3C

InChI

InChIKey=PCSWXVJAIHCTMO-UHFFFAOYSA-P

InChI=1S/C30H38N4/c1-23-21-27(31)25-15-9-11-17-29(25)33(23)19-13-7-5-3-4-6-8-14-20-34-24(2)22-28(32)26-16-10-12-18-30(26)34/h9-12,15-18,21-22,31-32H,3-8,13-14,19-20H2,1-2H3/p+2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/uk/fluomizin-10-mg-vaginal-tablets-leaflet.html
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including: http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800041300 | http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/mouth-and-teeth/a6534/dequadin-lozenges-dequalinium/ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dequalinium

Dequalinium is a quaternary ammonium cation commonly available as the dichloride salt. Dequalinium chloride has an antiseptic effect against a wide range of bacteria, yeasts, and some fungi and viruses. It kills the micro-organisms associated with various mild infections of the mouth and throat. Also, Dequalinium chloride is active against the bacteria which cause bacterial vaginosis. Dequalinium Chloride (DECA) is a PKC inhibitor and high-affinity blocker CNGA1 channel, and nearly as effective on heteromeric CNGA1+CNGB1 channels. Common side effects are: vaginal discharge; vaginal itching or vaginal burning; vaginal yeast infection (thrush); tender tongue.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
cGMP-gated cation channel alpha-1 4 Target ID: P29973 Gene ID: 1259.0 Gene Symbol: CNGA1 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12508052	Blocker 555
heteromeric CNGA1+CNGB1 channels 4 Target ID: heteromeric CNGA1+CNGB1 channels Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12508052	Blocker 555
Protein kinase C alpha 21 Target ID: CHEMBL299 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442087	Inhibitor 8504	11.5 µM [Ki]
Protein kinase C beta 22 Target ID: CHEMBL3045 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442087	Inhibitor 8504	14.0 µM [IC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Bacterial vaginosis 10 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/uk/fluomizin-10-mg-vaginal-tablets-leaflet.html http://adisinsight.springer.com/trials/700249655	Curative	Approved 8583	Fluomizin Approved Use Dequalinium chloride has an antiseptic effect against a wide range of bacteria, yeasts, and some fungi and viruses. Dequalinium chloride is active against the bacteria which cause bacterial vaginosis.
Oral thrush 5 Sources: http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/mouth-and-teeth/a6534/dequadin-lozenges-dequalinium/	Curative	Approved 8583	Dequadin lozenges Approved Use Dequalinium chloride has an antiseptic effect against a wide range of bacteria, yeasts, and some fungi and viruses. It kills the micro-organisms associated with various mild infections of the mouth and throat.
Aphthous ulcers 10 Sources: http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/mouth-and-teeth/a6534/dequadin-lozenges-dequalinium/	Curative	Approved 8583	Dequadin lozenges Approved Use Anginova is used for the local treatment of acute inflammatory diseases in the mouth and throat area such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, thrush, aphthous ulcers, etc. and as an adjuvant medication for angina.
Sore throat 18 Sources: http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/mouth-and-teeth/a6534/dequadin-lozenges-dequalinium/	Curative	Approved 8583	Dequadin lozenges Approved Use Anginova is used for the local treatment of acute inflammatory diseases in the mouth and throat area such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, thrush, aphthous ulcers, etc. and as an adjuvant medication for angina

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Block of rat brain recombinant SK channels by tricyclic antidepressants and related compounds.	2000 Jul 28	10915830
Pharmacological characterization of small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels stably expressed in HEK 293 cells.	2000 Mar	10696100
DQAsome/DNA complexes release DNA upon contact with isolated mouse liver mitochondria.	2001 Aug 10	11489326
Structural mechanisms of QacR induction and multidrug recognition.	2001 Dec 7	11739955
Cationic bolasomes with delocalized charge centers as mitochondria-specific DNA delivery systems.	2001 Jul 2	11377808
Structure and design of polymeric surfactant-based drug delivery systems.	2001 Jun 15	11516494
Determination for micro amounts of nucleic acids by a resonance light scattering technique with dequalinium chloride.	2001 Oct 31	18968413
Characterisation of [(125)I]-apamin binding sites in rat brain membranes with HE293 cells transfected with SK channel subtypes.	2001 Sep	11522325
Local treatment of vaginal infections of varying etiology with dequalinium chloride or povidone iodine. A randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, multicentric clinical study.	2002	12404887
Antimicrobial activity of dequalinium chloride against leading germs of vaginal infections.	2002	12404886
Involvement of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels in the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by dipyrone.	2002 May 24	12191581
Voltage-gated potassium ion channels in colon cancer.	2002 Sep-Oct	12168055
Small-conductance calcium-activated K+ channels are expressed in pancreatic islets and regulate glucose responses.	2003 Aug	12882916
Gelsolin suppresses tumorigenicity through inhibiting PKC activation in a human lung cancer cell line, PC10.	2003 Feb 24	12592377
Dequalinium: a novel, high-affinity blocker of CNGA1 channels.	2003 Jan	12508052
Activity of potassium channel-blockers in breast cancer.	2003 Jul-Aug	12926074
Cloning and expression of a small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel from the mouse cochlea: coexpression with alpha9/alpha10 acetylcholine receptors.	2004 Apr	14657188
Additive antinociceptive effect of the combination of diazoxide, an activator of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, and sodium nitroprusside and dibutyryl-cGMP.	2004 Apr 5	15063156
The influence of hypotonicity on large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.	2004 Dec	15684815
The receptor for activated C-kinase-I (RACK-I) anchors activated PKC-beta on melanosomes.	2004 Jul 15	15252133
Type IVB piliated Salmonella typhi enhance IL-6 and NF-kappaB production in human monocytic THP-1 cells through activation of protein kinase C.	2005	16164036
Tetraethylammonium exacerbates ischemic neuronal injury in rat cerebrocortical slice cultures.	2005 Jan 31	15680257
Flow injection spectrofluorimetric study of the supramolecular interaction between beta-cyclodextrin and dequalinium chloride and its analytical application.	2005 Jul	15911412
Essential roles of Homer-1a in homeostatic regulation of pyramidal cell excitability: a possible link to clinical benefits of electroconvulsive shock.	2005 Jun	16026461
Pharmacology of acetylcholine-mediated cell signaling in the lateral line organ following efferent stimulation.	2005 May	15615825
Induction of petite mutants in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the anticancer drug dequalinium.	2005 May 2	15790492
Effects of the antitumoural dequalinium on NB4 and K562 human leukemia cell lines. Mitochondrial implication in cell death.	2005 Oct	15893819
[Treatment of urogenital infections in lower part of the genital organs in pregnant women which are at risk of miscarriage].	2006 Apr-May	17100185
Mechanisms of relaxing response induced by rat/mouse hemokinin-1 in porcine coronary arteries: roles of potassium ion and nitric oxide.	2007 Aug 13	17560993
Medication administered to children from 0 to 7.5 years in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).	2007 Feb	17200835
Dequalinium induces cell death in human leukemia cells by early mitochondrial alterations which enhance ROS production.	2007 Jul	17250890
Involvement of chloride channel coupled GABA(C) receptors in the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by GABA(C) receptor agonist cis-4-aminocrotonic acid.	2007 Mar 13	17316706
Synthesis, antifungal and haemolytic activity of a series of bis(pyridinium)alkanes.	2007 May 15	17383187
Potassium channel openers accelerate epidermal barrier recovery.	2007 Nov	17916210
G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channel 1 (GIRK1) Knockdown Decreases Beta-Adrenergic, MAP Kinase and Akt Signaling in the MDA-MB-453 Breast Cancer Cell Line.	2008	21655370
[Diagnosis and treatment of infectious pharyngeal inflammation].	2008	19008844
ETS-1 and ETS-2 are upregulated in a transgenic mouse model of pigmented ocular neoplasm.	2008	18958307
Apical SK potassium channels and Ca2+-dependent anion secretion in endometrial epithelial cells.	2008 Feb 1	18048454
Bis-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives: AG525E1, a new step in the search for non-quaternary non-peptidic small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel blockers.	2008 Jun 1	18436444
Determination of antibacterial quaternary ammonium compound in lozenges and human serum by resonance light scattering technique.	2008 Nov 4	18585882
Involvement of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels in the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist xylazine.	2009 Dec	20019444
Effect of dequalinium on the oxidative stress in Plasmodium berghei-infected erythrocytes.	2009 Jun	19205739
Identification of antifungal compounds active against Candida albicans using an improved high-throughput Caenorhabditis elegans assay.	2009 Sep 14	19750012
Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein disruption confers resistance to malarial infection in mice.	2010 Apr 19	20403155
[The treatment of MRSA colonized middle ear; case report and literature review].	2010 Jul	20617476
Cell-based and cytokine-directed chemical screen to identify potential anti-multiple myeloma agents.	2010 Jul	20116850
Identification of a κ-opioid agonist as a potent and selective lead for drug development against human African trypanosomiasis.	2010 Nov 15	20696141
Selective targeting of neuroblastoma tumour-initiating cells by compounds identified in stem cell-based small molecule screens.	2010 Sep	20721990
Metabolic oxidative stress elicited by the copper(II) complex [Cu(isaepy)2] triggers apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells through the induction of the AMP-activated protein kinase/p38MAPK/p53 signalling axis: evidence for a combined use with 3-bromopyruvate in neuroblastoma treatment.	2011 Aug 1	21548882
Profiling of a prescription drug library for potential renal drug-drug interactions mediated by the organic cation transporter 2.	2011 Jul 14	21599003

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

1 vaginal tablet (10 mg) daily for 6 days

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

multidrug-resistant lines were less sensitive than parental cell lines to the intrinsic growth inhibitory effects of dequalinium (IC50, 4.4 versus 0.3 microM in multidrug-resistant and sensitive P388 cells, respectively).

Name

Type

Language

DEQUALINIUM

Common Name

English

DEQUALINIUM CATION

Preferred Name

English

1,1'-DECAMETHYLENEBIS(4-AMINOQUINALDINIUM)

Systematic Name

English

Dequalinium [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-ATC

D08AH01