U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS
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Details

Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula C16H16ClNO2S
Molecular Weight 321.822
Optical Activity ( + )
Defined Stereocenters 1 / 1
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of CLOPIDOGREL

SMILES

COC(=O)[C@@H](N1CCC2=C(C1)C=CS2)C3=CC=CC=C3Cl

InChI

InChIKey=GKTWGGQPFAXNFI-HNNXBMFYSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H16ClNO2S/c1-20-16(19)15(12-4-2-3-5-13(12)17)18-8-6-14-11(10-18)7-9-21-14/h2-5,7,9,15H,6,8,10H2,1H3/t15-/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Clopidogrel, an antiplatelet agent structurally and pharmacologically similar to ticlopidine, is used to inhibit blood clots in a variety of conditions such as peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Clopidogrel is sold under the name Plavix by Sanofi and Bristol-Myers Squibb. Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) is an inhibitor of ADP-induced platelet aggregation acting by direct inhibition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) binding to its receptor and of the subsequent ADPmediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex. Clopidogrel must be metabolized by CYP450 enzymes to produce the active metabolite that inhibits platelet aggregation. The active metabolite of clopidogrel selectively inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet P2Y12 receptor and the subsequent ADPmediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. This action is irreversible. Consequently, platelets exposed to clopidogrel’s active metabolite are affected for the remainder of their lifespan (about 7 to 10 days). Platelet aggregation induced by agonists other than ADP is also inhibited by blocking the amplification of platelet activation by released ADP. Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) is indicated for the reduction of atherothrombotic events.

Approval Year

TargetsConditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
PLAVIX

Approved Use

Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) is indicated for the reduction of atherothrombotic events as follows: • Recent MI, Recent Stroke or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease For patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI), recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease, Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined endpoint of new ischemic stroke (fatal or not), new MI (fatal or not), and other vascular death. • Acute Coronary Syndrome -For patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina/nonQ-wave MI) including patients who are to be managed medically and those who are to be managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (with or without stent) or CABG, Plavix has been shown to decrease the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke as well as the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, or refractory ischemia. Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) is indicated for the reduction of atherothrombotic events as follows: • Recent MI, Recent Stroke or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease For patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI), recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease, Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined endpoint of new ischemic stroke (fatal or not), new MI (fatal or not), and other vascular death. • Acute Coronary Syndrome -For patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina/nonQ-wave MI) including patients who are to be managed medically and those who are to be managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (with or without stent) or CABG, Plavix has been shown to decrease the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke as well as the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, or refractory ischemia.

Launch Date

1997
Primary
PLAVIX

Approved Use

Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) is indicated for the reduction of atherothrombotic events as follows: • Recent MI, Recent Stroke or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease For patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI), recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease, Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined endpoint of new ischemic stroke (fatal or not), new MI (fatal or not), and other vascular death. • Acute Coronary Syndrome -For patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina/nonQ-wave MI) including patients who are to be managed medically and those who are to be managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (with or without stent) or CABG, Plavix has been shown to decrease the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke as well as the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, or refractory ischemia.

Launch Date

1997
Primary
PLAVIX

Approved Use

Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) is indicated for the reduction of atherothrombotic events as follows: • Recent MI, Recent Stroke or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease For patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI), recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease, Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined endpoint of new ischemic stroke (fatal or not), new MI (fatal or not), and other vascular death. • Acute Coronary Syndrome -For patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina/nonQ-wave MI) including patients who are to be managed medically and those who are to be managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (with or without stent) or CABG, Plavix has been shown to decrease the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke as well as the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, or refractory ischemia.

Launch Date

1997
Preventing
PLAVIX

Approved Use

Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) is indicated for the reduction of atherothrombotic events as follows: • Recent MI, Recent Stroke or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease For patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI), recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease, Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined endpoint of new ischemic stroke (fatal or not), new MI (fatal or not), and other vascular death. • Acute Coronary Syndrome -For patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina/nonQ-wave MI) including patients who are to be managed medically and those who are to be managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (with or without stent) or CABG, Plavix has been shown to decrease the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke as well as the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, or refractory ischemia.

Launch Date

1997
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
0.521 ng/mL
75 mg single, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: oral
experiment type: single
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: healthy
age:
sex:
food status:
15800 pg/mL
300 mg single, oral
dose: 300 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
4600 pg/mL
300 mg single, oral
dose: 300 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
2520 pg/mL
75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
1500 pg/mL
75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1.09 ng*h/mL
75 mg single, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: oral
experiment type: single
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: healthy
age:
sex:
food status:
0.767 ng*h/mL
75 mg single, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: oral
experiment type: single
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: healthy
age:
sex:
food status:
50600 pg × h/mL
300 mg single, oral
dose: 300 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
9890 pg × h/mL
300 mg single, oral
dose: 300 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
7440 pg × h/mL
75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
3130 pg × h/mL
75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
5.4 h
300 mg single, oral
dose: 300 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
7.9 h
300 mg single, oral
dose: 300 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
7.4 h
75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
8.5 h
75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 75 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2%
unknown, unknown
CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: UNKNOWN
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
healthy, 20-45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 20-45 years
Sex: M
Sources:
Other AEs: Uric acid abnormal...
Other AEs:
Uric acid abnormal (5 patients)
Sources:
1650 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1650 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1650 mg
Sources:
unknown, 49 years
Health Status: unknown
Age Group: 49 years
Sex: M
Sources:
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 59 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 59 years
Sex: F
Sources:
Disc. AE: Transaminases increased, Fever...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Transaminases increased (1 patient)
Fever (1 patient)
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Uric acid abnormal 5 patients
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
healthy, 20-45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 20-45 years
Sex: M
Sources:
Fever 1 patient
Disc. AE
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 59 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 59 years
Sex: F
Sources:
Transaminases increased 1 patient
Disc. AE
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, 59 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 59 years
Sex: F
Sources:
OverviewDrug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
weak
weak
yes [IC50 0.307 uM]
yes [IC50 6.25 uM]
yes [Ki 28 uM]
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
likely
likely
likely
no
no
no
no
no
no
yes [Km 181 uM]
yes [Km 19 uM]
yes [Km 20.9 uM]
yes [Km 5.61 uM]
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Management practices in carotid stenting.
2001
The use of antiplatelet agents in acute cardiac care.
2001 Apr
Clinical application of procedural platelet monitoring during percutaneous coronary intervention among patients at increased bleeding risk.
2001 Apr
Aspirin in patients with coronary artery disease: is it simply irresistible?
2001 Apr
Clinical and angiographical follow-up after implantation of a 6--12 microCi radioactive stent in patients with coronary artery disease.
2001 Apr
Ultrasound guided percutaneous thrombin injection of iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms after coronary angiography and intervention.
2001 Apr
Radiation-induced glomerular thrombus formation and nephropathy are not prevented by the ADP receptor antagonist clopidogrel.
2001 Aug 1
Newer antiplatelet therapies in stroke prevention.
2001 Feb
Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke.
2001 Feb
[Update on the treatment with platelet antiaggregation agents].
2001 Jan
Effect of a high loading dose of clopidogrel on platelet function in patients undergoing coronary stent placement.
2001 Jan
Superiority of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients with prior cardiac surgery.
2001 Jan 23
Multiple intracranial aneurysms as delayed complications of an atrial myxoma: case report.
2001 Jul
Comparison of two platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, tirofiban and abciximab, for the prevention of ischemic events with percutaneous coronary revascularization.
2001 Jun 21
Activation of Gi-coupled receptors releases a tonic state of inhibited platelet aggregation.
2001 Mar
Initial experience with a newer generation coronary stent.
2001 Mar
What is the optimal medical management of ischemic heart failure?
2001 Mar-Apr
[Superiority of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients with prior cardiac surgery].
2001 May
Orbofiban: an orally active GPIIb/IIIa platelet receptor antagonist.
2001 May
Clopidogrel and aplastic anaemia.
2001 May 5
Methods and models to evaluate shear-dependent and surface reactivity-dependent antithrombotic efficacy.
2001 Nov 1
Antiplatelet agents for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.
2001 Oct
Prevention of venous graft sclerosis with clopidogrel and aspirin combined with a mesh tubing in a dog model of arteriovenous bypass grafting.
2001 Oct
Effects of clopidogrel pretreatment before percutaneous coronary intervention in patients treated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (abciximab or tirofiban).
2001 Oct 15
Drug-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome.
2001 Sep
Effects of combining three different antiplatelet agents on platelets and leukocytes in whole blood in vitro.
2001 Sep
Recovery of platelet function after discontinuation of clopidogrel treatment in healthy volunteers.
2001 Sep
Complications of oral antiplatelet medications.
2001 Sep
Clopidogrel versus aspirin after cardiac surgery.
2001 Sep 25
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Recent MI, Recent Stroke, or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease The recommended daily dose of is 75 mg once daily.
Route of Administration: Oral
Incubation of human washed platelets with clopidogrel resulted in a time- (maximum effects after 30 min) and concentration-dependent (IC50 1.9+/-0.3 uM) inhibition of ADP (6 uM)-induced platelet aggregation. Clopidogrel (30 uM) did not inhibit collagen (2.5 ug ml(-1))-, U46619 (1 uM)- or thrombin (0.1 u ml(-1))-induced platelet aggregation.
Name Type Language
R 130964
Preferred Name English
CLOPIDOGREL
EMA EPAR   HSDB   INN   MI   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INN  
Official Name English
clopidogrel [INN]
Common Name English
(S)-METHYL .ALPHA.-(4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDROTHIENO(3,2-C)PYRIDIN-5-YL)-.ALPHA.-(O-CHLOROPHENYL)ACETATE
Common Name English
SR-25990
Code English
CLOPIDOGREL [HSDB]
Common Name English
NSC-758613
Code English
THROMBO
Common Name English
(+)-(S)-CLOPIDOGREL
Common Name English
SR 25990
Code English
CLOPIDOGREL [VANDF]
Common Name English
METHYL 2-(2-CHLOROPHENYL)-2-(4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDROTHIENO(3,2-C)PYRIDIN-5-YL)ACETATE
Systematic Name English
ZYLLT
Common Name English
CLOPIDOGREL [EMA EPAR]
Common Name English
CLOPIDOGREL [MI]
Common Name English
R-130964
Code English
Clopidogrel [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NDF-RT N0000008832
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
WHO-VATC QB01AC04
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
WHO-ATC B01AC04
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
NCI_THESAURUS C80483
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS CLOPIDOGREL ACINO (AUTHORIZED:ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME)
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000008832
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000182142
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000175578
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
LIVERTOX NBK547946
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS CLOPIDOGREL ACINO (AUTHORIZED: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION)
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1771
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MESH
C055162
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00758
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000091166
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
HSDB
7430
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m3655
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
CAS
113665-84-2
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
CLOPIDOGREL
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
INN
5908
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NSC
758613
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000182143
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY P2Y12 Receptor Antagonists [MoA]
IUPHAR
7150
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB13395MIG
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID6022848
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
708
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
LACTMED
Clopidogrel
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
37941
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
A74586SNO7
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
A74586SNO7
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
32968
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
NCI_THESAURUS
C61686
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
60606
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:29:22 GMT 2025
PRIMARY