Details
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C12H19Cl3O8 |
| Molecular Weight | 397.633 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 9 / 9 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@]2(CCl)O[C@H](CCl)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1Cl
InChI
InChIKey=BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N
InChI=1S/C12H19Cl3O8/c13-1-4-7(17)10(20)12(3-14,22-4)23-11-9(19)8(18)6(15)5(2-16)21-11/h4-11,16-20H,1-3H2/t4-,5-,6+,7-,8+,9-,10+,11-,12+/m1/s1
DescriptionCurator's Comment: Description was created using several sources including: http://www.theecologist.org/investigations/health/268764/life_after_aspartame.html#sthash.UsxH2vHn.dpuf; http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=172.831; http://www.sugar-and-sweetener-guide.com/e-number-index-for-sweeteners.html; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14647086; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02813759?term=SUCRALOSE&rank=3; http://www.kon.org/urc/frank.html; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14647086
Curator's Comment: Description was created using several sources including: http://www.theecologist.org/investigations/health/268764/life_after_aspartame.html#sthash.UsxH2vHn.dpuf; http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=172.831; http://www.sugar-and-sweetener-guide.com/e-number-index-for-sweeteners.html; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14647086; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02813759?term=SUCRALOSE&rank=3; http://www.kon.org/urc/frank.html; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14647086
Sucralose (sold commercially as Splenda), a water-soluble chlorocarbohydrate, is a sweetener used to sweeten food, beverages, medications, etc., such as sugar, saccharine or other low-calorie synthetic products. In the European Union, it is also known under the E number E955. It is approved in USA by FDA under Chapter I-Food and Drug administration as a multipurpose additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption. Splenda is stated to be safe for use by subjects with type 2 diabetes since it does not effect glucose homeostasis in these patients. There is one ongoing clinical trial on effect and safety of sucralose in patients with type 2 diabetes in intensive insulin therapy.
Originator
Curator's Comment: Sucralose was discovered in 1976 by researchers at British sugar refiner Tate & Lyle. Four years later, Tate & Lyle joined forces with Johnson & Johnson to develop and commercialize sucralose under the auspices of a new company, McNeil Specialty Products (now called McNeil Nutritionals)
Approval Year
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preventing | Splenda Approved UseSucralose is approved for use in food as a non-nutritive sweetener. Launch Date1997 |
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| Inactive ingredient | SUEROLYTE ORAL ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION Approved UseDiarrhea Launch Date2015 |
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| Preventing | CREST GUM DETOXIFY PLUS WHITENING Approved Useaids in the prevention of cavities
helps prevent gingivitis
helps interfere with the harmful effects of plaque associated with gingivitis
helps control plaque bacteria that contribute to the development of gingivitis Launch Date2017 |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Analysis of sucralose and other sweeteners in water and beverage samples by liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | 2010-06-18 |
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| Key amino acid residues involved in multi-point binding interactions between brazzein, a sweet protein, and the T1R2-T1R3 human sweet receptor. | 2010-05-14 |
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| Role of protein concentration and protein-saliva interactions in the astringency of whey proteins at low pH. | 2010-05 |
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| Dysglycemias in pregnancy: from diagnosis to treatment. Brazilian consensus statement. | 2010-04-24 |
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| Positive allosteric modulators of the human sweet taste receptor enhance sweet taste. | 2010-03-09 |
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| Effects of timing, sex, and age on site-specific gastrointestinal permeability testing in children and adults. | 2010-03 |
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| Inadequate toxicity tests of food additive acesulfame. | 2010-02-20 |
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| The effects of a pre-workout supplement containing caffeine, creatine, and amino acids during three weeks of high-intensity exercise on aerobic and anaerobic performance. | 2010-02-15 |
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| Standards of medical care in diabetes--2010. | 2010-01 |
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| Development of taste masked fast disintegrating films of levocetirizine dihydrochloride for oral use. | 2010-01 |
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| Sugar alcohols, caries incidence, and remineralization of caries lesions: a literature review. | 2010 |
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| Ingestion of diet soda before a glucose load augments glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion. | 2009-12 |
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| Colonic permeability is higher in Great Danes compared with smaller breed-dogs. | 2009-12 |
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| Physicochemical Characterization, in vitro Release and Permeation Studies of Respirable Rifampicin-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes. | 2009-11 |
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| The study on long-term toxicity of d-psicose in rats. | 2009-11 |
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| Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of reformulated azelastine nasal spray in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. | 2009-10-08 |
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| Expert panel report on a study of Splenda in male rats. | 2009-10 |
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| An overview of the safety of sucralose. | 2009-10 |
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| Development and formulation of a 0.2% oral solution of midazolam containing gamma-cyclodextrin. | 2009-09-11 |
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| Determination of sucralose in soft drinks by high-performance thin-layer chromatography: interlaboratory study. | 2009-09-01 |
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| A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of rifaximin, a nonabsorbable antibiotic, in the treatment of tropical enteropathy. | 2009-09 |
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| Determination of complex polysaccharides by HPAE-PAD in foods: validation using accuracy profile. | 2009-08-01 |
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| Analysis and occurrence of seven artificial sweeteners in German waste water and surface water and in soil aquifer treatment (SAT). | 2009-07 |
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| Delineation of the chemomechanosensory regulation of gastrin secretion using pure rodent G cells. | 2009-07 |
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| [Sweetened solution intake in albino rats: taste versus calories]. | 2009-05 |
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| Medium-chain fatty acids improve cognitive function in intensively treated type 1 diabetic patients and support in vitro synaptic transmission during acute hypoglycemia. | 2009-05 |
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| Determination of nine intense sweeteners in foodstuffs by high-performance liquid chromatography and evaporative light-scattering detection: interlaboratory study. | 2009-04-23 |
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| Simultaneous determination of nonnutritive sweeteners in foods by HPLC/ESI-MS. | 2009-04-22 |
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| Analyses of sweet receptor gene (Tas1r2) and preference for sweet stimuli in species of Carnivora. | 2009-04-16 |
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| Effect of the artificial sweetener, sucralose, on gastric emptying and incretin hormone release in healthy subjects. | 2009-04 |
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| Diet soda intake and risk of incident metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). | 2009-04 |
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| Acidogenic potential of "sugar-free" cough drops. | 2009-03-06 |
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| Preparation and evaluation of soft gellan gum gel containing paracetamol. | 2009-03 |
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| Consumption of SC45647 and sucralose by rats selectively bred for high and low saccharin intake. | 2009-03 |
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| Incretin release from gut is acutely enhanced by sugar but not by sweeteners in vivo. | 2009-03 |
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| Sucralose screening in European surface waters using a solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method. | 2009-02-13 |
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| Clinical relevance of measuring colonic permeability. | 2009-02 |
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| Nutrient-dependent secretion of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide from primary murine K cells. | 2009-02 |
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| An energy supply network of nutrient absorption coordinated by calcium and T1R taste receptors in rat small intestine. | 2009-01-15 |
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| Pharmacokinetic characteristics and safety and tolerability of a reformulated azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray in patients with chronic rhinitis. | 2009-01 |
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| Standards of medical care in diabetes--2009. | 2009-01 |
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| Reducing small intestinal permeability attenuates colitis in the IL10 gene-deficient mouse. | 2009-01 |
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| Sweet taste signaling functions as a hypothalamic glucose sensor. | 2009 |
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| Sweet taste receptor expressed in pancreatic beta-cells activates the calcium and cyclic AMP signaling systems and stimulates insulin secretion. | 2009 |
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| Glucose sensing in L cells: a primary cell study. | 2008-12 |
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| Clinical trial: effect of active lactic acid bacteria on mucosal barrier function in patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. | 2008-10-15 |
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| Effects of mouth rinses on color stability of resin composites. | 2008-10 |
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| Xylitol gummy bear snacks: a school-based randomized clinical trial. | 2008-07-25 |
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| Splenda alters gut microflora and increases intestinal p-glycoprotein and cytochrome p-450 in male rats. | 2008 |
|
| The erosive potential of some flavoured waters. | 2007-01 |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: http://www.kon.org/urc/frank.html
Expected human daily intake is at a level of 1.1 mg/kg/day. individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Route of Administration:
Oral
To map of the sweet taste enhancer interaction site in sweet–umami chimeric receptors hT1R2-1/hT1R3 and hT1R1-2/rT1R3 stable cell lines were assayed by using fluorescence imaging plate reader (FLIPR). Dose-dependent response curves of hT1R2-1/hT1R3 stable cell line were determined in the absence and presence of SE-2 at sucralose increasing concentration up to 10 mM.
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DSLD |
1165 (Number of products:104)
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JECFA EVALUATION |
INS-955
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) |
INS-955
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CFR |
21 CFR 172.831
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C283
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7964
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CHEMBL2107529
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259-952-2
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Sucralose
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C79882
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1623626
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1439115
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71485
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SUCRALOSE
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DTXSID1040245
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759272
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56038-13-2
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m10281
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96K6UQ3ZD4
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100000078319
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96K6UQ3ZD4
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SUB20056
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ACTIVE MOIETY
